Veronicastrum virginicum(L.) Farw.

Culver's root

WFO wfo-0000425146 Accepted WFO 2026-06 8 photographs CC0 / CC BY

Plate 1 figs. a–h

Veronicastrum virginicum, photographed by Alby Penney
fig. a Alby Penney, CC0 1.0 / 2021-08-20 / obs. 157060019
Veronicastrum virginicum, photographed by Ryan Sorrells
fig. b Ryan Sorrells, CC BY 4.0 / obs. 153602049
Veronicastrum virginicum, photographed by Thomas Koffel
fig. c Thomas Koffel, CC BY 4.0 / obs. 157029997
Veronicastrum virginicum, photographed by Martyn Drabik-Hamshare
fig. d Martyn Drabik-Hamshare, CC0 1.0 / obs. 144341763
Veronicastrum virginicum, photographed by Summit Metro Parks
fig. e Summit Metro Parks, CC BY 4.0 / obs. 145421437
Veronicastrum virginicum, photographed by mularo1
fig. f mularo1, CC0 1.0 / obs. 146335636
Veronicastrum virginicum, photographed by Eric Schmidt
fig. g Eric Schmidt, CC BY 4.0 / obs. 173259117
Veronicastrum virginicum, photographed by Elias
fig. h Elias, CC BY 4.0 / obs. 144159756

Every figure is a research-grade observation under CC0, CC BY or CC BY-SA, rehosted with the photographer’s name, the licence and the observation it came from. Photographs under a NonCommercial licence are excluded from this site and are never stored, which costs us a great many pictures and is not negotiable.

Flowering n = 838 observations

Peak flowering in Jul, from 838 community-annotated observations worldwide. This is a global aggregate, not a forecast for your garden: the same species flowers on different dates in different hemispheres, and citizen-science records cluster near cities, at weekends, and in spring. Where a species has fewer than 30 annotated records we do not draw this chart at all.

Also published as 35 synonyms

A synonym is not an error. It is a record of botanists disagreeing, in print, about where this plant belongs. Each of these was somebody’s considered answer.

  • Calistachya alba Raf.
  • Callistachya virginica (L.) Raf.
  • Callistachya virginica var. lanceolata Farw.
  • Callistachya virginica var. purpurea (Raf.) Farw.
  • Eustachya alba Raf.
  • Eustachya purpurea Raf.
  • Eustachya villosa (Raf.) Raf.
  • Eustaxia alba Raf.
  • Eustaxia japonica Raf.
  • Eustaxia purpurea (Raf.) Raf.
  • Eustaxia sibirica Raf.
  • Leptandra alba Raf.
  • Leptandra caerulea Raf.
  • Leptandra oppositifolia Raf.
  • Leptandra purpurea (Raf.) Raf.
  • Leptandra villosa Raf.
  • Leptandra virginica (L.) Nutt.
  • Leptandra virginica var. incarnata G.Don
  • Leptandra virginica var. purpurea Pursh ex Eaton
  • Paederota virginica (L.) Torr.
  • Veronica diversifolia Steud.
  • Veronica purpurea Steud.
  • Veronica quinquefolia Stokes
  • Veronica virginica L.

and 11 more.

Sourcesevery claim on this page

  1. World Flora Online Plant List. accepted name, authority, classification. CC0. Retrieved 2026-07-12.
  2. iNaturalist. photographs and flowering annotations, CC0 / CC BY / CC BY-SA only. per photograph. Retrieved 2026-06-27.

We publish what we can source and we say so when we cannot. This page has no care advice, no toxicity claim and no native range, because we do not yet have those from a source we can cite.