Tulipa bifloraPall.

WFO wfo-0000745045 Accepted WFO 2026-06 8 photographs CC0 / CC BY

Plate 1 figs. a–h · 8 separate observations

Tulipa biflora, photographed by Дима Орлов
fig. a Дима Орлов, CC0 1.0 / 2022-03-31 / obs. 185515401
Tulipa biflora, photographed by Svetlana Polevova
fig. b Svetlana Polevova, CC0 1.0 / obs. 73715886
Tulipa biflora, photographed by Vsevolod Rudyi
fig. c Vsevolod Rudyi, CC BY 4.0 / obs. 29216344
Tulipa biflora, photographed by Konstantin Grebennikov
fig. d Konstantin Grebennikov, CC BY 4.0 / obs. 101194747
Tulipa biflora, photographed by Konstantin Grebennikov
fig. e Konstantin Grebennikov, CC BY 4.0 / obs. 101194832
Tulipa biflora, photographed by Konstantin Grebennikov
fig. f Konstantin Grebennikov, CC BY 4.0 / obs. 101194889
Tulipa biflora, photographed by Konstantin Grebennikov
fig. g Konstantin Grebennikov, CC BY 4.0 / obs. 101194864
Tulipa biflora, photographed by Konstantin Grebennikov
fig. h Konstantin Grebennikov, CC BY 4.0 / obs. 101194797

Every figure is a research-grade observation under CC0, CC BY or CC BY-SA, rehosted with the photographer’s name, the licence and the observation it came from. Photographs under a NonCommercial licence are excluded from this site and are never stored, which costs us a great many pictures and is not negotiable.

Native range 23 botanical countries

Regions where Tulipa biflora is native: Egypt, Afghanistan, Iran, Iraq, Kazakhstan, Kirgizstan, Lebanon-Syria, North Caucasus, Palestine, Saudi Arabia, Sinai, Tadzhikistan, Transcaucasus, Türkiye, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan, West Siberia, Xinjiang, Pakistan, East European Russia, Krym, NW. Balkan Pen., South European Russia EgyptAfghanistanIranIraqKazakhstanKirgizstanLebanon-SyriaNorth CaucasusPalestineSaudi ArabiaSinaiTadzhikistanTranscaucasusTürkiyeTurkmenistanUzbekistanWest SiberiaXinjiangPakistanEast European RussiaKrymNW. Balkan Pen.South European Russia
Native distribution of Tulipa biflora, after Kew’s World Checklist of Vascular Plants. Introduced, extinct and doubtful records are excluded, so this is where the plant is from, not everywhere it now grows.
RegionTDWG codeContinent
Afghanistan AFG ASIA-TEMPERATE
Iran IRN
Iraq IRQ
Kazakhstan KAZ
Kirgizstan KGZ
Lebanon-Syria LBS
North Caucasus NCS
Palestine PAL
Saudi Arabia SAU
Sinai SIN
Tadzhikistan TZK
Transcaucasus TCS
Türkiye TUR
Turkmenistan TKM
Uzbekistan UZB
West Siberia WSB
Xinjiang CHX
East European Russia RUE EUROPE
Krym KRY
NW. Balkan Pen. YUG
South European Russia RUS
Egypt EGY AFRICA
Pakistan PAK ASIA-TROPICAL

Region boundaries approximated from Natural Earth (public domain) and mapped to TDWG World Geographical Scheme for Recording Plant Distributions (WGSRPD) level-3 botanical countries (Brummitt 2001). Indicative, not the official WGSRPD geometry.

Flowering 403 in flower of 571 examined

Peak flowering in Feb. Each bar is the share of Tulipa biflora observations in which someone actually recorded the reproductive state and found the plant in flower, not the raw number of flowering records. That distinction matters: people observe plants far more in spring than in winter, so a bare count of flowering records partly measures when people go outside. Dividing by the number examined removes that. 403 of 571 examined observations were in flower, every one of them research grade. The whisker on each bar is a 95% Wilson interval. 6 months have fewer than 5 examined observations, so no proportion is drawn for them. This is still a global aggregate and not a forecast for your garden: the same species flowers on different dates in different hemispheres. Where a species has fewer than 30 flowering records we do not draw this chart at all. Computed from 10.15468/dl.cgje2x.

Where it actually grows measured, from 865 observations

Condition 5th percentile Median 95th percentile
Coldest month, mean daily low -15.2 °C -9.0 °C 1.3 °C
Warmest month, mean daily high 24.8 °C 30.3 °C 33.1 °C
Annual rainfall 137 mm 324 mm 602 mm
Rainfall in the driest quarter 2 mm 61 mm 122 mm

It is found where winters are severely cold. This is not care advice and it is not a forecast. It is a measurement: we sampled the climate at every one of the 865 research-grade observations of Tulipa biflora that carry a coordinate, and this is the range those places actually span. The 5th and 95th percentiles are used rather than the minimum and maximum, because a single cultivated specimen in a heated conservatory should not widen a tropical plant's range to the Arctic.

This is not a hardiness zone. A USDA zone is the average annual extreme minimum temperature. The figure above is the mean daily minimum of the coldest month, which is a different quantity and is typically far warmer. Reading one as the other would place a plant several zones too warm, so we do not publish a hardiness zone, because we do not have one. Climate from CHELSA V2.1 (Karger et al. 2017); occurrences from 10.15468/dl.cgje2x.

Also published as 22 synonyms

A synonym is not an error. It is a record of botanists disagreeing, in print, about where this plant belongs. Each of these was somebody’s considered answer.

  • Liriopogon biflorus (Pall.) Raf.
  • Orithyia biflora (Pall.) Kunth
  • Podonix albiflora Raf.
  • Tulipa androssowii Litv.
  • Tulipa biflora unranked afghanica Tubergen
  • Tulipa biflora var. buhseana (Boiss.) Regel
  • Tulipa biflora var. grandiflora Grossh.
  • Tulipa biflora var. major Boiss.
  • Tulipa binutans Vved.
  • Tulipa bucharica Merckl. ex Boiss.
  • Tulipa buhseana Boiss.
  • Tulipa crispatula Boiss. & Buhse
  • Tulipa halophila Bornm. & Gauba
  • Tulipa humilis var. crispatula (Boiss. & Buhse) Boiss.
  • Tulipa humilis var. ornata Bornm. & Gauba
  • Tulipa koktebelica Junge
  • Tulipa mariannae Lindtner
  • Tulipa polychroma Stapf
  • Tulipa prolongata Vved.
  • Tulipa sogdiana Bunge
  • Tulipa sylvestris var. biflora (Pall.) Ledeb.
  • Tulipa turcomanica B.Fedtsch.

Sourcesevery claim on this page

  1. World Flora Online Plant List. accepted name, authority, classification. CC0. Retrieved 2026-07-12.
  2. iNaturalist. photographs and flowering annotations, CC0 / CC BY / CC BY-SA only. per photograph. Retrieved 2026-06-27.
  3. Kew, World Checklist of Vascular Plants (WCVP v16). native distribution by TDWG level-3 botanical country, and life form. CC BY 3.0. Retrieved 2026-06-04.

We publish what we can source and we say so when we cannot. This page has no care advice and no toxicity claim, because we do not yet have those from a source we can cite.