Cyperus pumilusL.

low flatsedge

WFO wfo-0000380754 Accepted WFO 2026-06 8 photographs CC BY

Plate 1 figs. a–h · 4 observations

This species has been photographed under an open licence only 4 times, so some figures below are different views of the same plant, taken on the same day, rather than different individuals. They are usually different parts of it: the leaf, the flower, the bark.

Cyperus pumilus, photographed by Jay Horn
fig. a Jay Horn, CC BY 4.0 / 2021-09-11 / obs. 157045996

Every figure is a research-grade observation under CC0, CC BY or CC BY-SA, rehosted with the photographer’s name, the licence and the observation it came from. Photographs under a NonCommercial licence are excluded from this site and are never stored, which costs us a great many pictures and is not negotiable.

Native range 69 botanical countries

Regions where Cyperus pumilus is native: Aldabra, Angola, Benin, Botswana, Burkina, Central African Republic, Chad, Comoros, Congo, DR Congo, Eritrea, Eswatini, Ethiopia, Free State, Gabon, Gambia, Ghana, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Ivory Coast, Kenya, KwaZulu-Natal, Madagascar, Malawi, Mali, Mozambique, Namibia, Niger, Nigeria, Northern Provinces, Senegal, Sierra Leone, Socotra, Somalia, Sudan-South Sudan, Tanzania, Togo, Uganda, Zambia, Zimbabwe, China Southeast, Hainan, Taiwan, Andaman Is., Assam, Bangladesh, Borneo, Cambodia, East Himalaya, India, Jawa, Laccadive Is., Lesser Sunda Is., Malaya, Maluku, Myanmar, Nepal, New Guinea, Nicobar Is., Pakistan, Philippines, Sri Lanka, Sulawesi, Sumatera, Thailand, Vietnam, West Himalaya, Northern Territory, Queensland AngolaBeninBotswanaBurkinaCentral African RepublicChadCongoDR CongoEritreaEswatiniEthiopiaFree StateGabonGambiaGhanaGuineaGuinea-BissauIvory CoastKenyaKwaZulu-NatalMadagascarMalawiMaliMozambiqueNamibiaNigerNigeriaNorthern ProvincesSenegalSierra LeoneSomaliaSudan-South SudanTanzaniaTogoUgandaZambiaZimbabweChina SoutheastHainanTaiwanAssamBangladeshBorneoCambodiaEast HimalayaIndiaJawaLesser Sunda Is.MalayaMalukuMyanmarNepalNew GuineaPakistanPhilippinesSri LankaSulawesiSumateraThailandVietnamWest HimalayaNorthern TerritoryQueensland AldabraComorosAndaman Is.Laccadive Is.Nicobar Is.
Native distribution of Cyperus pumilus, after Kew’s World Checklist of Vascular Plants. Introduced, extinct and doubtful records are excluded, so this is where the plant is from, not everywhere it now grows. Regions too small to draw at this scale are marked with a dot.
RegionTDWG codeContinent
Aldabra ALD AFRICA
Angola ANG
Benin BEN
Botswana BOT
Burkina BKN
Central African Republic CAF
Chad CHA
Comoros COM
Congo CON
DR Congo ZAI
Eritrea ERI
Eswatini SWZ
Ethiopia ETH
Free State OFS
Gabon GAB
Gambia GAM
Ghana GHA
Guinea GUI
Guinea-Bissau GNB
Ivory Coast IVO
Kenya KEN
KwaZulu-Natal NAT
Madagascar MDG
Malawi MLW
Mali MLI
Mozambique MOZ
Namibia NAM
Niger NGR
Nigeria NGA
Northern Provinces TVL
Senegal SEN
Sierra Leone SIE
Socotra SOC
Somalia SOM
Sudan-South Sudan SUD
Tanzania TAN
Togo TOG
Uganda UGA
Zambia ZAM
Zimbabwe ZIM
Andaman Is. AND ASIA-TROPICAL
Assam ASS
Bangladesh BAN
Borneo BOR
Cambodia CBD
East Himalaya EHM
India IND
Jawa JAW
Laccadive Is. LDV
Lesser Sunda Is. LSI
Malaya MLY
Maluku MOL
Myanmar MYA
Nepal NEP
New Guinea NWG
Nicobar Is. NCB
Pakistan PAK
Philippines PHI
Sri Lanka SRL
Sulawesi SUL
Sumatera SUM
Thailand THA
Vietnam VIE
West Himalaya WHM
China Southeast CHS ASIA-TEMPERATE
Hainan CHH
Taiwan TAI
Northern Territory NTA AUSTRALASIA
Queensland QLD

Not drawn on the map: Socotra. We hold no public-domain boundary for this region, so it is listed rather than guessed at.

Region boundaries approximated from Natural Earth (public domain) and mapped to TDWG World Geographical Scheme for Recording Plant Distributions (WGSRPD) level-3 botanical countries (Brummitt 2001). Indicative, not the official WGSRPD geometry.

Where it actually grows measured, from 57 observations

Condition 5th percentile Median 95th percentile
Coldest month, mean daily low 3.1 °C 13.1 °C 23.7 °C
Warmest month, mean daily high 22.0 °C 30.4 °C 31.8 °C
Annual rainfall 619 mm 1,856 mm 3,329 mm
Rainfall in the driest quarter 28 mm 111 mm 218 mm

It is found where winters are cool but frost is light or absent. This is not care advice and it is not a forecast. It is a measurement: we sampled the climate at every one of the 57 research-grade observations of Cyperus pumilus that carry a coordinate, and this is the range those places actually span. The 5th and 95th percentiles are used rather than the minimum and maximum, because a single cultivated specimen in a heated conservatory should not widen a tropical plant's range to the Arctic.

This is not a hardiness zone. A USDA zone is the average annual extreme minimum temperature. The figure above is the mean daily minimum of the coldest month, which is a different quantity and is typically far warmer. Reading one as the other would place a plant several zones too warm, so we do not publish a hardiness zone, because we do not have one.

Also published as 40 synonyms

A synonym is not an error. It is a record of botanists disagreeing, in print, about where this plant belongs. Each of these was somebody’s considered answer.

  • Cyperus breviculmis F.Muell.
  • Cyperus commutatus Steud.
  • Cyperus divergens Chapm.
  • Cyperus gymnoleptus Steud.
  • Cyperus laxiusculus Steud.
  • Cyperus leucolepis J.Carey ex C.B.Clarke
  • Cyperus nitens Retz.
  • Cyperus nitens var. muticus Boeckeler
  • Cyperus nitens var. patens (Vahl) Boeckeler
  • Cyperus obstinatus Steud.
  • Cyperus patens Vahl
  • Cyperus pulvinatus Nees & Meyen
  • Cyperus pumilus f. borneensis C.B.Clarke
  • Cyperus pumilus f. gracilis (E.G.Camus) Kük.
  • Cyperus pumilus f. patens C.B.Clarke
  • Cyperus pumilus var. leucolepis (C.B.Clarke) Kük.
  • Cyperus pumilus var. mutica (Boeckeler) C.B.Clarke
  • Cyperus pumilus var. patens (Vahl) Kük.
  • Cyperus pumilus var. prorepens Kük.
  • Cyperus pumilus var. punctatus C.B.Clarke
  • Cyperus punctatus Roxb.
  • Cyperus pusillus Vahl
  • Cyperus pygmaeus Retz.
  • Cyperus strictus Wight ex C.B.Clarke

and 16 more.

Sourcesevery claim on this page

  1. World Flora Online Plant List. accepted name, authority, classification. CC0. Retrieved 2026-07-12.
  2. iNaturalist. photographs and flowering annotations, CC0 / CC BY / CC BY-SA only. per photograph. Retrieved 2026-06-27.
  3. USDA PLANTS Database. common name, checklist symbol CYPU3. public domain. Retrieved 2026-07-13.
  4. Kew, World Checklist of Vascular Plants (WCVP v16). native distribution by TDWG level-3 botanical country, and life form. CC BY 3.0. Retrieved 2026-06-04.

We publish what we can source and we say so when we cannot. This page has no care advice and no toxicity claim, because we do not yet have those from a source we can cite.