{ "$schema": "https://botanai.app/schema/species-v1.json", "schema_version": 1, "url": "https://botanai.app/plants/thelocactus-leucacanthus/", "last_modified": "2025-11-13", "id": { "slug": "thelocactus-leucacanthus", "wfo": "wfo-0001256540", "inat_taxon_id": 207147 }, "name": { "scientific": "Thelocactus leucacanthus", "authorship": "(Zucc. ex Pfeiff.) 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N.P.Taylor" }, { "name": "Mammillaria maelenii", "authorship": "Salm-Dyck" }, { "name": "Thelocactus ehrenbergii", "authorship": "(Pfeiff.) F.M.Knuth" }, { "name": "Thelocactus leucacanthus subsp. leucacanthus", "authorship": null }, { "name": "Thelocactus leucacanthus subsp. schmollii", "authorship": "(Werderm.) Mosco & Zanov." }, { "name": "Thelocactus leucacanthus var. ehrenbergii", "authorship": "(Pfeiff.) Bravo" }, { "name": "Thelocactus leucacanthus var. porrectus", "authorship": "(Lem.) Backeb." }, { "name": "Thelocactus leucacanthus var. sanchezmejoradae", "authorship": "(J.Meyrán) Backeb." }, { "name": "Thelocactus leucacanthus var. schmollii", "authorship": "Werderm." }, { "name": "Thelocactus porrectus", "authorship": "(Lem.) 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"https://img.botanai.app/p/130445884/r1/400.jpg", "800": "https://img.botanai.app/p/130445884/r1/800.jpg" } }, "attribution": "José Belem Hernández Díaz, CC BY 4.0, via iNaturalist" }, { "photo_id": 137217486, "license": "CC-BY", "license_name": "CC BY 4.0", "license_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/", "derivatives_restricted": false, "creator": "José Belem Hernández Díaz", "creator_url": "https://www.inaturalist.org/people/belemqueuedelapin", "source_url": "https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/c3b3c9e9-022c-4a7f-8f81-20ba684ab824", "observed_on": "2021-06-17", "lat": 20.623, "lon": -99.885, "original": { "width": 1024, "height": 683 }, "widths": [ 400, 800 ], "urls": { "avif": { "400": "https://img.botanai.app/p/137217486/r1/400.avif", "800": "https://img.botanai.app/p/137217486/r1/800.avif" }, "jpeg": { "400": "https://img.botanai.app/p/137217486/r1/400.jpg", "800": "https://img.botanai.app/p/137217486/r1/800.jpg" } }, "attribution": "José Belem Hernández Díaz, CC BY 4.0, via iNaturalist" } ] }, "native_range": { "scheme": "TDWG World Geographical Scheme for Recording Plant Distributions, level 3", "source": "Kew, World Checklist of Vascular Plants (WCVP v16)", "license": "CC BY 3.0", "excludes": [ "introduced", "extinct", "location_doubtful" ], "codes": [ "MXE" ], "regions": [ { "code": "MXE", "name": "Mexico Northeast", "continent": "NORTHERN AMERICA", "region": "Mexico" } ] }, "phenology": { "n": 45, "n_annotated": 173, "sufficient": true, "by_month": [ 0, 0, 4, 2, 6, 6, 8, 8, 8, 3, 0, 0 ], "annotated_by_month": [ 14, 10, 16, 16, 21, 19, 17, 18, 14, 9, 10, 9 ], "share": [ 0, 0, 0.25, 0.125, 0.2857, 0.3158, 0.4706, 0.4444, 0.5714, 0.3333, 0, 0 ], "ci": [ [ 0, 0.2153 ], [ 0, 0.2775 ], [ 0.1018, 0.495 ], [ 0.035, 0.3602 ], [ 0.1381, 0.4996 ], [ 0.1536, 0.5399 ], [ 0.2616, 0.6904 ], [ 0.2456, 0.6628 ], [ 0.3259, 0.7862 ], [ 0.1206, 0.6458 ], [ 0, 0.2775 ], [ 0, 0.2992 ] ], "peak_month": 9, "peak_basis": "share", "min_month_n": 5, "doi": "10.15468/dl.cgje2x", "source": "GBIF SQL download of iNaturalist Research-grade Observations", "quality_grade": "research (guaranteed upstream by iNaturalist at export)", "fields": { "by_month": "observations found IN FLOWER, by month (Jan..Dec)", "annotated_by_month": "observations in which a human recorded the reproductive state at all, by month. This is the denominator, and it includes the records that said \"no flowers or fruits\".", "share": "by_month / annotated_by_month. null where too few plants were examined to state a proportion.", "ci": "95% Wilson score interval on share.", "peak_month": "the month with the highest SHARE, not the highest count." } }, "traits": { "lifeform": null, "climate": "desert or dry shrubland" }, "identification": { "on_device_model": { "model": "Google AIY plants V1 (TFLite, 2,102 classes)", "identifies_this_species": false }, "in_accuracy_benchmark": false, "benchmark_url": "https://botanai.app/accuracy/", "confused_with": [] }, "sources": [ { "name": "World Flora Online Plant List", "note": "accepted name, authority, classification", "license": "CC0", "url": "https://www.worldfloraonline.org/", "retrieved": "2026-07-12" }, { "name": "iNaturalist", "note": "photographs and flowering annotations, CC0 / CC BY / CC BY-SA only", "license": "per photograph", "url": "https://www.inaturalist.org/", "retrieved": "2026-06-27" }, { "name": "Kew, World Checklist of Vascular Plants (WCVP v16)", "note": "native distribution by TDWG level-3 botanical country, and life form", "license": "CC BY 3.0", "url": "https://doi.org/10.15468/6h8ucr", "retrieved": "2026-06-04" } ], "gaps": [ { "field": "care", "status": "not_published", "reason": "Not published anywhere on this site. Every care claim we could make cheaply would be an unsourced enum, which is what the previous version of this site did and why it was deleted." }, { "field": "toxicity", "status": "not_published", "reason": "Not published. The widely copied list is a copyrighted compilation restricted to noncommercial use, and we will not scrape it. A sourced toxicity dataset is being built from primary literature and is not ready." }, { "field": "botanical_review", "status": "not_sourced", "reason": "No page on this site has been reviewed by a named botanist. The determination label says so, on every page." }, { "field": "common_name", "status": "not_sourced", "reason": "No vernacular name for this taxon in Wikidata (P1843) or iNaturalist. We do not invent one, and we do not present the scientific name as though it were a common name." } ], "license": { "data": "CC BY 4.0", "attribution": "BotanAI, https://botanai.app/plants/thelocactus-leucacanthus/", "note": "This document is licensed CC BY 4.0. The PHOTOGRAPHS it links are licensed individually and separately: each carries its own license and license_url, and those terms govern. Underlying taxonomy is CC0 (World Flora Online); native range is CC BY 3.0 (Kew)." } }