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  "schema_version": 1,
  "url": "https://botanai.app/plants/themeda-triandra/",
  "last_modified": "2024-06-04",
  "id": {
    "slug": "themeda-triandra",
    "wfo": "wfo-0000903590",
    "inat_taxon_id": 208571
  },
  "name": {
    "scientific": "Themeda triandra",
    "authorship": "Forssk.",
    "genus": "Themeda",
    "epithet": "triandra",
    "family": "Poaceae",
    "rank": "species",
    "taxonomic_status": "accepted",
    "accepted_according_to": "World Flora Online Plant List, 2026-06",
    "is_homonym": false,
    "published_in": "Fl. Aegypt.-Arab. : 178 (1775)",
    "protologue_url": "https://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:424213-1",
    "common": {
      "preferred": "Red grass",
      "english": [
        "Red grass",
        "kangaroo grass"
      ],
      "source": "wikidata"
    },
    "synonyms": [
      {
        "name": "Andropogon ciliatus",
        "authorship": "Thunb."
      },
      {
        "name": "Andropogon tenuipedicellatus",
        "authorship": "Steud."
      },
      {
        "name": "Anthistiria argentea",
        "authorship": "Nees"
      },
      {
        "name": "Anthistiria arguens var. japonica",
        "authorship": "(Willd.) Andersson"
      },
      {
        "name": "Anthistiria australis",
        "authorship": "R.Br."
      },
      {
        "name": "Anthistiria barbata",
        "authorship": "Desf."
      },
      {
        "name": "Anthistiria brachyantha",
        "authorship": "Boiss."
      },
      {
        "name": "Anthistiria caespitosa",
        "authorship": "Andersson"
      },
      {
        "name": "Anthistiria ciliata",
        "authorship": "Cav. ex Spreng."
      },
      {
        "name": "Anthistiria ciliata var. brachyantha",
        "authorship": "(Boiss.) Boiss."
      },
      {
        "name": "Anthistiria ciliata var. burchellii",
        "authorship": "(Hack.) Hack."
      },
      {
        "name": "Anthistiria ciliata var. mollicoma",
        "authorship": "Nees"
      },
      {
        "name": "Anthistiria ciliata var. syriaca",
        "authorship": "(Boiss.) Boiss."
      },
      {
        "name": "Anthistiria cuspidata",
        "authorship": "Andersson"
      },
      {
        "name": "Anthistiria depauperata",
        "authorship": "Andersson"
      },
      {
        "name": "Anthistiria desfontainii",
        "authorship": "Kunth"
      },
      {
        "name": "Anthistiria forskaolii",
        "authorship": "Kunth"
      },
      {
        "name": "Anthistiria glauca",
        "authorship": "Desf."
      },
      {
        "name": "Anthistiria imberbis",
        "authorship": "Retz."
      },
      {
        "name": "Anthistiria imberbis var. argentea",
        "authorship": "(Nees) Stapf"
      },
      {
        "name": "Anthistiria imberbis var. burchellii",
        "authorship": "(Hack.) Stapf"
      },
      {
        "name": "Anthistiria imberbis var. mollicoma",
        "authorship": "(Nees) Stapf"
      },
      {
        "name": "Anthistiria imberbis var. roylei",
        "authorship": "Hook.f."
      },
      {
        "name": "Anthistiria imberbis var. vulgaris",
        "authorship": "(Hack.) Hook.f."
      },
      {
        "name": "Anthistiria japonica",
        "authorship": "Willd."
      },
      {
        "name": "Anthistiria paleacea",
        "authorship": "(Poir.) Ball"
      },
      {
        "name": "Anthistiria polystachya",
        "authorship": "Roxb."
      },
      {
        "name": "Anthistiria puberula",
        "authorship": "Andersson"
      },
      {
        "name": "Anthistiria punctata",
        "authorship": "Hochst. ex A.Rich."
      },
      {
        "name": "Anthistiria subglabra",
        "authorship": "Buse"
      },
      {
        "name": "Anthistiria syriaca",
        "authorship": "Boiss."
      },
      {
        "name": "Anthistiria vulgaris",
        "authorship": "Hack."
      },
      {
        "name": "Apluda barbata",
        "authorship": "Llanos"
      },
      {
        "name": "Apluda imberbis",
        "authorship": "Steud."
      },
      {
        "name": "Calamina imberbis",
        "authorship": "(Retz.) P.Beauv."
      },
      {
        "name": "Calamina imberbis",
        "authorship": "(Retz.) Roem. & Schult."
      },
      {
        "name": "Stipa arguens var. japonica",
        "authorship": "Houtt."
      },
      {
        "name": "Stipa paleacea",
        "authorship": "Poir."
      },
      {
        "name": "Themeda australis",
        "authorship": "(R.Br.) Stapf"
      },
      {
        "name": "Themeda barbata",
        "authorship": "(Desf.) Veldkamp"
      },
      {
        "name": "Themeda barbinodis",
        "authorship": "B.S.Sun & S.Wang"
      },
      {
        "name": "Themeda brachyantha",
        "authorship": "(Boiss.) Trab."
      },
      {
        "name": "Themeda forskalii",
        "authorship": "Hack."
      },
      {
        "name": "Themeda forskalii subvar. japonica",
        "authorship": "(Andersson) Hack."
      },
      {
        "name": "Themeda forskalii subvar. subglobosa",
        "authorship": "Hack."
      },
      {
        "name": "Themeda forskalii var. argentea",
        "authorship": "(Nees) Hack."
      },
      {
        "name": "Themeda forskalii var. brachyantha",
        "authorship": "(Boiss.) Hack."
      },
      {
        "name": "Themeda forskalii var. burchellii",
        "authorship": "Hack."
      },
      {
        "name": "Themeda forskalii var. glauca",
        "authorship": "Hack."
      },
      {
        "name": "Themeda forskalii var. major",
        "authorship": "Hack."
      },
      {
        "name": "Themeda forskalii var. mollissima",
        "authorship": "Hack."
      },
      {
        "name": "Themeda forskalii var. paleacea",
        "authorship": "(Poir.) T.Durand & Schinz"
      },
      {
        "name": "Themeda forskalii var. punctata",
        "authorship": "(Hochst. ex A.Rich.) Hack."
      },
      {
        "name": "Themeda forskalii var. syriaca",
        "authorship": "(Boiss.) Hack."
      },
      {
        "name": "Themeda forskallii var. imberbis",
        "authorship": "(Retz.) Hack."
      },
      {
        "name": "Themeda forskallii var. vulgaris",
        "authorship": "(Hack.) Hack."
      },
      {
        "name": "Themeda glauca",
        "authorship": "Trab."
      },
      {
        "name": "Themeda imberbis",
        "authorship": "(Retz.) T.Cooke"
      },
      {
        "name": "Themeda japonica",
        "authorship": "(Andersson) Tanaka"
      },
      {
        "name": "Themeda japonica var. viridiflora",
        "authorship": "Honda"
      },
      {
        "name": "Themeda polygama",
        "authorship": "J.F.Gmel."
      },
      {
        "name": "Themeda triandra subsp. japonica",
        "authorship": "(Andersson) T.Koyama"
      },
      {
        "name": "Themeda triandra var. brachyantha",
        "authorship": "(Boiss.) Hack."
      },
      {
        "name": "Themeda triandra var. bracteosa",
        "authorship": "Peter"
      },
      {
        "name": "Themeda triandra var. burchellii",
        "authorship": "(Hack.) Domin"
      },
      {
        "name": "Themeda triandra var. glauca",
        "authorship": "(Hack.) Thell."
      },
      {
        "name": "Themeda triandra var. hispida",
        "authorship": "Stapf"
      },
      {
        "name": "Themeda triandra var. imberbis",
        "authorship": "(Retz.) Hack."
      },
      {
        "name": "Themeda triandra var. japonica",
        "authorship": "(Houtt.) Makino"
      },
      {
        "name": "Themeda triandra var. punctata",
        "authorship": "(A.Rich.) Stapf"
      },
      {
        "name": "Themeda triandra var. roylei",
        "authorship": "(Hook.f.) Domin"
      },
      {
        "name": "Themeda triandra var. sublaevigata",
        "authorship": "Chiov."
      },
      {
        "name": "Themeda triandra var. syriaca",
        "authorship": "(Boiss.) Hack."
      },
      {
        "name": "Themeda triandra var. trachyspathea",
        "authorship": "Gooss."
      },
      {
        "name": "Themeda triandra var. vulgaris",
        "authorship": "(Hack.) Domin"
      },
      {
        "name": "Themeda unica",
        "authorship": "S.L.Chen & T.D.Zhuang"
      }
    ],
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Themeda_triandra"
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        "code": "CAF",
        "name": "Central African Republic",
        "continent": "AFRICA",
        "region": "West-Central Tropical Africa"
      },
      {
        "code": "CHA",
        "name": "Chad",
        "continent": "AFRICA",
        "region": "Northeast Tropical Africa"
      },
      {
        "code": "ZAI",
        "name": "DR Congo",
        "continent": "AFRICA",
        "region": "West-Central Tropical Africa"
      },
      {
        "code": "DJI",
        "name": "Djibouti",
        "continent": "AFRICA",
        "region": "Northeast Tropical Africa"
      },
      {
        "code": "EGY",
        "name": "Egypt",
        "continent": "AFRICA",
        "region": "Northern Africa"
      },
      {
        "code": "ERI",
        "name": "Eritrea",
        "continent": "AFRICA",
        "region": "Northeast Tropical Africa"
      },
      {
        "code": "SWZ",
        "name": "Eswatini",
        "continent": "AFRICA",
        "region": "Southern Africa"
      },
      {
        "code": "ETH",
        "name": "Ethiopia",
        "continent": "AFRICA",
        "region": "Northeast Tropical Africa"
      },
      {
        "code": "OFS",
        "name": "Free State",
        "continent": "AFRICA",
        "region": "Southern Africa"
      },
      {
        "code": "GHA",
        "name": "Ghana",
        "continent": "AFRICA",
        "region": "West Tropical Africa"
      },
      {
        "code": "GUI",
        "name": "Guinea",
        "continent": "AFRICA",
        "region": "West Tropical Africa"
      },
      {
        "code": "IVO",
        "name": "Ivory Coast",
        "continent": "AFRICA",
        "region": "West Tropical Africa"
      },
      {
        "code": "KEN",
        "name": "Kenya",
        "continent": "AFRICA",
        "region": "East Tropical Africa"
      },
      {
        "code": "NAT",
        "name": "KwaZulu-Natal",
        "continent": "AFRICA",
        "region": "Southern Africa"
      },
      {
        "code": "LES",
        "name": "Lesotho",
        "continent": "AFRICA",
        "region": "Southern Africa"
      },
      {
        "code": "MDG",
        "name": "Madagascar",
        "continent": "AFRICA",
        "region": "Western Indian Ocean"
      },
      {
        "code": "MLW",
        "name": "Malawi",
        "continent": "AFRICA",
        "region": "South Tropical Africa"
      },
      {
        "code": "MLI",
        "name": "Mali",
        "continent": "AFRICA",
        "region": "West Tropical Africa"
      },
      {
        "code": "MOR",
        "name": "Morocco",
        "continent": "AFRICA",
        "region": "Northern Africa"
      },
      {
        "code": "MOZ",
        "name": "Mozambique",
        "continent": "AFRICA",
        "region": "South Tropical Africa"
      },
      {
        "code": "NAM",
        "name": "Namibia",
        "continent": "AFRICA",
        "region": "Southern Africa"
      },
      {
        "code": "NGA",
        "name": "Nigeria",
        "continent": "AFRICA",
        "region": "West Tropical Africa"
      },
      {
        "code": "TVL",
        "name": "Northern Provinces",
        "continent": "AFRICA",
        "region": "Southern Africa"
      },
      {
        "code": "RWA",
        "name": "Rwanda",
        "continent": "AFRICA",
        "region": "West-Central Tropical Africa"
      },
      {
        "code": "SEN",
        "name": "Senegal",
        "continent": "AFRICA",
        "region": "West Tropical Africa"
      },
      {
        "code": "SOC",
        "name": "Socotra",
        "continent": "AFRICA",
        "region": "Northeast Tropical Africa"
      },
      {
        "code": "SOM",
        "name": "Somalia",
        "continent": "AFRICA",
        "region": "Northeast Tropical Africa"
      },
      {
        "code": "SUD",
        "name": "Sudan-South Sudan",
        "continent": "AFRICA",
        "region": "Northeast Tropical Africa"
      },
      {
        "code": "TAN",
        "name": "Tanzania",
        "continent": "AFRICA",
        "region": "East Tropical Africa"
      },
      {
        "code": "TUN",
        "name": "Tunisia",
        "continent": "AFRICA",
        "region": "Northern Africa"
      },
      {
        "code": "UGA",
        "name": "Uganda",
        "continent": "AFRICA",
        "region": "East Tropical Africa"
      },
      {
        "code": "ZAM",
        "name": "Zambia",
        "continent": "AFRICA",
        "region": "South Tropical Africa"
      },
      {
        "code": "ZIM",
        "name": "Zimbabwe",
        "continent": "AFRICA",
        "region": "South Tropical Africa"
      },
      {
        "code": "CHN",
        "name": "China North-Central",
        "continent": "ASIA-TEMPERATE",
        "region": "China"
      },
      {
        "code": "CHC",
        "name": "China South-Central",
        "continent": "ASIA-TEMPERATE",
        "region": "China"
      },
      {
        "code": "CHS",
        "name": "China Southeast",
        "continent": "ASIA-TEMPERATE",
        "region": "China"
      },
      {
        "code": "CHH",
        "name": "Hainan",
        "continent": "ASIA-TEMPERATE",
        "region": "China"
      },
      {
        "code": "CHI",
        "name": "Inner Mongolia",
        "continent": "ASIA-TEMPERATE",
        "region": "China"
      },
      {
        "code": "JAP",
        "name": "Japan",
        "continent": "ASIA-TEMPERATE",
        "region": "Eastern Asia"
      },
      {
        "code": "KOR",
        "name": "Korea",
        "continent": "ASIA-TEMPERATE",
        "region": "Eastern Asia"
      },
      {
        "code": "LBS",
        "name": "Lebanon-Syria",
        "continent": "ASIA-TEMPERATE",
        "region": "Western Asia"
      },
      {
        "code": "NNS",
        "name": "Nansei-shoto",
        "continent": "ASIA-TEMPERATE",
        "region": "Eastern Asia"
      },
      {
        "code": "SAU",
        "name": "Saudi Arabia",
        "continent": "ASIA-TEMPERATE",
        "region": "Arabian Peninsula"
      },
      {
        "code": "TAI",
        "name": "Taiwan",
        "continent": "ASIA-TEMPERATE",
        "region": "Eastern Asia"
      },
      {
        "code": "CHT",
        "name": "Tibet",
        "continent": "ASIA-TEMPERATE",
        "region": "China"
      },
      {
        "code": "TUR",
        "name": "Türkiye",
        "continent": "ASIA-TEMPERATE",
        "region": "Western Asia"
      },
      {
        "code": "YEM",
        "name": "Yemen",
        "continent": "ASIA-TEMPERATE",
        "region": "Arabian Peninsula"
      },
      {
        "code": "AND",
        "name": "Andaman Is.",
        "continent": "ASIA-TROPICAL",
        "region": "Indo-China"
      },
      {
        "code": "ASS",
        "name": "Assam",
        "continent": "ASIA-TROPICAL",
        "region": "Indian Subcontinent"
      },
      {
        "code": "BAN",
        "name": "Bangladesh",
        "continent": "ASIA-TROPICAL",
        "region": "Indian Subcontinent"
      },
      {
        "code": "EHM",
        "name": "East Himalaya",
        "continent": "ASIA-TROPICAL",
        "region": "Indian Subcontinent"
      },
      {
        "code": "IND",
        "name": "India",
        "continent": "ASIA-TROPICAL",
        "region": "Indian Subcontinent"
      },
      {
        "code": "JAW",
        "name": "Jawa",
        "continent": "ASIA-TROPICAL",
        "region": "Malesia"
      },
      {
        "code": "LAO",
        "name": "Laos",
        "continent": "ASIA-TROPICAL",
        "region": "Indo-China"
      },
      {
        "code": "LSI",
        "name": "Lesser Sunda Is.",
        "continent": "ASIA-TROPICAL",
        "region": "Malesia"
      },
      {
        "code": "MLY",
        "name": "Malaya",
        "continent": "ASIA-TROPICAL",
        "region": "Malesia"
      },
      {
        "code": "MOL",
        "name": "Maluku",
        "continent": "ASIA-TROPICAL",
        "region": "Malesia"
      },
      {
        "code": "MYA",
        "name": "Myanmar",
        "continent": "ASIA-TROPICAL",
        "region": "Indo-China"
      },
      {
        "code": "NEP",
        "name": "Nepal",
        "continent": "ASIA-TROPICAL",
        "region": "Indian Subcontinent"
      },
      {
        "code": "NWG",
        "name": "New Guinea",
        "continent": "ASIA-TROPICAL",
        "region": "Papuasia"
      },
      {
        "code": "NCB",
        "name": "Nicobar Is.",
        "continent": "ASIA-TROPICAL",
        "region": "Indo-China"
      },
      {
        "code": "PAK",
        "name": "Pakistan",
        "continent": "ASIA-TROPICAL",
        "region": "Indian Subcontinent"
      },
      {
        "code": "PHI",
        "name": "Philippines",
        "continent": "ASIA-TROPICAL",
        "region": "Malesia"
      },
      {
        "code": "SRL",
        "name": "Sri Lanka",
        "continent": "ASIA-TROPICAL",
        "region": "Indian Subcontinent"
      },
      {
        "code": "SUL",
        "name": "Sulawesi",
        "continent": "ASIA-TROPICAL",
        "region": "Malesia"
      },
      {
        "code": "SUM",
        "name": "Sumatera",
        "continent": "ASIA-TROPICAL",
        "region": "Malesia"
      },
      {
        "code": "THA",
        "name": "Thailand",
        "continent": "ASIA-TROPICAL",
        "region": "Indo-China"
      },
      {
        "code": "VIE",
        "name": "Vietnam",
        "continent": "ASIA-TROPICAL",
        "region": "Indo-China"
      },
      {
        "code": "WHM",
        "name": "West Himalaya",
        "continent": "ASIA-TROPICAL",
        "region": "Indian Subcontinent"
      },
      {
        "code": "NSW",
        "name": "New South Wales",
        "continent": "AUSTRALASIA",
        "region": "Australia"
      },
      {
        "code": "NTA",
        "name": "Northern Territory",
        "continent": "AUSTRALASIA",
        "region": "Australia"
      },
      {
        "code": "QLD",
        "name": "Queensland",
        "continent": "AUSTRALASIA",
        "region": "Australia"
      },
      {
        "code": "SOA",
        "name": "South Australia",
        "continent": "AUSTRALASIA",
        "region": "Australia"
      },
      {
        "code": "TAS",
        "name": "Tasmania",
        "continent": "AUSTRALASIA",
        "region": "Australia"
      },
      {
        "code": "VIC",
        "name": "Victoria",
        "continent": "AUSTRALASIA",
        "region": "Australia"
      },
      {
        "code": "WAU",
        "name": "Western Australia",
        "continent": "AUSTRALASIA",
        "region": "Australia"
      }
    ]
  },
  "phenology": {
    "n": 215,
    "n_annotated": 506,
    "sufficient": true,
    "by_month": [
      12,
      5,
      11,
      10,
      7,
      5,
      4,
      9,
      24,
      23,
      64,
      41
    ],
    "annotated_by_month": [
      47,
      43,
      25,
      44,
      20,
      20,
      17,
      20,
      48,
      51,
      92,
      79
    ],
    "share": [
      0.2553,
      0.1163,
      0.44,
      0.2273,
      0.35,
      0.25,
      0.2353,
      0.45,
      0.5,
      0.451,
      0.6957,
      0.519
    ],
    "ci": [
      [
        0.1525,
        0.3951
      ],
      [
        0.0507,
        0.2448
      ],
      [
        0.2667,
        0.6293
      ],
      [
        0.1284,
        0.3699
      ],
      [
        0.1812,
        0.5671
      ],
      [
        0.1119,
        0.4687
      ],
      [
        0.0955,
        0.4726
      ],
      [
        0.2582,
        0.6579
      ],
      [
        0.3639,
        0.6361
      ],
      [
        0.3227,
        0.5862
      ],
      [
        0.5954,
        0.7803
      ],
      [
        0.4105,
        0.6257
      ]
    ],
    "peak_month": 11,
    "peak_basis": "share",
    "min_month_n": 5,
    "fruiting": {
      "n": 279,
      "by_month": [
        35,
        36,
        11,
        34,
        13,
        12,
        12,
        10,
        20,
        26,
        28,
        42
      ],
      "share": [
        0.7447,
        0.8372,
        0.44,
        0.7727,
        0.65,
        0.6,
        0.7059,
        0.5,
        0.4167,
        0.5098,
        0.3043,
        0.5316
      ],
      "ci": [
        [
          0.6049,
          0.8475
        ],
        [
          0.7003,
          0.9188
        ],
        [
          0.2667,
          0.6293
        ],
        [
          0.6301,
          0.8716
        ],
        [
          0.4329,
          0.8188
        ],
        [
          0.3866,
          0.7812
        ],
        [
          0.4687,
          0.8672
        ],
        [
          0.2993,
          0.7007
        ],
        [
          0.2885,
          0.5572
        ],
        [
          0.3768,
          0.6414
        ],
        [
          0.2197,
          0.4046
        ],
        [
          0.4227,
          0.6376
        ]
      ],
      "peak_month": 2
    },
    "doi": "10.15468/dl.cgje2x",
    "source": "GBIF SQL download of iNaturalist Research-grade Observations",
    "quality_grade": "research (guaranteed upstream by iNaturalist at export)",
    "fields": {
      "by_month": "observations found IN FLOWER, by month (Jan..Dec)",
      "annotated_by_month": "observations in which a human recorded the reproductive state at all, by month. This is the denominator, and it includes the records that said \"no flowers or fruits\".",
      "share": "by_month / annotated_by_month. null where too few plants were examined to state a proportion.",
      "ci": "95% Wilson score interval on share.",
      "peak_month": "the month with the highest SHARE, not the highest count."
    }
  },
  "traits": {
    "lifeform": "perennial",
    "climate": "seasonally dry tropical"
  },
  "climate_envelope": {
    "mean_annual_temp_c": {
      "p5": 11.9,
      "median": 14.7,
      "p95": 20.8
    },
    "temp_seasonality": {
      "p5": 251.6,
      "median": 365.9,
      "p95": 531.4
    },
    "max_temp_warmest_month_c": {
      "p5": 21.2,
      "median": 25.4,
      "p95": 30.4
    },
    "min_temp_coldest_month_c": {
      "p5": 1,
      "median": 6.1,
      "p95": 11.9
    },
    "annual_precip_mm": {
      "p5": 444,
      "median": 784.6,
      "p95": 1380.9
    },
    "precip_seasonality": {
      "p5": 13.7,
      "median": 31.8,
      "p95": 80.1
    },
    "precip_driest_quarter_mm": {
      "p5": 20.1,
      "median": 118.2,
      "p95": 195.7
    },
    "n": 1994,
    "units": {
      "mean_annual_temp_c": "degrees Celsius",
      "min_temp_coldest_month_c": "degrees Celsius (mean daily MINIMUM of the coldest month)",
      "max_temp_warmest_month_c": "degrees Celsius (mean daily MAXIMUM of the warmest month)",
      "annual_precip_mm": "millimetres per year",
      "precip_driest_quarter_mm": "millimetres in the driest quarter"
    },
    "source": "CHELSA V2.1 climatologies 1981-2010, 30 arcsec",
    "citation": "Karger, D.N. et al. (2017) Climatologies at high resolution for the earth's land surface areas. Scientific Data 4, 170122.",
    "occurrences": "iNaturalist Research-grade Observations",
    "occurrences_doi": "10.15468/dl.cgje2x",
    "method": "Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 1994 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.",
    "is_hardiness_zone": false,
    "hardiness_zone_note": "min_temp_coldest_month_c is NOT a USDA hardiness zone. A USDA zone is the average annual EXTREME minimum temperature; this is the mean daily minimum of the coldest month, which is typically about 16 C warmer. Do not present one as the other."
  },
  "identification": {
    "on_device_model": {
      "model": "Google AIY plants V1 (TFLite, 2,102 classes)",
      "identifies_this_species": false
    },
    "in_accuracy_benchmark": false,
    "benchmark_url": "https://botanai.app/accuracy/",
    "confused_with": []
  },
  "sources": [
    {
      "name": "World Flora Online Plant List",
      "note": "accepted name, authority, classification",
      "license": "CC0",
      "url": "https://www.worldfloraonline.org/",
      "retrieved": "2026-07-12"
    },
    {
      "name": "iNaturalist",
      "note": "photographs and flowering annotations, CC0 / CC BY / CC BY-SA only",
      "license": "per photograph",
      "url": "https://www.inaturalist.org/",
      "retrieved": "2026-06-27"
    },
    {
      "name": "Wikidata",
      "note": "common name (P1843), joined on the World Flora Online identifier (P7715)",
      "license": "CC0",
      "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/",
      "retrieved": "2026-07-13"
    },
    {
      "name": "Kew, World Checklist of Vascular Plants (WCVP v16)",
      "note": "native distribution by TDWG level-3 botanical country, and life form",
      "license": "CC BY 3.0",
      "url": "https://doi.org/10.15468/6h8ucr",
      "retrieved": "2026-06-04"
    }
  ],
  "gaps": [
    {
      "field": "care",
      "status": "not_published",
      "reason": "Not published anywhere on this site. Every care claim we could make cheaply would be an unsourced enum, which is what the previous version of this site did and why it was deleted."
    },
    {
      "field": "toxicity",
      "status": "not_published",
      "reason": "Not published. The widely copied list is a copyrighted compilation restricted to noncommercial use, and we will not scrape it. A sourced toxicity dataset is being built from primary literature and is not ready."
    },
    {
      "field": "botanical_review",
      "status": "not_sourced",
      "reason": "No page on this site has been reviewed by a named botanist. The determination label says so, on every page."
    },
    {
      "field": "hardiness_zone",
      "status": "not_published",
      "reason": "Not published for any species. A USDA hardiness zone is the average annual EXTREME minimum temperature, and we hold the mean daily minimum of the coldest month, which is a different quantity and typically about 16 C warmer. Presenting one as the other would place a plant several zones too warm, so we do not publish a zone at all."
    }
  ],
  "license": {
    "data": "CC BY 4.0",
    "attribution": "BotanAI, https://botanai.app/plants/themeda-triandra/",
    "note": "This document is licensed CC BY 4.0. The PHOTOGRAPHS it links are licensed individually and separately: each carries its own license and license_url, and those terms govern. Underlying taxonomy is CC0 (World Flora Online); native range is CC BY 3.0 (Kew)."
  }
}