Viola pumilaChaix

WFO wfo-0000423835 Accepted WFO 2026-06 8 photographs CC BY / CC BY-SA

Plate 1 figs. a–h · 6 observations

This species has been photographed under an open licence only 6 times, so some figures below are different views of the same plant, taken on the same day, rather than different individuals. They are usually different parts of it: the leaf, the flower, the bark.

Viola pumila, photographed by Tatiana Strus
fig. a Tatiana Strus, CC BY 4.0 / 2013-06-19 / obs. 105002241
Viola pumila, photographed by Анна Митрошенкова
fig. b Анна Митрошенкова, CC BY 4.0 / obs. 129580319
Viola pumila, photographed by Tatiana Strus
fig. c Tatiana Strus, CC BY 4.0 / obs. 105002250
Viola pumila, photographed by Юлия
fig. d Юлия, CC BY 4.0 / obs. 201563913
Viola pumila, photographed by alcesevropsky
fig. e alcesevropsky, CC BY-SA 4.0 / obs. 196304403
Viola pumila, photographed by Анна Митрошенкова
fig. f Анна Митрошенкова, CC BY 4.0 / obs. 129580307
Viola pumila, photographed by Yurii Basov
fig. g Yurii Basov, CC BY 4.0 / obs. 200509483
Viola pumila, photographed by Yurii Basov
fig. h Yurii Basov, CC BY 4.0 / obs. 200510470

Every figure is a research-grade observation under CC0, CC BY or CC BY-SA, rehosted with the photographer’s name, the licence and the observation it came from. Photographs under a NonCommercial licence are excluded from this site and are never stored, which costs us a great many pictures and is not negotiable.

Native range 20 botanical countries

Regions where Viola pumila is native: Kazakhstan, Kirgizstan, Transcaucasus, Uzbekistan, Austria, Bulgaria, Central European Russia, Czechia-Slovakia, France, Germany, Hungary, Italy, Krym, NW. Balkan Pen., Poland, Romania, South European Russia, Sweden, Switzerland, Ukraine KazakhstanKirgizstanTranscaucasusUzbekistanAustriaBulgariaCentral European RussiaCzechia-SlovakiaFranceGermanyHungaryItalyKrymNW. Balkan Pen.PolandRomaniaSouth European RussiaSwedenSwitzerlandUkraine
Native distribution of Viola pumila, after Kew’s World Checklist of Vascular Plants. Introduced, extinct and doubtful records are excluded, so this is where the plant is from, not everywhere it now grows.
RegionTDWG codeContinent
Austria AUT EUROPE
Bulgaria BUL
Central European Russia RUC
Czechia-Slovakia CZE
France FRA
Germany GER
Hungary HUN
Italy ITA
Krym KRY
NW. Balkan Pen. YUG
Poland POL
Romania ROM
South European Russia RUS
Sweden SWE
Switzerland SWI
Ukraine UKR
Kazakhstan KAZ ASIA-TEMPERATE
Kirgizstan KGZ
Transcaucasus TCS
Uzbekistan UZB

Region boundaries approximated from Natural Earth (public domain) and mapped to TDWG World Geographical Scheme for Recording Plant Distributions (WGSRPD) level-3 botanical countries (Brummitt 2001). Indicative, not the official WGSRPD geometry.

Flowering 62 in flower of 67 examined

Peak flowering in Apr. Each bar is the share of Viola pumila observations in which someone actually recorded the reproductive state and found the plant in flower, not the raw number of flowering records. That distinction matters: people observe plants far more in spring than in winter, so a bare count of flowering records partly measures when people go outside. Dividing by the number examined removes that. 62 of 67 examined observations were in flower, every one of them research grade. The whisker on each bar is a 95% Wilson interval. 10 months have fewer than 5 examined observations, so no proportion is drawn for them. This is still a global aggregate and not a forecast for your garden: the same species flowers on different dates in different hemispheres. Where a species has fewer than 30 flowering records we do not draw this chart at all. Computed from 10.15468/dl.cgje2x.

Also published as 2 synonyms

A synonym is not an error. It is a record of botanists disagreeing, in print, about where this plant belongs. Each of these was somebody’s considered answer.

  • Viola lancea Poir.
  • Viola pratensis Mert. & W.D.J.Koch

Sourcesevery claim on this page

  1. World Flora Online Plant List. accepted name, authority, classification. CC0. Retrieved 2026-07-12.
  2. iNaturalist. photographs and flowering annotations, CC0 / CC BY / CC BY-SA only. per photograph. Retrieved 2026-06-27.
  3. Kew, World Checklist of Vascular Plants (WCVP v16). native distribution by TDWG level-3 botanical country, and life form. CC BY 3.0. Retrieved 2026-06-04.

We publish what we can source and we say so when we cannot. This page has no care advice and no toxicity claim, because we do not yet have those from a source we can cite.