Symplocos paniculata(Thunb.) Miq.

sapphire-berry

WFO wfo-0000989948 Accepted WFO 2026-06 8 photographs CC0 / CC BY

Plate 1 figs. a–h · 8 separate observations

Symplocos paniculata, photographed by 胡正恆(Jackson Hu)
fig. a 胡正恆(Jackson Hu), CC BY 4.0 / 2022-06-03 / obs. 204086942
Symplocos paniculata, photographed by 胡正恆(Jackson Hu)
fig. b 胡正恆(Jackson Hu), CC BY 4.0 / obs. 199929086
Symplocos paniculata, photographed by 胡正恆(Jackson Hu)
fig. c 胡正恆(Jackson Hu), CC BY 4.0 / obs. 199933297
Symplocos paniculata, photographed by 胡正恆(Jackson Hu)
fig. d 胡正恆(Jackson Hu), CC BY 4.0 / obs. 199932477
Symplocos paniculata, photographed by 胡正恆(Jackson Hu)
fig. e 胡正恆(Jackson Hu), CC BY 4.0 / obs. 199926553
Symplocos paniculata, photographed by 胡正恆(Jackson Hu)
fig. f 胡正恆(Jackson Hu), CC BY 4.0 / obs. 197241211
Symplocos paniculata, photographed by 葉子
fig. g 葉子, CC0 1.0 / obs. 137630658
Symplocos paniculata, photographed by 葉子
fig. h 葉子, CC0 1.0 / obs. 137628313

Every figure is a research-grade observation under CC0, CC BY or CC BY-SA, rehosted with the photographer’s name, the licence and the observation it came from. Photographs under a NonCommercial licence are excluded from this site and are never stored, which costs us a great many pictures and is not negotiable.

Native range 17 botanical countries

Regions where Symplocos paniculata is native: China North-Central, China South-Central, China Southeast, Hainan, Inner Mongolia, Japan, Manchuria, Taiwan, Tibet, Assam, Bangladesh, East Himalaya, Laos, Myanmar, Nepal, Vietnam, West Himalaya China North-CentralChina South-CentralChina SoutheastHainanInner MongoliaJapanManchuriaTaiwanTibetAssamBangladeshEast HimalayaLaosMyanmarNepalVietnamWest Himalaya
Native distribution of Symplocos paniculata, after Kew’s World Checklist of Vascular Plants. Introduced, extinct and doubtful records are excluded, so this is where the plant is from, not everywhere it now grows.
RegionTDWG codeContinent
China North-Central CHN ASIA-TEMPERATE
China South-Central CHC
China Southeast CHS
Hainan CHH
Inner Mongolia CHI
Japan JAP
Manchuria CHM
Taiwan TAI
Tibet CHT
Assam ASS ASIA-TROPICAL
Bangladesh BAN
East Himalaya EHM
Laos LAO
Myanmar MYA
Nepal NEP
Vietnam VIE
West Himalaya WHM

Region boundaries approximated from Natural Earth (public domain) and mapped to TDWG World Geographical Scheme for Recording Plant Distributions (WGSRPD) level-3 botanical countries (Brummitt 2001). Indicative, not the official WGSRPD geometry.

Also published as 31 synonyms

A synonym is not an error. It is a record of botanists disagreeing, in print, about where this plant belongs. Each of these was somebody’s considered answer.

  • Eugenioides crataegoides Kuntze
  • Eugenioides pallidum Kuntze
  • Eugenioides paniculatum Kuntze
  • Eugenioides sinicum Kuntze
  • Lodhra crataegoides (Buch.-Ham. ex D.Don) Decne.
  • Palura chinensis Koidz.
  • Palura odorata Buch.-Ham. ex D.Don
  • Palura paniculata (Thunb.) Nakai
  • Palura paniculata var. glabra (Makino) Honda
  • Palura paniculata var. pallida Nakai
  • Palura sinica (Ker Gawl.) Miers
  • Prunus mairei H.Lév.
  • Prunus paniculata Thunb.
  • Symplocos chinensis Druce
  • Symplocos chinensis var. vestita (Hemsl.) Hand.-Mazz.
  • Symplocos crataegoides Buch.-Ham. ex D.Don
  • Symplocos crataegoides var. chinensis (Lour.) Makino & Nemoto
  • Symplocos crataegoides var. glabra (Makino) Matsum.
  • Symplocos crataegoides var. glabrifolia (Miq.) Koidz.
  • Symplocos crataegoides var. pallida (Franch. & Sav.) Franch. & Sav.
  • Symplocos hunanensis Hand.-Mazz.
  • Symplocos pallida Franch. & Sav.
  • Symplocos paniculata (Thunb.) Makino
  • Symplocos paniculata Wall. ex D.Don

and 7 more.

Sourcesevery claim on this page

  1. World Flora Online Plant List. accepted name, authority, classification. CC0. Retrieved 2026-07-12.
  2. iNaturalist. photographs and flowering annotations, CC0 / CC BY / CC BY-SA only. per photograph. Retrieved 2026-06-27.
  3. Wikidata. common name (P1843), joined on the World Flora Online identifier (P7715). CC0. Retrieved 2026-07-13.
  4. Kew, World Checklist of Vascular Plants (WCVP v16). native distribution by TDWG level-3 botanical country, and life form. CC BY 3.0. Retrieved 2026-06-04.

We publish what we can source and we say so when we cannot. This page has no care advice and no toxicity claim, because we do not yet have those from a source we can cite.