Viola phalacrocarpaMaxim.

WFO wfo-0001144438 Accepted WFO 2026-06 4 photographs CC BY

Plate 1 figs. a–d · 4 separate observations

Viola phalacrocarpa, photographed by Kim, Hyun-tae
fig. a Kim, Hyun-tae, CC BY 4.0 / 2019-04-21 / obs. 35345131
Viola phalacrocarpa, photographed by Kim, Hyun-tae
fig. b Kim, Hyun-tae, CC BY 4.0 / obs. 35172218
Viola phalacrocarpa, photographed by Kim, Hyun-tae
fig. c Kim, Hyun-tae, CC BY 4.0 / obs. 34263612
Viola phalacrocarpa, photographed by mister_bumble
fig. d mister_bumble, CC BY 4.0 / obs. 186000785

Every figure is a research-grade observation under CC0, CC BY or CC BY-SA, rehosted with the photographer’s name, the licence and the observation it came from. Photographs under a NonCommercial licence are excluded from this site and are never stored, which costs us a great many pictures and is not negotiable.

Native range 5 botanical countries

Regions where Viola phalacrocarpa is native: Inner Mongolia, Japan, Korea, Manchuria, Primorye Inner MongoliaJapanManchuriaPrimorye Korea
Native distribution of Viola phalacrocarpa, after Kew’s World Checklist of Vascular Plants. Introduced, extinct and doubtful records are excluded, so this is where the plant is from, not everywhere it now grows. Regions too small to draw at this scale are marked with a dot.
RegionTDWG codeContinent
Inner Mongolia CHI ASIA-TEMPERATE
Japan JAP
Korea KOR
Manchuria CHM
Primorye PRM

Region boundaries approximated from Natural Earth (public domain) and mapped to TDWG World Geographical Scheme for Recording Plant Distributions (WGSRPD) level-3 botanical countries (Brummitt 2001). Indicative, not the official WGSRPD geometry.

Also published as 8 synonyms

A synonym is not an error. It is a record of botanists disagreeing, in print, about where this plant belongs. Each of these was somebody’s considered answer.

  • Viola conilii Franch. & Sav.
  • Viola ishidoyana Nakai
  • Viola nipponica Makino
  • Viola oudemansii W.Becker
  • Viola phalacrocarpoides Makino
  • Viola pseudoprionantha W.Becker
  • Viola reichii W.Becker
  • Viola seoulensis Nakai

Sourcesevery claim on this page

  1. World Flora Online Plant List. accepted name, authority, classification. CC0. Retrieved 2026-07-12.
  2. iNaturalist. photographs and flowering annotations, CC0 / CC BY / CC BY-SA only. per photograph. Retrieved 2026-06-27.
  3. Kew, World Checklist of Vascular Plants (WCVP v16). native distribution by TDWG level-3 botanical country, and life form. CC BY 3.0. Retrieved 2026-06-04.

We publish what we can source and we say so when we cannot. This page has no care advice and no toxicity claim, because we do not yet have those from a source we can cite.