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  "url": "https://botanai.app/plants/tortula-muralis/",
  "last_modified": "2026-06-03",
  "id": {
    "slug": "tortula-muralis",
    "wfo": "wfo-0001153901",
    "inat_taxon_id": 123498
  },
  "name": {
    "scientific": "Tortula muralis",
    "authorship": "Hedw.",
    "genus": "Tortula",
    "epithet": "muralis",
    "family": "Pottiaceae",
    "rank": "species",
    "taxonomic_status": "accepted",
    "accepted_according_to": "World Flora Online Plant List, 2026-06",
    "is_homonym": false,
    "published_in": "Sp. Musc. Frond.: 123. 1801.",
    "protologue_url": "https://www.bryonames.org/",
    "common": {
      "preferred": "tortula moss",
      "english": [
        "tortula moss"
      ],
      "source": "wikidata"
    },
    "synonyms": [
      {
        "name": "Barbula aestiva",
        "authorship": "(Brid. ex Hedw.) Schultz"
      },
      {
        "name": "Barbula afroinermis",
        "authorship": "Müll.Hal."
      },
      {
        "name": "Barbula annulus",
        "authorship": "Müll.Hal."
      },
      {
        "name": "Barbula binnsii",
        "authorship": "(R.Br.bis) Paris"
      },
      {
        "name": "Barbula chrysoblasta",
        "authorship": "Müll.Hal."
      },
      {
        "name": "Barbula elaphrotricha",
        "authorship": "Müll.Hal."
      },
      {
        "name": "Barbula elaphrotricha var. incana",
        "authorship": "Müll.Hal."
      },
      {
        "name": "Barbula emarginata",
        "authorship": "Dozy & Molk."
      },
      {
        "name": "Barbula gulliveri",
        "authorship": "(R.Br.bis) Paris"
      },
      {
        "name": "Barbula itzigsohnii",
        "authorship": "Hampe"
      },
      {
        "name": "Barbula melbourneana",
        "authorship": "Müll.Hal."
      },
      {
        "name": "Barbula montenegrina",
        "authorship": "Breidl. & Szyszył."
      },
      {
        "name": "Barbula muralis",
        "authorship": "(Hedw.) F.Weber & D.Mohr"
      },
      {
        "name": "Barbula muralis subsp. aestiva",
        "authorship": "(Brid. ex Hedw.) Kindb."
      },
      {
        "name": "Barbula muralis subsp. heribaudii",
        "authorship": "Corb."
      },
      {
        "name": "Barbula muralis subsp. ticinensis",
        "authorship": "(Kindb.) Kindb."
      },
      {
        "name": "Barbula muralis var. aestiva",
        "authorship": "(Brid. ex Hedw.) Röhl."
      },
      {
        "name": "Barbula muralis var. capensis",
        "authorship": "Brid."
      },
      {
        "name": "Barbula muralis var. goettingensis",
        "authorship": "(Brid. ex P.Beauv.) Röhl."
      },
      {
        "name": "Barbula muralis var. heterophylla",
        "authorship": "Piré"
      },
      {
        "name": "Barbula muralis var. incana",
        "authorship": "Bruch & Schimp."
      },
      {
        "name": "Barbula muralis var. microcarpa",
        "authorship": "Huebener"
      },
      {
        "name": "Barbula muralis var. obcordata",
        "authorship": "Schimp."
      },
      {
        "name": "Barbula muralis var. pilosa",
        "authorship": "(Schrad. ex DC.) Wallr."
      },
      {
        "name": "Barbula muralis var. pusilla",
        "authorship": "Rabenh."
      },
      {
        "name": "Barbula muralis var. rupestris",
        "authorship": "Schultz"
      },
      {
        "name": "Barbula muralis var. tenuis",
        "authorship": "Opiz"
      },
      {
        "name": "Barbula muricola",
        "authorship": "Müll.Hal."
      },
      {
        "name": "Barbula submuralis",
        "authorship": "Müll.Hal."
      },
      {
        "name": "Barbula subpulvinata",
        "authorship": "Paris"
      },
      {
        "name": "Barbula ticinensis",
        "authorship": "Kindb."
      },
      {
        "name": "Barbula tortuosa var. aestiva",
        "authorship": "(Brid. ex Hedw.) Gugelb."
      },
      {
        "name": "Bartramia ticinensis",
        "authorship": "(Kindb.) Paris"
      },
      {
        "name": "Bryum murale",
        "authorship": "(Hedw.) With."
      },
      {
        "name": "Desmatodon montenegrinus",
        "authorship": "(Breidl. & Szyszył.) Paris"
      },
      {
        "name": "Desmatodon muralis",
        "authorship": "(Hedw.) Jur."
      },
      {
        "name": "Desmatodon muralis var. aestivus",
        "authorship": "(Brid. ex Hedw.) Jur."
      },
      {
        "name": "Desmatodon muralis var. incanus",
        "authorship": "(Bruch & Schimp.) Jur."
      },
      {
        "name": "Desmatodon muralis var. rupestris",
        "authorship": "(Schultz) Jur."
      },
      {
        "name": "Grimmia crassa",
        "authorship": "Spreng."
      },
      {
        "name": "Syntrichia muralis",
        "authorship": "(Hedw.) Raab"
      },
      {
        "name": "Tortula aestiva",
        "authorship": "(Brid. ex Hedw.) P.Beauv."
      },
      {
        "name": "Tortula aestiva f. terrestris",
        "authorship": "Podp."
      },
      {
        "name": "Tortula aestiva var. brachyrhyncha",
        "authorship": "Warnst."
      },
      {
        "name": "Tortula aestiva var. brevifolia",
        "authorship": "Schiffn."
      },
      {
        "name": "Tortula aestiva var. ticinensis",
        "authorship": "(Kindb.) Limpr."
      },
      {
        "name": "Tortula aestiva var. vulcanicola",
        "authorship": "Schiffn."
      },
      {
        "name": "Tortula annulus",
        "authorship": "(Müll.Hal.) Broth. ex Paris"
      },
      {
        "name": "Tortula baetica",
        "authorship": "(Casas & R.Oliva) J.Guerra & Ros"
      },
      {
        "name": "Tortula binnsii",
        "authorship": "R.Br.bis"
      },
      {
        "name": "Tortula chrysoblasta",
        "authorship": "(Müll.Hal.) Broth. ex Paris"
      },
      {
        "name": "Tortula elaphrotricha",
        "authorship": "(Müll.Hal.) Broth. ex Watts & Whitel."
      },
      {
        "name": "Tortula elaphrotricha var. incana",
        "authorship": "(Müll.Hal.) Watts & Whitel."
      },
      {
        "name": "Tortula emarginata",
        "authorship": "(Dozy & Molk.) Mitt."
      },
      {
        "name": "Tortula goettingensis",
        "authorship": "Brid. ex P.Beauv."
      },
      {
        "name": "Tortula gulliveri",
        "authorship": "R.Br.bis"
      },
      {
        "name": "Tortula hutchinsonii",
        "authorship": "R.Br.bis"
      },
      {
        "name": "Tortula lingulata subsp. montenegrina",
        "authorship": "(Breidl. & Szyszył.) Podp."
      },
      {
        "name": "Tortula melbourneana",
        "authorship": "(Müll.Hal.) Broth."
      },
      {
        "name": "Tortula montenegrina",
        "authorship": "(Breidl. & Szyszył.) Broth."
      },
      {
        "name": "Tortula muralis f. aestiva",
        "authorship": "(Brid. ex Hedw.) F.Koppe"
      },
      {
        "name": "Tortula muralis f. albida",
        "authorship": "(Podp.) Podp."
      },
      {
        "name": "Tortula muralis f. brachyrhyncha",
        "authorship": "(Warnst.) Podp."
      },
      {
        "name": "Tortula muralis f. brevifolia",
        "authorship": "(Schiffn.) Podp."
      },
      {
        "name": "Tortula muralis f. crassicaulis",
        "authorship": "Latzel"
      },
      {
        "name": "Tortula muralis f. dentata",
        "authorship": "Loeske"
      },
      {
        "name": "Tortula muralis f. incana",
        "authorship": "(Bruch & Schimp.) Sapégin"
      },
      {
        "name": "Tortula muralis f. melanocarpa",
        "authorship": "Podp."
      },
      {
        "name": "Tortula muralis f. obcordata",
        "authorship": "(Schimp.) Mönk."
      },
      {
        "name": "Tortula muralis f. rupestris",
        "authorship": "(Schultz) Mönk."
      },
      {
        "name": "Tortula muralis f. terrestris",
        "authorship": "(Podp.) Podp."
      },
      {
        "name": "Tortula muralis subsp. aestiva",
        "authorship": "(Brid. ex Hedw.) Meyl."
      },
      {
        "name": "Tortula muralis subsp. muralis",
        "authorship": null
      },
      {
        "name": "Tortula muralis var. albida",
        "authorship": "Podp."
      },
      {
        "name": "Tortula muralis var. baetica",
        "authorship": "Casas & R.Oliva"
      },
      {
        "name": "Tortula muralis var. brevipedunculata",
        "authorship": "Rehmann ex Sim"
      },
      {
        "name": "Tortula muralis var. calcarea",
        "authorship": "Schiffn. ex Podp."
      },
      {
        "name": "Tortula muralis var. goettingensis",
        "authorship": "(Brid. ex P.Beauv.) Brid."
      },
      {
        "name": "Tortula muralis var. heribaudii",
        "authorship": "(Corb.) Culm."
      },
      {
        "name": "Tortula muralis var. humilis",
        "authorship": "Papp"
      },
      {
        "name": "Tortula muralis var. incana",
        "authorship": "(Bruch & Schimp.) Wilson"
      },
      {
        "name": "Tortula muralis var. longipila",
        "authorship": "Dusén"
      },
      {
        "name": "Tortula muralis var. ovata",
        "authorship": "Podp."
      },
      {
        "name": "Tortula muralis var. rupestris",
        "authorship": "(Schultz) Chevall."
      },
      {
        "name": "Tortula muralis var. sublaevis",
        "authorship": "Latzel"
      },
      {
        "name": "Tortula muralis var. ticinensis",
        "authorship": "(Kindb.) Paris"
      },
      {
        "name": "Tortula muralis var. vernalis",
        "authorship": "Duby"
      },
      {
        "name": "Tortula muralis var. vulcanicola",
        "authorship": "(Schiffn.) Podp."
      },
      {
        "name": "Tortula muricola",
        "authorship": "(Müll.Hal.) Mitt."
      },
      {
        "name": "Tortula pilosa",
        "authorship": "Schrad. ex DC."
      },
      {
        "name": "Tortula pulvinata",
        "authorship": "R.Br.bis"
      },
      {
        "name": "Tortula submuralis",
        "authorship": "(Müll.Hal.) Paris"
      },
      {
        "name": "Trichostomum hutchinsonii",
        "authorship": "R.Br.bis ex Wijk, Margad. & Florsch."
      }
    ],
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tortula_muralis"
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    }
  ],
  "gaps": [
    {
      "field": "care",
      "status": "not_published",
      "reason": "Not published anywhere on this site. Every care claim we could make cheaply would be an unsourced enum, which is what the previous version of this site did and why it was deleted."
    },
    {
      "field": "toxicity",
      "status": "not_published",
      "reason": "Not published. The widely copied list is a copyrighted compilation restricted to noncommercial use, and we will not scrape it. A sourced toxicity dataset is being built from primary literature and is not ready."
    },
    {
      "field": "botanical_review",
      "status": "not_sourced",
      "reason": "No page on this site has been reviewed by a named botanist. The determination label says so, on every page."
    },
    {
      "field": "native_range",
      "status": "not_sourced",
      "reason": "Kew's World Checklist of Vascular Plants does not cover this taxon."
    },
    {
      "field": "phenology",
      "status": "not_sourced",
      "reason": "No dated flowering annotations found for this taxon."
    }
  ],
  "license": {
    "data": "CC BY 4.0",
    "attribution": "BotanAI, https://botanai.app/plants/tortula-muralis/",
    "note": "This document is licensed CC BY 4.0. The PHOTOGRAPHS it links are licensed individually and separately: each carries its own license and license_url, and those terms govern. Underlying taxonomy is CC0 (World Flora Online); native range is CC BY 3.0 (Kew)."
  }
}