Trema orientale(L.) Blume

Oriental trema

WFO wfo-0000457758 Accepted WFO 2026-06 8 photographs CC0 / CC BY-SA

Plate 1 figs. a–h · 8 separate observations

Trema orientale, photographed by Tony Rebelo
fig. a Tony Rebelo, CC BY-SA 4.0 / 2022-05-20 / obs. 203907364
Trema orientale, photographed by Tony Rebelo
fig. b Tony Rebelo, CC BY-SA 4.0 / obs. 202503697
Trema orientale, photographed by 葉子
fig. c 葉子, CC0 1.0 / obs. 189385963
Trema orientale, photographed by 葉子
fig. d 葉子, CC0 1.0 / obs. 189388693
Trema orientale, photographed by 葉子
fig. e 葉子, CC0 1.0 / obs. 179913952
Trema orientale, photographed by 葉子
fig. f 葉子, CC0 1.0 / obs. 179900078
Trema orientale, photographed by 葉子
fig. g 葉子, CC0 1.0 / obs. 178169937
Trema orientale, photographed by 葉子
fig. h 葉子, CC0 1.0 / obs. 178099549

Every figure is a research-grade observation under CC0, CC BY or CC BY-SA, rehosted with the photographer’s name, the licence and the observation it came from. Photographs under a NonCommercial licence are excluded from this site and are never stored, which costs us a great many pictures and is not negotiable.

Native range 90 botanical countries

Regions where Trema orientale is native: Angola, Benin, Burkina, Burundi, Cameroon, Cape Provinces, Central African Republic, Chad, Comoros, Congo, Djibouti, DR Congo, Eritrea, Eswatini, Ethiopia, Gabon, Gambia, Ghana, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Gulf of Guinea Is., Ivory Coast, Kenya, KwaZulu-Natal, Liberia, Madagascar, Malawi, Mali, Mozambique, Namibia, Nigeria, Northern Provinces, Rwanda, Senegal, Seychelles, Sierra Leone, Somalia, Sudan-South Sudan, Tanzania, Togo, Uganda, Zambia, Zimbabwe, China South-Central, China Southeast, Hainan, Japan, Kazan-retto, Nansei-shoto, Ogasawara-shoto, Oman, Saudi Arabia, Tibet, Yemen, Andaman Is., Assam, Bangladesh, Bismarck Archipelago, Borneo, Cambodia, East Himalaya, India, Jawa, Laos, Lesser Sunda Is., Malaya, Maluku, Myanmar, Nepal, New Guinea, Nicobar Is., Philippines, Solomon Is., South China Sea, Sri Lanka, Sulawesi, Sumatera, Thailand, Vietnam, West Himalaya, Northern Territory, Queensland, Caroline Is., Cook Is., Marianas, Marquesas, Niue, Samoa, Santa Cruz Is., Tonga AngolaBeninBurkinaBurundiCameroonCape ProvincesCentral African RepublicChadCongoDjiboutiDR CongoEritreaEswatiniEthiopiaGabonGambiaGhanaGuineaGuinea-BissauGulf of Guinea Is.Ivory CoastKenyaKwaZulu-NatalLiberiaMadagascarMalawiMaliMozambiqueNamibiaNigeriaNorthern ProvincesRwandaSenegalSierra LeoneSomaliaSudan-South SudanTanzaniaTogoUgandaZambiaZimbabweChina South-CentralChina SoutheastHainanJapanOmanSaudi ArabiaTibetYemenAssamBangladeshBismarck ArchipelagoBorneoCambodiaEast HimalayaIndiaJawaLaosLesser Sunda Is.MalayaMalukuMyanmarNepalNew GuineaPhilippinesSolomon Is.Sri LankaSulawesiSumateraThailandVietnamWest HimalayaNorthern TerritoryQueensland ComorosSeychellesNansei-shotoAndaman Is.Nicobar Is.South China SeaCaroline Is.Cook Is.MarianasMarquesasNiueSamoaTonga
Native distribution of Trema orientale, after Kew’s World Checklist of Vascular Plants. Introduced, extinct and doubtful records are excluded, so this is where the plant is from, not everywhere it now grows. Regions too small to draw at this scale are marked with a dot.
RegionTDWG codeContinent
Angola ANG AFRICA
Benin BEN
Burkina BKN
Burundi BUR
Cameroon CMN
Cape Provinces CPP
Central African Republic CAF
Chad CHA
Comoros COM
Congo CON
Djibouti DJI
DR Congo ZAI
Eritrea ERI
Eswatini SWZ
Ethiopia ETH
Gabon GAB
Gambia GAM
Ghana GHA
Guinea GUI
Guinea-Bissau GNB
Gulf of Guinea Is. GGI
Ivory Coast IVO
Kenya KEN
KwaZulu-Natal NAT
Liberia LBR
Madagascar MDG
Malawi MLW
Mali MLI
Mozambique MOZ
Namibia NAM
Nigeria NGA
Northern Provinces TVL
Rwanda RWA
Senegal SEN
Seychelles SEY
Sierra Leone SIE
Somalia SOM
Sudan-South Sudan SUD
Tanzania TAN
Togo TOG
Uganda UGA
Zambia ZAM
Zimbabwe ZIM
Andaman Is. AND ASIA-TROPICAL
Assam ASS
Bangladesh BAN
Bismarck Archipelago BIS
Borneo BOR
Cambodia CBD
East Himalaya EHM
India IND
Jawa JAW
Laos LAO
Lesser Sunda Is. LSI
Malaya MLY
Maluku MOL
Myanmar MYA
Nepal NEP
New Guinea NWG
Nicobar Is. NCB
Philippines PHI
Solomon Is. SOL
South China Sea SCS
Sri Lanka SRL
Sulawesi SUL
Sumatera SUM
Thailand THA
Vietnam VIE
West Himalaya WHM
China South-Central CHC ASIA-TEMPERATE
China Southeast CHS
Hainan CHH
Japan JAP
Kazan-retto KZN
Nansei-shoto NNS
Ogasawara-shoto OGA
Oman OMA
Saudi Arabia SAU
Tibet CHT
Yemen YEM
Caroline Is. CRL PACIFIC
Cook Is. COO
Marianas MRN
Marquesas MRQ
Niue NUE
Samoa SAM
Santa Cruz Is. SCZ
Tonga TON
Northern Territory NTA AUSTRALASIA
Queensland QLD

Not drawn on the map: Kazan-retto, Ogasawara-shoto, Santa Cruz Is.. We hold no public-domain boundary for these regions, so they are listed rather than guessed at.

Region boundaries approximated from Natural Earth (public domain) and mapped to TDWG World Geographical Scheme for Recording Plant Distributions (WGSRPD) level-3 botanical countries (Brummitt 2001). Indicative, not the official WGSRPD geometry.

Also published as 55 synonyms

A synonym is not an error. It is a record of botanists disagreeing, in print, about where this plant belongs. Each of these was somebody’s considered answer.

  • Celtis commersonii Brongn.
  • Celtis glomerata Hochst.
  • Celtis guineensis Schumach. & Thonn.
  • Celtis guineensis var. parvifolia Schumach.
  • Celtis laeta Salisb.
  • Celtis madagascariensis Bojer
  • Celtis orientalis L.
  • Celtis rigida Blume
  • Colubrina leschenaultii (DC.) G.Don
  • Sponia affinis Planch.
  • Sponia africana Planch.
  • Sponia andaresa Comm. ex Lam.
  • Sponia argentea Planch.
  • Sponia bracteolata Hochst.
  • Sponia commersonii Decne. ex Planch.
  • Sponia glomerata Hochst.
  • Sponia guineensis (Schumach. & Thonn.) Planch.
  • Sponia hochstetteri Planch.
  • Sponia lucida Hassk.
  • Sponia nitens Hook.f. ex Planch.
  • Sponia orientalis (L.) Decne.
  • Sponia orientalis (L.) Decne. ex Planch.
  • Sponia orientalis var. affinis (Planch.) Baker
  • Sponia orientalis var. asperata Solms ex Schweinf.

and 31 more.

Sourcesevery claim on this page

  1. World Flora Online Plant List. accepted name, authority, classification. CC0. Retrieved 2026-07-12.
  2. iNaturalist. photographs and flowering annotations, CC0 / CC BY / CC BY-SA only. per photograph. Retrieved 2026-06-27.
  3. Wikidata. common name (P1843), joined on the World Flora Online identifier (P7715). CC0. Retrieved 2026-07-13.
  4. Kew, World Checklist of Vascular Plants (WCVP v16). native distribution by TDWG level-3 botanical country, and life form. CC BY 3.0. Retrieved 2026-06-04.

We publish what we can source and we say so when we cannot. This page has no care advice and no toxicity claim, because we do not yet have those from a source we can cite.