{
  "$schema": "https://botanai.app/schema/species-v1.json",
  "schema_version": 1,
  "url": "https://botanai.app/plants/thymus-pulegioides/",
  "last_modified": "2025-12-15",
  "id": {
    "slug": "thymus-pulegioides",
    "wfo": "wfo-0000324607",
    "inat_taxon_id": 169753
  },
  "name": {
    "scientific": "Thymus pulegioides",
    "authorship": "L.",
    "genus": "Thymus",
    "epithet": "pulegioides",
    "family": "Lamiaceae",
    "rank": "species",
    "taxonomic_status": "accepted",
    "accepted_according_to": "World Flora Online Plant List, 2026-06",
    "is_homonym": false,
    "published_in": "Sp. Pl. : 592 (1753)",
    "protologue_url": "https://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:461562-1",
    "common": {
      "preferred": "Large Thyme",
      "english": [
        "Large Thyme",
        "large thyme",
        "lemon thyme"
      ],
      "source": "wikidata"
    },
    "synonyms": [
      {
        "name": "Serpyllum chamaedrys",
        "authorship": "(Fr.) Fourr."
      },
      {
        "name": "Serpyllum lanuginosum",
        "authorship": "(Mill.) Fourr."
      },
      {
        "name": "Thymus alpestris var. praeflorens",
        "authorship": "Ronniger"
      },
      {
        "name": "Thymus amplificatus",
        "authorship": "(Schur) Dalla Torre & Sarnth."
      },
      {
        "name": "Thymus callitrichifolius",
        "authorship": "Sennen"
      },
      {
        "name": "Thymus chamaedrys",
        "authorship": "Fr."
      },
      {
        "name": "Thymus chamaedrys subsp. montanus",
        "authorship": "(Trevir.) Nyman"
      },
      {
        "name": "Thymus chamaedrys var. glabratus",
        "authorship": "(Hoffmanns. & Link) Lange"
      },
      {
        "name": "Thymus chamaedrys var. mughicola",
        "authorship": "Beck"
      },
      {
        "name": "Thymus chamaedrys var. parvifolius",
        "authorship": "Opiz ex Borbás"
      },
      {
        "name": "Thymus chamaedrys var. pulegioides",
        "authorship": "(L.) Nyman"
      },
      {
        "name": "Thymus chamaedrys var. rochelianus",
        "authorship": "(Čelak.) Nyman"
      },
      {
        "name": "Thymus clandestinus",
        "authorship": "Schur"
      },
      {
        "name": "Thymus danubialis",
        "authorship": "(Simonk.) Simonk."
      },
      {
        "name": "Thymus delicatulus",
        "authorship": "Sennen"
      },
      {
        "name": "Thymus effusus",
        "authorship": "Host"
      },
      {
        "name": "Thymus enervius",
        "authorship": "Klokov"
      },
      {
        "name": "Thymus flexicaulis",
        "authorship": "Sennen"
      },
      {
        "name": "Thymus glaber",
        "authorship": "Mill."
      },
      {
        "name": "Thymus glabratus",
        "authorship": "Hoffmanns. & Link"
      },
      {
        "name": "Thymus istriacus",
        "authorship": "Heinr.Braun"
      },
      {
        "name": "Thymus jaquetianus",
        "authorship": "(Ronniger) Debray"
      },
      {
        "name": "Thymus juranyianus",
        "authorship": "Borbás"
      },
      {
        "name": "Thymus lanuginosus",
        "authorship": "Mill."
      },
      {
        "name": "Thymus montanus",
        "authorship": "Waldst. & Kit."
      },
      {
        "name": "Thymus montanus f. punctatus",
        "authorship": "K.Malý"
      },
      {
        "name": "Thymus montanus var. amplificatus",
        "authorship": "Schur"
      },
      {
        "name": "Thymus montanus var. danubialis",
        "authorship": "Simonk."
      },
      {
        "name": "Thymus montanus var. flos-cuculi",
        "authorship": "(Lyka) Ronniger"
      },
      {
        "name": "Thymus mughicola",
        "authorship": "(Beck) Dalla Torre"
      },
      {
        "name": "Thymus oreus",
        "authorship": "Charb."
      },
      {
        "name": "Thymus ovatus",
        "authorship": "Mill."
      },
      {
        "name": "Thymus ovatus subvar. parviflorus",
        "authorship": "Formánek"
      },
      {
        "name": "Thymus pallens",
        "authorship": "Opiz ex Déségl."
      },
      {
        "name": "Thymus pannonicus var. major",
        "authorship": "Gaudin"
      },
      {
        "name": "Thymus parviflorus",
        "authorship": "Opiz"
      },
      {
        "name": "Thymus parvifolius",
        "authorship": "Opiz ex Déségl."
      },
      {
        "name": "Thymus porcii f. cibinensis",
        "authorship": "Guşul."
      },
      {
        "name": "Thymus porcii f. juranyianus",
        "authorship": "(Borbás) Guşul."
      },
      {
        "name": "Thymus praeflorens",
        "authorship": "(Ronniger) G.H.Loos"
      },
      {
        "name": "Thymus pulegioides f. halensis",
        "authorship": "(Lyka) P.A.Schmidt"
      },
      {
        "name": "Thymus pulegioides subsp. chamaedrys",
        "authorship": "(Fr.) Litard."
      },
      {
        "name": "Thymus pulegioides subsp. similialpestris",
        "authorship": "Debray"
      },
      {
        "name": "Thymus pulegioides subsp. ucrainicus",
        "authorship": "Klokov & Des.-Shost."
      },
      {
        "name": "Thymus pulegioides subvar. armoricanus",
        "authorship": "Debray"
      },
      {
        "name": "Thymus pulegioides subvar. courcellei",
        "authorship": "Debray"
      },
      {
        "name": "Thymus pulegioides subvar. espeyracensis",
        "authorship": "Debray"
      },
      {
        "name": "Thymus pulegioides subvar. godardii",
        "authorship": "Debray"
      },
      {
        "name": "Thymus pulegioides subvar. meduanensis",
        "authorship": "Debray"
      },
      {
        "name": "Thymus pulegioides var. adscendens",
        "authorship": "(Wimm. & Grab.) Cáp"
      },
      {
        "name": "Thymus pulegioides var. alsaticus",
        "authorship": "Debray"
      },
      {
        "name": "Thymus pulegioides var. barbulatus",
        "authorship": "(Borbás ex Ronniger) Cáp"
      },
      {
        "name": "Thymus pulegioides var. barbulatus",
        "authorship": "Borbás ex Ronniger"
      },
      {
        "name": "Thymus pulegioides var. calciphilus",
        "authorship": "Debray"
      },
      {
        "name": "Thymus pulegioides var. clandestinus",
        "authorship": "Ronniger"
      },
      {
        "name": "Thymus pulegioides var. danubialis",
        "authorship": "(Simonk.) Ronniger"
      },
      {
        "name": "Thymus pulegioides var. glaber",
        "authorship": "Ronniger"
      },
      {
        "name": "Thymus pulegioides var. imberbis",
        "authorship": "(Lyka) Ronniger"
      },
      {
        "name": "Thymus pulegioides var. istriacus",
        "authorship": "(Heinr.Braun) Ronniger"
      },
      {
        "name": "Thymus pulegioides var. jaquetianus",
        "authorship": "Ronniger"
      },
      {
        "name": "Thymus pulegioides var. parviflorus",
        "authorship": "(Formánek) Ronniger"
      },
      {
        "name": "Thymus pulegioides var. parvifolius",
        "authorship": "(Opiz ex Borbás) P.A.Schmidt"
      },
      {
        "name": "Thymus pulegioides var. praeflorens",
        "authorship": "(Ronniger) P.A.Schmidt"
      },
      {
        "name": "Thymus pulegioides var. prolongatus",
        "authorship": "Ronniger"
      },
      {
        "name": "Thymus pulegioides var. retzianus",
        "authorship": "Debray"
      },
      {
        "name": "Thymus pulegioides var. rupicola",
        "authorship": "Ronniger"
      },
      {
        "name": "Thymus pulegioides var. scleroderma",
        "authorship": "Briq. ex Debray"
      },
      {
        "name": "Thymus pulegioides var. succinifer",
        "authorship": "Ronniger"
      },
      {
        "name": "Thymus pulegioides var. toutonii",
        "authorship": "Debray"
      },
      {
        "name": "Thymus pulegioides var. verbanensis",
        "authorship": "Ronniger ex Debray"
      },
      {
        "name": "Thymus pulegioides var. viridis",
        "authorship": "(Čelak.) P.A.Schmidt"
      },
      {
        "name": "Thymus rochelianus",
        "authorship": "Čelak."
      },
      {
        "name": "Thymus serpyllum f. amarantoides",
        "authorship": "Lyka"
      },
      {
        "name": "Thymus serpyllum f. capitulifer",
        "authorship": "Lyka"
      },
      {
        "name": "Thymus serpyllum f. conglomeratus",
        "authorship": "Lyka"
      },
      {
        "name": "Thymus serpyllum f. csatoi",
        "authorship": "Lyka"
      },
      {
        "name": "Thymus serpyllum f. danubialis",
        "authorship": "(Simonk.) Lyka"
      },
      {
        "name": "Thymus serpyllum f. elatior",
        "authorship": "Lyka"
      },
      {
        "name": "Thymus serpyllum f. eunervius",
        "authorship": "Lyka"
      },
      {
        "name": "Thymus serpyllum f. exiguus",
        "authorship": "Lyka"
      },
      {
        "name": "Thymus serpyllum f. expansus",
        "authorship": "Lyka"
      },
      {
        "name": "Thymus serpyllum f. flos-cuculi",
        "authorship": "Lyka"
      },
      {
        "name": "Thymus serpyllum f. glaber",
        "authorship": "(Mill.) Lyka"
      },
      {
        "name": "Thymus serpyllum f. halensis",
        "authorship": "Lyka"
      },
      {
        "name": "Thymus serpyllum f. idae",
        "authorship": "Lyka"
      },
      {
        "name": "Thymus serpyllum f. imberbis",
        "authorship": "Lyka"
      },
      {
        "name": "Thymus serpyllum f. istriacus",
        "authorship": "(Heinr.Braun) Lyka"
      },
      {
        "name": "Thymus serpyllum f. justinii",
        "authorship": "Lyka"
      },
      {
        "name": "Thymus serpyllum f. longibardus",
        "authorship": "Lyka"
      },
      {
        "name": "Thymus serpyllum f. margittaianus",
        "authorship": "Lyka"
      },
      {
        "name": "Thymus serpyllum f. noricus",
        "authorship": "Lyka"
      },
      {
        "name": "Thymus serpyllum f. ovatus",
        "authorship": "(Mill.) Lyka"
      },
      {
        "name": "Thymus serpyllum f. pallens",
        "authorship": "(Opiz ex Déségl.) Lyka"
      },
      {
        "name": "Thymus serpyllum f. parvifolius",
        "authorship": "(Opiz ex Borbás) Lyka"
      },
      {
        "name": "Thymus serpyllum f. procerus",
        "authorship": "Lyka"
      },
      {
        "name": "Thymus serpyllum f. rochelianus",
        "authorship": "(Čelak.) Lyka"
      },
      {
        "name": "Thymus serpyllum f. sylvestris",
        "authorship": "(Bluff & Fingerh.) Lyka"
      },
      {
        "name": "Thymus serpyllum prol. chamaedrys",
        "authorship": "(Fr.) Rouy"
      },
      {
        "name": "Thymus serpyllum prol. ovatus",
        "authorship": "(Mill.) Rouy"
      },
      {
        "name": "Thymus serpyllum subsp. chamaedrys",
        "authorship": "(Fr.) Schübl. & G.Martens"
      },
      {
        "name": "Thymus serpyllum subsp. effusus",
        "authorship": "(Host) Lyka"
      },
      {
        "name": "Thymus serpyllum subsp. jaquetianus",
        "authorship": "(Ronniger) O.Bolòs & Vigo"
      },
      {
        "name": "Thymus serpyllum subsp. lanuginosus",
        "authorship": "(Mill.) Briq."
      },
      {
        "name": "Thymus serpyllum subsp. lanuginosus",
        "authorship": "P.Fourn."
      },
      {
        "name": "Thymus serpyllum subsp. montanus",
        "authorship": "(Trevir.) Arcang."
      },
      {
        "name": "Thymus serpyllum subsp. ovatus",
        "authorship": "(Mill.) Briq."
      },
      {
        "name": "Thymus serpyllum subsp. parviflorus",
        "authorship": "(Formánek) Lyka"
      },
      {
        "name": "Thymus serpyllum subsp. viridis",
        "authorship": "Čelak."
      },
      {
        "name": "Thymus serpyllum var. adscendens",
        "authorship": "Wimm. & Grab."
      },
      {
        "name": "Thymus serpyllum var. chamaedrys",
        "authorship": "(Fr.) Wahlenb."
      },
      {
        "name": "Thymus serpyllum var. conglomeratus",
        "authorship": "(Lyka) Lyka"
      },
      {
        "name": "Thymus serpyllum var. glaber",
        "authorship": "(Mill.) Lyka"
      },
      {
        "name": "Thymus serpyllum var. helveticus",
        "authorship": "Lyka"
      },
      {
        "name": "Thymus serpyllum var. lanuginosus",
        "authorship": "(Mill.) G.Don"
      },
      {
        "name": "Thymus serpyllum var. miedeanus",
        "authorship": "Lyka"
      },
      {
        "name": "Thymus serpyllum var. minutus",
        "authorship": "Lyka"
      },
      {
        "name": "Thymus serpyllum var. montanus",
        "authorship": "Benth."
      },
      {
        "name": "Thymus serpyllum var. montanus",
        "authorship": "Trevir."
      },
      {
        "name": "Thymus serpyllum var. ovatus",
        "authorship": "(Mill.) Briq."
      },
      {
        "name": "Thymus serpyllum var. pallens",
        "authorship": "(Opiz ex Déségl.) Lyka"
      },
      {
        "name": "Thymus serpyllum var. parviflorus",
        "authorship": "Becker"
      },
      {
        "name": "Thymus serpyllum var. parvifolius",
        "authorship": "(Opiz ex Borbás) Briq."
      },
      {
        "name": "Thymus serpyllum var. praelongus",
        "authorship": "Briq."
      },
      {
        "name": "Thymus serpyllum var. sylvestris",
        "authorship": "Bluff & Fingerh."
      },
      {
        "name": "Thymus sylvestris",
        "authorship": "Schreb."
      },
      {
        "name": "Thymus ucrainicus",
        "authorship": "(Klokov & Des.-Shost.) Klokov"
      }
    ],
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thymus_pulegioides"
  },
  "photographs": {
    "shown": 8,
    "usable_found": 585,
    "licences": [
      "CC0",
      "CC-BY",
      "CC-BY-SA"
    ],
    "noncommercial_excluded": true,
    "items": [
      {
        "photo_id": 203794013,
        "license": "CC-BY",
        "license_name": "CC BY 4.0",
        "license_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
        "derivatives_restricted": false,
        "creator": "Marc Riera",
        "creator_url": "https://www.inaturalist.org/people/marcriera",
        "source_url": "https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/8740f877-e304-4cea-8c8f-877db1995be4",
        "observed_on": "2022-06-06",
        "lat": 41.769,
        "lon": 2.481,
        "original": {
          "width": 1024,
          "height": 768
        },
        "widths": [
          400,
          800
        ],
        "urls": {
          "avif": {
            "400": "https://img.botanai.app/p/203794013/r1/400.avif",
            "800": "https://img.botanai.app/p/203794013/r1/800.avif"
          },
          "jpeg": {
            "400": "https://img.botanai.app/p/203794013/r1/400.jpg",
            "800": "https://img.botanai.app/p/203794013/r1/800.jpg"
          }
        },
        "attribution": "Marc Riera, CC BY 4.0, via iNaturalist"
      },
      {
        "photo_id": 202209054,
        "license": "CC-BY",
        "license_name": "CC BY 4.0",
        "license_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
        "derivatives_restricted": false,
        "creator": "Marco Mussita",
        "creator_url": "https://www.inaturalist.org/people/belvedere04",
        "source_url": "https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/3bc43535-d0ee-49b7-a889-10312f6c48d0",
        "observed_on": "2022-05-31",
        "lat": 45.997,
        "lon": 9.628,
        "original": {
          "width": 1024,
          "height": 768
        },
        "widths": [
          400,
          800
        ],
        "urls": {
          "avif": {
            "400": "https://img.botanai.app/p/202209054/r1/400.avif",
            "800": "https://img.botanai.app/p/202209054/r1/800.avif"
          },
          "jpeg": {
            "400": "https://img.botanai.app/p/202209054/r1/400.jpg",
            "800": "https://img.botanai.app/p/202209054/r1/800.jpg"
          }
        },
        "attribution": "Marco Mussita, CC BY 4.0, via iNaturalist"
      },
      {
        "photo_id": 200746075,
        "license": "CC-BY",
        "license_name": "CC BY 4.0",
        "license_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
        "derivatives_restricted": false,
        "creator": "Todd Patterson",
        "creator_url": "https://www.inaturalist.org/people/toddpatterson",
        "source_url": "https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/2baef0a5-3146-482d-9eb5-fc430e291286",
        "observed_on": "2022-05-26",
        "lat": 48.764,
        "lon": 19.059,
        "original": {
          "width": 1024,
          "height": 768
        },
        "widths": [
          400,
          800
        ],
        "urls": {
          "avif": {
            "400": "https://img.botanai.app/p/200746075/r1/400.avif",
            "800": "https://img.botanai.app/p/200746075/r1/800.avif"
          },
          "jpeg": {
            "400": "https://img.botanai.app/p/200746075/r1/400.jpg",
            "800": "https://img.botanai.app/p/200746075/r1/800.jpg"
          }
        },
        "attribution": "Todd Patterson, CC BY 4.0, via iNaturalist"
      },
      {
        "photo_id": 199109958,
        "license": "CC0",
        "license_name": "CC0 1.0",
        "license_url": "https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/",
        "derivatives_restricted": false,
        "creator": "Branislav Tej",
        "creator_url": "https://www.inaturalist.org/people/branislavtej",
        "source_url": "https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/7b96316b-3ab5-4a62-a0a4-a848d3f99f03",
        "observed_on": "2022-05-20",
        "lat": 49.007,
        "lon": 20.723,
        "original": {
          "width": 1024,
          "height": 768
        },
        "widths": [
          400,
          800
        ],
        "urls": {
          "avif": {
            "400": "https://img.botanai.app/p/199109958/r1/400.avif",
            "800": "https://img.botanai.app/p/199109958/r1/800.avif"
          },
          "jpeg": {
            "400": "https://img.botanai.app/p/199109958/r1/400.jpg",
            "800": "https://img.botanai.app/p/199109958/r1/800.jpg"
          }
        },
        "attribution": "Branislav Tej, CC0 1.0, via iNaturalist"
      },
      {
        "photo_id": 192555960,
        "license": "CC0",
        "license_name": "CC0 1.0",
        "license_url": "https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/",
        "derivatives_restricted": false,
        "creator": "Lynn Harper",
        "creator_url": "https://www.inaturalist.org/people/lynnharper",
        "source_url": "https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/a39c2cae-5785-45f7-8450-788c862e023a",
        "observed_on": "2022-04-30",
        "lat": 42.552,
        "lon": -72.942,
        "original": {
          "width": 1024,
          "height": 768
        },
        "widths": [
          400,
          800
        ],
        "urls": {
          "avif": {
            "400": "https://img.botanai.app/p/192555960/r1/400.avif",
            "800": "https://img.botanai.app/p/192555960/r1/800.avif"
          },
          "jpeg": {
            "400": "https://img.botanai.app/p/192555960/r1/400.jpg",
            "800": "https://img.botanai.app/p/192555960/r1/800.jpg"
          }
        },
        "attribution": "Lynn Harper, CC0 1.0, via iNaturalist"
      },
      {
        "photo_id": 166302167,
        "license": "CC-BY",
        "license_name": "CC BY 4.0",
        "license_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
        "derivatives_restricted": false,
        "creator": "E. A.",
        "creator_url": "https://www.inaturalist.org/people/kupferglucke",
        "source_url": "https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/fef948c8-1a66-4e86-896c-4d3ca334dc0c",
        "observed_on": "2021-10-27",
        "lat": 47.286,
        "lon": 14.792,
        "original": {
          "width": 1024,
          "height": 678
        },
        "widths": [
          400,
          800
        ],
        "urls": {
          "avif": {
            "400": "https://img.botanai.app/p/166302167/r1/400.avif",
            "800": "https://img.botanai.app/p/166302167/r1/800.avif"
          },
          "jpeg": {
            "400": "https://img.botanai.app/p/166302167/r1/400.jpg",
            "800": "https://img.botanai.app/p/166302167/r1/800.jpg"
          }
        },
        "attribution": "E. A., CC BY 4.0, via iNaturalist"
      },
      {
        "photo_id": 166234926,
        "license": "CC-BY",
        "license_name": "CC BY 4.0",
        "license_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
        "derivatives_restricted": false,
        "creator": "Daniel Linzbauer",
        "creator_url": "https://www.inaturalist.org/people/gurucumi",
        "source_url": "https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/821487b1-8c2c-4d40-90e5-0183c82d244a",
        "observed_on": "2021-10-24",
        "lat": 47.253,
        "lon": 15.28,
        "original": {
          "width": 1024,
          "height": 768
        },
        "widths": [
          400,
          800
        ],
        "urls": {
          "avif": {
            "400": "https://img.botanai.app/p/166234926/r1/400.avif",
            "800": "https://img.botanai.app/p/166234926/r1/800.avif"
          },
          "jpeg": {
            "400": "https://img.botanai.app/p/166234926/r1/400.jpg",
            "800": "https://img.botanai.app/p/166234926/r1/800.jpg"
          }
        },
        "attribution": "Daniel Linzbauer, CC BY 4.0, via iNaturalist"
      },
      {
        "photo_id": 162815600,
        "license": "CC-BY-SA",
        "license_name": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
        "license_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/",
        "derivatives_restricted": true,
        "creator": "lejones417",
        "creator_url": "https://www.inaturalist.org/people/lejones417",
        "source_url": "https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/30e15f23-d111-46e3-ac5e-d8842da55964",
        "observed_on": "2021-10-09",
        "lat": 35.192,
        "lon": -111.604,
        "original": {
          "width": 1024,
          "height": 768
        },
        "widths": [
          400,
          800
        ],
        "urls": {
          "avif": {
            "400": "https://img.botanai.app/p/162815600/r1/400.avif",
            "800": "https://img.botanai.app/p/162815600/r1/800.avif"
          },
          "jpeg": {
            "400": "https://img.botanai.app/p/162815600/r1/400.jpg",
            "800": "https://img.botanai.app/p/162815600/r1/800.jpg"
          }
        },
        "attribution": "lejones417, CC BY-SA 4.0, via iNaturalist"
      }
    ]
  },
  "native_range": {
    "scheme": "TDWG World Geographical Scheme for Recording Plant Distributions, level 3",
    "source": "Kew, World Checklist of Vascular Plants (WCVP v16)",
    "license": "CC BY 3.0",
    "excludes": [
      "introduced",
      "extinct",
      "location_doubtful"
    ],
    "codes": [
      "ALB",
      "AUT",
      "BLT",
      "BLR",
      "BGM",
      "BUL",
      "RUC",
      "CZE",
      "DEN",
      "RUE",
      "FIN",
      "FRA",
      "GER",
      "GRB",
      "GRC",
      "HUN",
      "IRE",
      "ITA",
      "YUG",
      "NET",
      "RUW",
      "NOR",
      "POL",
      "POR",
      "ROM",
      "SIC",
      "SPA",
      "SWE",
      "SWI",
      "UKR"
    ],
    "regions": [
      {
        "code": "ALB",
        "name": "Albania",
        "continent": "EUROPE",
        "region": "Southeastern Europe"
      },
      {
        "code": "AUT",
        "name": "Austria",
        "continent": "EUROPE",
        "region": "Middle Europe"
      },
      {
        "code": "BLT",
        "name": "Baltic States",
        "continent": "EUROPE",
        "region": "Eastern Europe"
      },
      {
        "code": "BLR",
        "name": "Belarus",
        "continent": "EUROPE",
        "region": "Eastern Europe"
      },
      {
        "code": "BGM",
        "name": "Belgium",
        "continent": "EUROPE",
        "region": "Middle Europe"
      },
      {
        "code": "BUL",
        "name": "Bulgaria",
        "continent": "EUROPE",
        "region": "Southeastern Europe"
      },
      {
        "code": "RUC",
        "name": "Central European Russia",
        "continent": "EUROPE",
        "region": "Eastern Europe"
      },
      {
        "code": "CZE",
        "name": "Czechia-Slovakia",
        "continent": "EUROPE",
        "region": "Middle Europe"
      },
      {
        "code": "DEN",
        "name": "Denmark",
        "continent": "EUROPE",
        "region": "Northern Europe"
      },
      {
        "code": "RUE",
        "name": "East European Russia",
        "continent": "EUROPE",
        "region": "Eastern Europe"
      },
      {
        "code": "FIN",
        "name": "Finland",
        "continent": "EUROPE",
        "region": "Northern Europe"
      },
      {
        "code": "FRA",
        "name": "France",
        "continent": "EUROPE",
        "region": "Southwestern Europe"
      },
      {
        "code": "GER",
        "name": "Germany",
        "continent": "EUROPE",
        "region": "Middle Europe"
      },
      {
        "code": "GRB",
        "name": "Great Britain",
        "continent": "EUROPE",
        "region": "Northern Europe"
      },
      {
        "code": "GRC",
        "name": "Greece",
        "continent": "EUROPE",
        "region": "Southeastern Europe"
      },
      {
        "code": "HUN",
        "name": "Hungary",
        "continent": "EUROPE",
        "region": "Middle Europe"
      },
      {
        "code": "IRE",
        "name": "Ireland",
        "continent": "EUROPE",
        "region": "Northern Europe"
      },
      {
        "code": "ITA",
        "name": "Italy",
        "continent": "EUROPE",
        "region": "Southeastern Europe"
      },
      {
        "code": "YUG",
        "name": "NW. Balkan Pen.",
        "continent": "EUROPE",
        "region": "Southeastern Europe"
      },
      {
        "code": "NET",
        "name": "Netherlands",
        "continent": "EUROPE",
        "region": "Middle Europe"
      },
      {
        "code": "RUW",
        "name": "Northwest European Russia",
        "continent": "EUROPE",
        "region": "Eastern Europe"
      },
      {
        "code": "NOR",
        "name": "Norway",
        "continent": "EUROPE",
        "region": "Northern Europe"
      },
      {
        "code": "POL",
        "name": "Poland",
        "continent": "EUROPE",
        "region": "Middle Europe"
      },
      {
        "code": "POR",
        "name": "Portugal",
        "continent": "EUROPE",
        "region": "Southwestern Europe"
      },
      {
        "code": "ROM",
        "name": "Romania",
        "continent": "EUROPE",
        "region": "Southeastern Europe"
      },
      {
        "code": "SIC",
        "name": "Sicilia",
        "continent": "EUROPE",
        "region": "Southeastern Europe"
      },
      {
        "code": "SPA",
        "name": "Spain",
        "continent": "EUROPE",
        "region": "Southwestern Europe"
      },
      {
        "code": "SWE",
        "name": "Sweden",
        "continent": "EUROPE",
        "region": "Northern Europe"
      },
      {
        "code": "SWI",
        "name": "Switzerland",
        "continent": "EUROPE",
        "region": "Middle Europe"
      },
      {
        "code": "UKR",
        "name": "Ukraine",
        "continent": "EUROPE",
        "region": "Eastern Europe"
      }
    ]
  },
  "phenology": {
    "n": 462,
    "n_annotated": 491,
    "sufficient": true,
    "by_month": [
      0,
      1,
      0,
      3,
      31,
      72,
      176,
      76,
      48,
      37,
      14,
      4
    ],
    "annotated_by_month": [
      1,
      2,
      1,
      5,
      37,
      77,
      179,
      80,
      51,
      38,
      14,
      6
    ],
    "share": [
      null,
      null,
      null,
      0.6,
      0.8378,
      0.9351,
      0.9832,
      0.95,
      0.9412,
      0.9737,
      1,
      0.6667
    ],
    "ci": [
      null,
      null,
      null,
      [
        0.2307,
        0.8824
      ],
      [
        0.6886,
        0.9235
      ],
      [
        0.8568,
        0.9719
      ],
      [
        0.9519,
        0.9943
      ],
      [
        0.8784,
        0.9804
      ],
      [
        0.8408,
        0.9798
      ],
      [
        0.865,
        0.9953
      ],
      [
        0.7847,
        1
      ],
      [
        0.3,
        0.9032
      ]
    ],
    "peak_month": 11,
    "peak_basis": "share",
    "min_month_n": 5,
    "doi": "10.15468/dl.cgje2x",
    "source": "GBIF SQL download of iNaturalist Research-grade Observations",
    "quality_grade": "research (guaranteed upstream by iNaturalist at export)",
    "fields": {
      "by_month": "observations found IN FLOWER, by month (Jan..Dec)",
      "annotated_by_month": "observations in which a human recorded the reproductive state at all, by month. This is the denominator, and it includes the records that said \"no flowers or fruits\".",
      "share": "by_month / annotated_by_month. null where too few plants were examined to state a proportion.",
      "ci": "95% Wilson score interval on share.",
      "peak_month": "the month with the highest SHARE, not the highest count."
    }
  },
  "traits": {
    "lifeform": "subshrub",
    "climate": "temperate"
  },
  "climate_envelope": {
    "mean_annual_temp_c": {
      "p5": 3.8,
      "median": 7.6,
      "p95": 10.9
    },
    "temp_seasonality": {
      "p5": 565.2,
      "median": 744.1,
      "p95": 1014.7
    },
    "max_temp_warmest_month_c": {
      "p5": 18,
      "median": 22.8,
      "p95": 26.8
    },
    "min_temp_coldest_month_c": {
      "p5": -14.2,
      "median": -6.6,
      "p95": -0.4
    },
    "annual_precip_mm": {
      "p5": 612.5,
      "median": 908.6,
      "p95": 1695.7
    },
    "precip_seasonality": {
      "p5": 10.4,
      "median": 24.2,
      "p95": 42
    },
    "precip_driest_quarter_mm": {
      "p5": 97.7,
      "median": 170.9,
      "p95": 331.7
    },
    "n": 2003,
    "units": {
      "mean_annual_temp_c": "degrees Celsius",
      "min_temp_coldest_month_c": "degrees Celsius (mean daily MINIMUM of the coldest month)",
      "max_temp_warmest_month_c": "degrees Celsius (mean daily MAXIMUM of the warmest month)",
      "annual_precip_mm": "millimetres per year",
      "precip_driest_quarter_mm": "millimetres in the driest quarter"
    },
    "source": "CHELSA V2.1 climatologies 1981-2010, 30 arcsec",
    "citation": "Karger, D.N. et al. (2017) Climatologies at high resolution for the earth's land surface areas. Scientific Data 4, 170122.",
    "occurrences": "iNaturalist Research-grade Observations",
    "occurrences_doi": "10.15468/dl.cgje2x",
    "method": "Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 2003 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.",
    "is_hardiness_zone": false,
    "hardiness_zone_note": "min_temp_coldest_month_c is NOT a USDA hardiness zone. A USDA zone is the average annual EXTREME minimum temperature; this is the mean daily minimum of the coldest month, which is typically about 16 C warmer. Do not present one as the other."
  },
  "identification": {
    "on_device_model": {
      "model": "Google AIY plants V1 (TFLite, 2,102 classes)",
      "identifies_this_species": false
    },
    "in_accuracy_benchmark": false,
    "benchmark_url": "https://botanai.app/accuracy/",
    "confused_with": []
  },
  "sources": [
    {
      "name": "World Flora Online Plant List",
      "note": "accepted name, authority, classification",
      "license": "CC0",
      "url": "https://www.worldfloraonline.org/",
      "retrieved": "2026-07-12"
    },
    {
      "name": "iNaturalist",
      "note": "photographs and flowering annotations, CC0 / CC BY / CC BY-SA only",
      "license": "per photograph",
      "url": "https://www.inaturalist.org/",
      "retrieved": "2026-06-27"
    },
    {
      "name": "Wikidata",
      "note": "common name (P1843), joined on the World Flora Online identifier (P7715)",
      "license": "CC0",
      "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/",
      "retrieved": "2026-07-13"
    },
    {
      "name": "Kew, World Checklist of Vascular Plants (WCVP v16)",
      "note": "native distribution by TDWG level-3 botanical country, and life form",
      "license": "CC BY 3.0",
      "url": "https://doi.org/10.15468/6h8ucr",
      "retrieved": "2026-06-04"
    }
  ],
  "gaps": [
    {
      "field": "care",
      "status": "not_published",
      "reason": "Not published anywhere on this site. Every care claim we could make cheaply would be an unsourced enum, which is what the previous version of this site did and why it was deleted."
    },
    {
      "field": "toxicity",
      "status": "not_published",
      "reason": "Not published. The widely copied list is a copyrighted compilation restricted to noncommercial use, and we will not scrape it. A sourced toxicity dataset is being built from primary literature and is not ready."
    },
    {
      "field": "botanical_review",
      "status": "not_sourced",
      "reason": "No page on this site has been reviewed by a named botanist. The determination label says so, on every page."
    },
    {
      "field": "hardiness_zone",
      "status": "not_published",
      "reason": "Not published for any species. A USDA hardiness zone is the average annual EXTREME minimum temperature, and we hold the mean daily minimum of the coldest month, which is a different quantity and typically about 16 C warmer. Presenting one as the other would place a plant several zones too warm, so we do not publish a zone at all."
    }
  ],
  "license": {
    "data": "CC BY 4.0",
    "attribution": "BotanAI, https://botanai.app/plants/thymus-pulegioides/",
    "note": "This document is licensed CC BY 4.0. The PHOTOGRAPHS it links are licensed individually and separately: each carries its own license and license_url, and those terms govern. Underlying taxonomy is CC0 (World Flora Online); native range is CC BY 3.0 (Kew)."
  }
}