Ionactis linariifolia

Plate 1 figs. a–h · 8 separate observations

Ionactis linariifolia, photographed by Nash Turley — fig. b Nash Turley, CC BY 4.0 / obs. 202442804

Ionactis linariifolia, photographed by Mary Spilman — fig. d Mary Spilman, CC BY 4.0 / obs. 170797523

Ionactis linariifolia, photographed by ragbird — fig. e ragbird, CC0 1.0 / obs. 164466843

Ionactis linariifolia, photographed by tony_told_me — fig. f tony_told_me, CC0 1.0 / obs. 159739856

Ionactis linariifolia, photographed by Steven Lamonde — fig. g Steven Lamonde, CC BY 4.0 / obs. 160458172

Ionactis linariifolia, photographed by Tom Field — fig. h Tom Field, CC BY 4.0 / obs. 169661806

Every figure is a research-grade observation under CC0, CC BY or CC BY-SA, rehosted with the photographer’s name, the licence and the observation it came from. Photographs under a NonCommercial licence are excluded from this site and are never stored, which costs us a great many pictures and is not negotiable.

Native range 35 botanical countries

Native distribution of Ionactis linariifolia, after Kew’s World Checklist of Vascular Plants. Introduced, extinct and doubtful records are excluded, so this is where the plant is from, not everywhere it now grows. Regions too small to draw at this scale are marked with a dot.

Region	TDWG code	Continent
Alabama	ALA	NORTHERN AMERICA
Arkansas	ARK
Connecticut	CNT
Delaware	DEL
District of Columbia	WDC
Florida	FLA
Georgia	GEO
Illinois	ILL
Indiana	INI
Iowa	IOW
Kansas	KAN
Kentucky	KTY
Louisiana	LOU
Maine	MAI
Maryland	MRY
Massachusetts	MAS
Mississippi	MSI
Missouri	MSO
New Brunswick	NBR
New Hampshire	NWH
New Jersey	NWJ
New York	NWY
North Carolina	NCA
Ohio	OHI
Oklahoma	OKL
Pennsylvania	PEN
Québec	QUE
Rhode I.	RHO
South Carolina	SCA
Tennessee	TEN
Texas	TEX
Vermont	VER
Virginia	VRG
West Virginia	WVA
Wisconsin	WIS

Region boundaries approximated from Natural Earth (public domain) and mapped to TDWG World Geographical Scheme for Recording Plant Distributions (WGSRPD) level-3 botanical countries (Brummitt 2001). Indicative, not the official WGSRPD geometry.

Flowering 593 in flower of 678 examined

11%

41%

79%

88%

96%

90%

48%

20%

Proportion of examined Ionactis linariifolia in flower, by month
Month	In flower	Examined	Share	95% interval
Jan	0	0	too few examined
Feb	0	0	too few examined
Mar	0	0	too few examined
Apr	0	1	too few examined
May	1	9	11%	2% to 44%
Jun	7	17	41%	22% to 64%
Jul	19	24	79%	60% to 91%
Aug	112	128	88%	81% to 92%
Sep	317	331	96%	93% to 97%
Oct	124	138	90%	84% to 94%
Nov	12	25	48%	30% to 67%
Dec	1	5	20%	4% to 62%

Peak flowering in Sep. Each bar is the share of Ionactis linariifolia observations in which someone actually recorded the reproductive state and found the plant in flower, not the raw number of flowering records. That distinction matters: people observe plants far more in spring than in winter, so a bare count of flowering records partly measures when people go outside. Dividing by the number examined removes that. 593 of 678 examined observations were in flower, every one of them research grade. The whisker on each bar is a 95% Wilson interval. 4 months have fewer than 5 examined observations, so no proportion is drawn for them. This is still a global aggregate and not a forecast for your garden: the same species flowers on different dates in different hemispheres. Where a species has fewer than 30 flowering records we do not draw this chart at all. Computed from 10.15468/dl.cgje2x.

Where it actually grows measured, from 2,001 observations

Condition	5th percentile	Median	95th percentile
Coldest month, mean daily low	-11.2 °C	-5.3 °C	1.9 °C
Warmest month, mean daily high	20.7 °C	27.5 °C	31.8 °C
Annual rainfall	942 mm	1,237 mm	1,458 mm
Rainfall in the driest quarter	122 mm	268 mm	317 mm

It is found where winters bring hard frost. This is not care advice and it is not a forecast. It is a measurement: we sampled the climate at every one of the 2,001 research-grade observations of Ionactis linariifolia that carry a coordinate, and this is the range those places actually span. The 5th and 95th percentiles are used rather than the minimum and maximum, because a single cultivated specimen in a heated conservatory should not widen a tropical plant's range to the Arctic.

This is not a hardiness zone. A USDA zone is the average annual extreme minimum temperature. The figure above is the mean daily minimum of the coldest month, which is a different quantity and is typically far warmer. Reading one as the other would place a plant several zones too warm, so we do not publish a hardiness zone, because we do not have one. Climate from CHELSA V2.1 (Karger et al. 2017); occurrences from 10.15468/dl.cgje2x.

Also published as 15 synonyms

A synonym is not an error. It is a record of botanists disagreeing, in print, about where this plant belongs. Each of these was somebody’s considered answer.

Aster fragilis var. fragilis
Aster linariifolius L.
Aster linariifolius f. lateralis House
Aster linariifolius f. leucactis Benke
Aster linariifolius f. linariifolius
Aster linariifolius f. monocephalus House
Aster linariifolius var. linariifolius
Aster linariifolius var. victorinii Fernald
Aster rigidus L.
Chrysopsis linariifolia DC.
Diplopappus linariifolius (L.) Hook.
Diplopappus linariifolius Lindl.
Diplopappus rigidus (L.) Lindl.
Diplostephium linariifolium Nees
Diplostephium rigidum (Pursh) Sweet

Sourcesevery claim on this page

World Flora Online Plant List. accepted name, authority, classification. CC0. Retrieved 2026-07-12.
iNaturalist. photographs and flowering annotations, CC0 / CC BY / CC BY-SA only. per photograph. Retrieved 2026-06-27.
Kew, World Checklist of Vascular Plants (WCVP v16). native distribution by TDWG level-3 botanical country, and life form. CC BY 3.0. Retrieved 2026-06-04.

We publish what we can source and we say so when we cannot. This page has no care advice and no toxicity claim, because we do not yet have those from a source we can cite.