Viola rupestrisF.W.Schmidt

teesdale violet

WFO wfo-0000423578 Accepted WFO 2026-06 8 photographs CC0 / CC BY

Plate 1 figs. a–h · 8 separate observations

Viola rupestris, photographed by Алексей Ябс
fig. a Алексей Ябс, CC0 1.0 / 2022-06-05 / obs. 203506393
Viola rupestris, photographed by Tatiana Strus
fig. b Tatiana Strus, CC BY 4.0 / obs. 201492400
Viola rupestris, photographed by Марина Садыкова
fig. c Марина Садыкова, CC BY 4.0 / obs. 201359039
Viola rupestris, photographed by Nadezhda Kiseleva
fig. d Nadezhda Kiseleva, CC BY 4.0 / obs. 199980973
Viola rupestris, photographed by Екатерина Кропочева
fig. e Екатерина Кропочева, CC BY 4.0 / obs. 200186828
Viola rupestris, photographed by Силаева Татьяна Борисовна
fig. f Силаева Татьяна Борисовна, CC0 1.0 / obs. 199758850
Viola rupestris, photographed by Ochirnima Nimaev
fig. g Ochirnima Nimaev, CC BY 4.0 / obs. 198509682
Viola rupestris, photographed by Силаева Татьяна Борисовна
fig. h Силаева Татьяна Борисовна, CC0 1.0 / obs. 197570040

Every figure is a research-grade observation under CC0, CC BY or CC BY-SA, rehosted with the photographer’s name, the licence and the observation it came from. Photographs under a NonCommercial licence are excluded from this site and are never stored, which costs us a great many pictures and is not negotiable.

Native range 52 botanical countries

Regions where Viola rupestris is native: Afghanistan, Altay, Amur, Buryatiya, China North-Central, Inner Mongolia, Iran, Irkutsk, Kazakhstan, Khabarovsk, Kirgizstan, Krasnoyarsk, North Caucasus, Primorye, Sakhalin, Tadzhikistan, Transcaucasus, Türkiye, Tuva, Uzbekistan, West Siberia, Xinjiang, Yakutiya, Pakistan, West Himalaya, Austria, Baltic States, Belarus, Belgium, Bulgaria, Central European Russia, Czechia-Slovakia, East European Russia, Finland, France, Germany, Great Britain, Greece, Hungary, Italy, Netherlands, North European Russia, Northwest European Russia, Norway, NW. Balkan Pen., Poland, Romania, South European Russia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Ukraine AfghanistanAltayAmurBuryatiyaChina North-CentralInner MongoliaIranIrkutskKazakhstanKhabarovskKirgizstanKrasnoyarskNorth CaucasusPrimoryeSakhalinTadzhikistanTranscaucasusTürkiyeTuvaUzbekistanWest SiberiaXinjiangYakutiyaPakistanWest HimalayaAustriaBaltic StatesBelarusBelgiumBulgariaCentral European RussiaCzechia-SlovakiaEast European RussiaFinlandFranceGermanyGreeceHungaryItalyNetherlandsNorth European RussiaNorthwest European RussiaNorwayNW. Balkan Pen.PolandRomaniaSouth European RussiaSpainSwedenSwitzerlandUkraine
Native distribution of Viola rupestris, after Kew’s World Checklist of Vascular Plants. Introduced, extinct and doubtful records are excluded, so this is where the plant is from, not everywhere it now grows.
RegionTDWG codeContinent
Austria AUT EUROPE
Baltic States BLT
Belarus BLR
Belgium BGM
Bulgaria BUL
Central European Russia RUC
Czechia-Slovakia CZE
East European Russia RUE
Finland FIN
France FRA
Germany GER
Great Britain GRB
Greece GRC
Hungary HUN
Italy ITA
Netherlands NET
North European Russia RUN
Northwest European Russia RUW
Norway NOR
NW. Balkan Pen. YUG
Poland POL
Romania ROM
South European Russia RUS
Spain SPA
Sweden SWE
Switzerland SWI
Ukraine UKR
Afghanistan AFG ASIA-TEMPERATE
Altay ALT
Amur AMU
Buryatiya BRY
China North-Central CHN
Inner Mongolia CHI
Iran IRN
Irkutsk IRK
Kazakhstan KAZ
Khabarovsk KHA
Kirgizstan KGZ
Krasnoyarsk KRA
North Caucasus NCS
Primorye PRM
Sakhalin SAK
Tadzhikistan TZK
Transcaucasus TCS
Türkiye TUR
Tuva TVA
Uzbekistan UZB
West Siberia WSB
Xinjiang CHX
Yakutiya YAK
Pakistan PAK ASIA-TROPICAL
West Himalaya WHM

Not drawn on the map: Great Britain. We hold no public-domain boundary for this region, so it is listed rather than guessed at.

Region boundaries approximated from Natural Earth (public domain) and mapped to TDWG World Geographical Scheme for Recording Plant Distributions (WGSRPD) level-3 botanical countries (Brummitt 2001). Indicative, not the official WGSRPD geometry.

Flowering 307 in flower of 348 examined

Peak flowering in Mar. Each bar is the share of Viola rupestris observations in which someone actually recorded the reproductive state and found the plant in flower, not the raw number of flowering records. That distinction matters: people observe plants far more in spring than in winter, so a bare count of flowering records partly measures when people go outside. Dividing by the number examined removes that. 307 of 348 examined observations were in flower, every one of them research grade. The whisker on each bar is a 95% Wilson interval. 6 months have fewer than 5 examined observations, so no proportion is drawn for them. This is still a global aggregate and not a forecast for your garden: the same species flowers on different dates in different hemispheres. Where a species has fewer than 30 flowering records we do not draw this chart at all. Computed from 10.15468/dl.cgje2x.

Also published as 17 synonyms

A synonym is not an error. It is a record of botanists disagreeing, in print, about where this plant belongs. Each of these was somebody’s considered answer.

  • Viola aprica Spreng.
  • Viola arenaria DC.
  • Viola balbisii Re
  • Viola canina var. rupestris (F.W.Schmidt) Regel
  • Viola cinerascens Kern.
  • Viola glauca M.Bieb.
  • Viola himalayensis W.Becker
  • Viola krokeri J.F.Gmel.
  • Viola livida Kit. ex Roem. & Schult.
  • Viola purpurascens F.W.Schmidt
  • Viola riphaea J.F.Gmel.
  • Viola rupestris subsp. arenaria (DC.) Tzvelev
  • Viola rupestris subsp. glaberrima (Murb.) Vl.V.Nikitin
  • Viola rupestris var. bolosii P.Monts.
  • Viola rupestris var. glabra Popov
  • Viola saxigena Schur
  • Viola sergievskajae Tzvelev

Sourcesevery claim on this page

  1. World Flora Online Plant List. accepted name, authority, classification. CC0. Retrieved 2026-07-12.
  2. iNaturalist. photographs and flowering annotations, CC0 / CC BY / CC BY-SA only. per photograph. Retrieved 2026-06-27.
  3. Wikidata. common name (P1843), joined on the World Flora Online identifier (P7715). CC0. Retrieved 2026-07-13.
  4. Kew, World Checklist of Vascular Plants (WCVP v16). native distribution by TDWG level-3 botanical country, and life form. CC BY 3.0. Retrieved 2026-06-04.

We publish what we can source and we say so when we cannot. This page has no care advice and no toxicity claim, because we do not yet have those from a source we can cite.