{
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  "url": "https://botanai.app/plants/syntrichia-ruralis/",
  "last_modified": "2026-06-03",
  "id": {
    "slug": "syntrichia-ruralis",
    "wfo": "wfo-0001191362",
    "inat_taxon_id": 244075
  },
  "name": {
    "scientific": "Syntrichia ruralis",
    "authorship": "(Hedw.) F.Weber & D.Mohr",
    "genus": "Syntrichia",
    "epithet": "ruralis",
    "family": "Pottiaceae",
    "rank": "species",
    "taxonomic_status": "accepted",
    "accepted_according_to": "World Flora Online Plant List, 2026-06",
    "is_homonym": false,
    "published_in": "Index Mus. Pl. Crypt.: 2 [recto]. 1803.",
    "protologue_url": "https://www.bryonames.org/",
    "common": {
      "preferred": "great hairy screw-moss",
      "english": [
        "great hairy screw-moss",
        "tortula moss"
      ],
      "source": "wikidata"
    },
    "synonyms": [
      {
        "name": "Barbula papillinervis",
        "authorship": "Müll.Hal. & Kindb."
      },
      {
        "name": "Barbula papillosissima",
        "authorship": "Copp."
      },
      {
        "name": "Barbula pseudoaciphylla",
        "authorship": "Kindb."
      },
      {
        "name": "Barbula pulvinata subsp. papillinervis",
        "authorship": "(Müll.Hal. & Kindb.) Kindb."
      },
      {
        "name": "Barbula rufipila",
        "authorship": "Cardot & Thér."
      },
      {
        "name": "Barbula ruraliformis",
        "authorship": "Besch."
      },
      {
        "name": "Barbula ruraliformis var. gigantea",
        "authorship": "Farneti"
      },
      {
        "name": "Barbula ruralis",
        "authorship": "Hedw."
      },
      {
        "name": "Barbula ruralis subsp. alaskana",
        "authorship": "Kindb."
      },
      {
        "name": "Barbula ruralis subsp. ruraliformis",
        "authorship": "(Besch.) Boulay"
      },
      {
        "name": "Barbula ruralis var. californica",
        "authorship": "Sull. ex Paris"
      },
      {
        "name": "Barbula ruralis var. densiretis",
        "authorship": "Venturi"
      },
      {
        "name": "Barbula ruralis var. elongata",
        "authorship": "Roum."
      },
      {
        "name": "Barbula ruralis var. epilosa",
        "authorship": "Venturi"
      },
      {
        "name": "Barbula ruralis var. gigantea",
        "authorship": "Lesq."
      },
      {
        "name": "Barbula ruralis var. hirsuta",
        "authorship": "Venturi"
      },
      {
        "name": "Barbula ruralis var. ruraliformis",
        "authorship": "(Besch.) Husn."
      },
      {
        "name": "Bryum rurale",
        "authorship": "(Hedw.) With."
      },
      {
        "name": "Syntrichia densa",
        "authorship": "(Velen.) J.-P.Frahm"
      },
      {
        "name": "Syntrichia papillosissima",
        "authorship": "(Copp.) Loeske"
      },
      {
        "name": "Syntrichia reflexa",
        "authorship": "R.H.Zander"
      },
      {
        "name": "Syntrichia ruraliformis",
        "authorship": "(Besch.) Mans."
      },
      {
        "name": "Syntrichia ruraliformis var. subpapillosissima",
        "authorship": "(Bizot & R.B.Pierrot ex Pócs) Ochyra"
      },
      {
        "name": "Syntrichia ruralis f. brevipila",
        "authorship": "(Warnst.) Podp."
      },
      {
        "name": "Syntrichia ruralis f. fallax",
        "authorship": "(Herzog) Podp."
      },
      {
        "name": "Syntrichia ruralis f. gigantea",
        "authorship": "(Farneti) Podp."
      },
      {
        "name": "Syntrichia ruralis f. gracilis",
        "authorship": "Podp."
      },
      {
        "name": "Syntrichia ruralis f. subrufa",
        "authorship": "(Podp.) Podp."
      },
      {
        "name": "Syntrichia ruralis f. viridis",
        "authorship": "(Matousch.) Podp."
      },
      {
        "name": "Syntrichia ruralis subsp. ruraliformis",
        "authorship": "(Besch.) Düll"
      },
      {
        "name": "Syntrichia ruralis subvar. densiretis",
        "authorship": "(Venturi) Podp."
      },
      {
        "name": "Syntrichia ruralis subvar. epilosa",
        "authorship": "(Venturi) Podp."
      },
      {
        "name": "Syntrichia ruralis subvar. glacialis",
        "authorship": "(J.J.Amann) Podp."
      },
      {
        "name": "Syntrichia ruralis var. aciphylloides",
        "authorship": "(Podp.) Podp."
      },
      {
        "name": "Syntrichia ruralis var. arenicola",
        "authorship": "J.J.Amann"
      },
      {
        "name": "Syntrichia ruralis var. densiretis",
        "authorship": "(Venturi) J.J.Amann"
      },
      {
        "name": "Syntrichia ruralis var. gigantea",
        "authorship": "(Lesq.) R.H.Zander"
      },
      {
        "name": "Syntrichia ruralis var. glacialis",
        "authorship": "J.J.Amann"
      },
      {
        "name": "Syntrichia ruralis var. hirsuta",
        "authorship": "(Venturi) Podp."
      },
      {
        "name": "Syntrichia ruralis var. polysporogonica",
        "authorship": "M.F.Boiko"
      },
      {
        "name": "Syntrichia ruralis var. pontresinae",
        "authorship": "(Geh. & Warnst.) Podp."
      },
      {
        "name": "Syntrichia ruralis var. submamillosa",
        "authorship": "(W.A.Kramer) R.H.Zander"
      },
      {
        "name": "Syntrichia ruralis var. subpapillosissima",
        "authorship": "(Bizot & R.B.Pierrot ex Pócs) R.H.Zander"
      },
      {
        "name": "Syntrichia subpapillosissima",
        "authorship": "(Bizot & R.B.Pierrot ex Pócs) M.T.Gallego & J.Guerra"
      },
      {
        "name": "Tortula bullata",
        "authorship": "Herzog"
      },
      {
        "name": "Tortula densa",
        "authorship": "(Velen.) J.-P.Frahm"
      },
      {
        "name": "Tortula hirsuta",
        "authorship": "(Venturi) Laz."
      },
      {
        "name": "Tortula papillosissima",
        "authorship": "(Copp.) Broth."
      },
      {
        "name": "Tortula papillosissima var. submamillosa",
        "authorship": "(W.A.Kramer) Heinrichs & Caspari"
      },
      {
        "name": "Tortula pontresinae",
        "authorship": "Geh. & Warnst."
      },
      {
        "name": "Tortula pseudoaciphylla",
        "authorship": "(Kindb.) Broth."
      },
      {
        "name": "Tortula pseudoprinceps",
        "authorship": "Dixon"
      },
      {
        "name": "Tortula pulvinata subsp. papillinervis",
        "authorship": "(Müll.Hal. & Kindb.) Paris"
      },
      {
        "name": "Tortula reflexa",
        "authorship": "X.J.Li"
      },
      {
        "name": "Tortula rufipila",
        "authorship": "(Cardot & Thér.) Broth."
      },
      {
        "name": "Tortula ruraliformis",
        "authorship": "(Besch.) T.Barker"
      },
      {
        "name": "Tortula ruraliformis var. ruraliformis",
        "authorship": null
      },
      {
        "name": "Tortula ruraliformis var. subpapillosissima",
        "authorship": "(Bizot & R.B.Pierrot ex Pócs) W.A.Kramer"
      },
      {
        "name": "Tortula ruralis",
        "authorship": "(Hedw.) G.Gaertn., B.Mey. & Scherb."
      },
      {
        "name": "Tortula ruralis f. fallax",
        "authorship": "Herzog"
      },
      {
        "name": "Tortula ruralis f. fuscipila",
        "authorship": "Herzog"
      },
      {
        "name": "Tortula ruralis f. gracilis",
        "authorship": "Meyl."
      },
      {
        "name": "Tortula ruralis f. pseudoruraliformis",
        "authorship": "Tosco"
      },
      {
        "name": "Tortula ruralis f. rhizinifera",
        "authorship": "Tosco"
      },
      {
        "name": "Tortula ruralis f. subrufa",
        "authorship": "Podp."
      },
      {
        "name": "Tortula ruralis f. viridis",
        "authorship": "Matousch."
      },
      {
        "name": "Tortula ruralis subsp. alaskana",
        "authorship": "(Kindb.) Paris"
      },
      {
        "name": "Tortula ruralis subsp. hirsuta",
        "authorship": "(Venturi) W.A.Kramer"
      },
      {
        "name": "Tortula ruralis subsp. ruraliformis",
        "authorship": "(Besch.) Dixon"
      },
      {
        "name": "Tortula ruralis subsp. ruralis",
        "authorship": null
      },
      {
        "name": "Tortula ruralis var. aciphylloides",
        "authorship": "Podp."
      },
      {
        "name": "Tortula ruralis var. arenicola",
        "authorship": "Braithw."
      },
      {
        "name": "Tortula ruralis var. atricha",
        "authorship": "Péterfi"
      },
      {
        "name": "Tortula ruralis var. brevipila",
        "authorship": "Warnst."
      },
      {
        "name": "Tortula ruralis var. californica",
        "authorship": "(Sull. ex Paris) Paris"
      },
      {
        "name": "Tortula ruralis var. densa",
        "authorship": "Velen."
      },
      {
        "name": "Tortula ruralis var. densiretis",
        "authorship": "(Venturi) Paris"
      },
      {
        "name": "Tortula ruralis var. epilosa",
        "authorship": "(Venturi) Paris"
      },
      {
        "name": "Tortula ruralis var. fulva",
        "authorship": "Györffy"
      },
      {
        "name": "Tortula ruralis var. gigantea",
        "authorship": "(Lesq.) L.F.Koch"
      },
      {
        "name": "Tortula ruralis var. hirsuta",
        "authorship": "(Venturi) Paris"
      },
      {
        "name": "Tortula ruralis var. montana",
        "authorship": "De Not."
      },
      {
        "name": "Tortula ruralis var. pontresinae",
        "authorship": "(Geh. & Warnst.) Wijk & Margad."
      },
      {
        "name": "Tortula ruralis var. ruraliformis",
        "authorship": "(Besch.) Röll"
      },
      {
        "name": "Tortula ruralis var. ruralis",
        "authorship": null
      },
      {
        "name": "Tortula ruralis var. submamillosa",
        "authorship": "W.A.Kramer"
      },
      {
        "name": "Tortula ruralis var. subpapillosissima",
        "authorship": "Bizot & R.B.Pierrot ex Pócs"
      }
    ],
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Syntrichia_ruralis"
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    },
    {
      "field": "botanical_review",
      "status": "not_sourced",
      "reason": "No page on this site has been reviewed by a named botanist. The determination label says so, on every page."
    },
    {
      "field": "native_range",
      "status": "not_sourced",
      "reason": "Kew's World Checklist of Vascular Plants does not cover this taxon."
    },
    {
      "field": "phenology",
      "status": "not_sourced",
      "reason": "No dated flowering annotations found for this taxon."
    }
  ],
  "license": {
    "data": "CC BY 4.0",
    "attribution": "BotanAI, https://botanai.app/plants/syntrichia-ruralis/",
    "note": "This document is licensed CC BY 4.0. The PHOTOGRAPHS it links are licensed individually and separately: each carries its own license and license_url, and those terms govern. Underlying taxonomy is CC0 (World Flora Online); native range is CC BY 3.0 (Kew)."
  }
}