{
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  "url": "https://botanai.app/plants/suaeda-maritima/",
  "last_modified": "2025-12-15",
  "id": {
    "slug": "suaeda-maritima",
    "wfo": "wfo-0000437616",
    "inat_taxon_id": 169432
  },
  "name": {
    "scientific": "Suaeda maritima",
    "authorship": "(L.) Dumort.",
    "genus": "Suaeda",
    "epithet": "maritima",
    "family": "Chenopodiaceae",
    "rank": "species",
    "taxonomic_status": "accepted",
    "accepted_according_to": "World Flora Online Plant List, 2026-06",
    "is_homonym": false,
    "published_in": "Fl. Belg. : 22 (1827)",
    "protologue_url": null,
    "common": {
      "preferred": "Annual Sea-blite",
      "english": [
        "Annual Sea-blite",
        "Herbaceous seepweed",
        "Sea blite",
        "White sea-blite",
        "annual-seablite",
        "herbaceous seepweed"
      ],
      "source": "wikidata"
    },
    "synonyms": [
      {
        "name": "Atriplex maritima",
        "authorship": "(L.) Crantz"
      },
      {
        "name": "Chenopodina aestuaria",
        "authorship": "Dumort."
      },
      {
        "name": "Chenopodina bacciformis",
        "authorship": "Dumort."
      },
      {
        "name": "Chenopodina filiformis",
        "authorship": "Moq."
      },
      {
        "name": "Chenopodina indica",
        "authorship": "Wight"
      },
      {
        "name": "Chenopodina maritima",
        "authorship": "(L.) Moq."
      },
      {
        "name": "Chenopodina maritima var. erecta",
        "authorship": "Moq."
      },
      {
        "name": "Chenopodina maritima var. vulgaris",
        "authorship": "Moq."
      },
      {
        "name": "Chenopodina prostrata",
        "authorship": "(Pall.) Moq."
      },
      {
        "name": "Chenopodina salsa",
        "authorship": "(L.) Moq."
      },
      {
        "name": "Chenopodina sativa",
        "authorship": "Moq."
      },
      {
        "name": "Chenopodina spicata",
        "authorship": "Moq."
      },
      {
        "name": "Chenopodina tortuosa",
        "authorship": "Moq."
      },
      {
        "name": "Chenopodium crassifolium",
        "authorship": "Desf."
      },
      {
        "name": "Chenopodium filiforme",
        "authorship": "Dumort."
      },
      {
        "name": "Chenopodium hortense",
        "authorship": "Raddi ex Moq."
      },
      {
        "name": "Chenopodium hostii",
        "authorship": "Ledeb."
      },
      {
        "name": "Chenopodium jacquinii",
        "authorship": "Ten."
      },
      {
        "name": "Chenopodium macrocarpum",
        "authorship": "Desv."
      },
      {
        "name": "Chenopodium maritimum",
        "authorship": "L."
      },
      {
        "name": "Chenopodium prostratum",
        "authorship": "(Pall.) Schult."
      },
      {
        "name": "Chenopodium salsum",
        "authorship": "L."
      },
      {
        "name": "Chenopodium spicatum",
        "authorship": "Schult."
      },
      {
        "name": "Cochliospermum cavanillesii",
        "authorship": "Lag."
      },
      {
        "name": "Cochliospermum salsum",
        "authorship": "(L.) Lag."
      },
      {
        "name": "Dondia maritima",
        "authorship": "Druce"
      },
      {
        "name": "Lerchea salsa",
        "authorship": "(L.) Medik."
      },
      {
        "name": "Lerchia maritima",
        "authorship": "(L.) Kuntze"
      },
      {
        "name": "Lerchia salsa",
        "authorship": "(L.) Medik."
      },
      {
        "name": "Salsola indica",
        "authorship": "Willd."
      },
      {
        "name": "Salsola maritima",
        "authorship": "(L.) M.Bieb."
      },
      {
        "name": "Salsola salsa",
        "authorship": "(L.) L."
      },
      {
        "name": "Salsola salsa",
        "authorship": "Jacq."
      },
      {
        "name": "Salsola sedoides",
        "authorship": "L."
      },
      {
        "name": "Schoberia crassifolia",
        "authorship": "Steud."
      },
      {
        "name": "Schoberia indica",
        "authorship": "(Willd.) Kostel."
      },
      {
        "name": "Schoberia maritima",
        "authorship": "(L.) C.A.Mey."
      },
      {
        "name": "Schoberia salsa",
        "authorship": "(L.) C.A.Mey."
      },
      {
        "name": "Suaeda albescens",
        "authorship": "Lázaro Ibiza"
      },
      {
        "name": "Suaeda cavanillesiana",
        "authorship": "(Lázaro Ibiza) Cout."
      },
      {
        "name": "Suaeda chenopodioides",
        "authorship": "Pall."
      },
      {
        "name": "Suaeda fernaldii",
        "authorship": "(Standl.) Standl."
      },
      {
        "name": "Suaeda heteroptera",
        "authorship": "Kitag."
      },
      {
        "name": "Suaeda heteroptera var. tenuiramea",
        "authorship": "P.Y.Fu & W.Wang"
      },
      {
        "name": "Suaeda indica",
        "authorship": "(Willd.) Moq."
      },
      {
        "name": "Suaeda maritima subsp. richii",
        "authorship": "(Fernald) Bassett & Crompton"
      },
      {
        "name": "Suaeda maritima var. cavanillesiana",
        "authorship": "Lázaro Iberia"
      },
      {
        "name": "Suaeda maritima var. maritima",
        "authorship": null
      },
      {
        "name": "Suaeda maritima var. perennans",
        "authorship": "Maire"
      },
      {
        "name": "Suaeda maritima var. vulgaris",
        "authorship": "Moq."
      },
      {
        "name": "Suaeda nudiflora",
        "authorship": "(Willd.) Moq."
      },
      {
        "name": "Suaeda pannonica",
        "authorship": "Beck"
      },
      {
        "name": "Suaeda prostrata",
        "authorship": "Pall."
      },
      {
        "name": "Suaeda richii",
        "authorship": "Fernald"
      },
      {
        "name": "Suaeda salsa",
        "authorship": "(L.) Pall."
      },
      {
        "name": "Suaeda ussuriensis",
        "authorship": "Iljin"
      }
    ],
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suaeda_maritima"
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      {
        "code": "NCS",
        "name": "North Caucasus",
        "continent": "ASIA-TEMPERATE",
        "region": "Caucasus"
      },
      {
        "code": "PRM",
        "name": "Primorye",
        "continent": "ASIA-TEMPERATE",
        "region": "Russian Far East"
      },
      {
        "code": "CHQ",
        "name": "Qinghai",
        "continent": "ASIA-TEMPERATE",
        "region": "China"
      },
      {
        "code": "SAU",
        "name": "Saudi Arabia",
        "continent": "ASIA-TEMPERATE",
        "region": "Arabian Peninsula"
      },
      {
        "code": "TZK",
        "name": "Tadzhikistan",
        "continent": "ASIA-TEMPERATE",
        "region": "Central Asia"
      },
      {
        "code": "CHT",
        "name": "Tibet",
        "continent": "ASIA-TEMPERATE",
        "region": "China"
      },
      {
        "code": "TCS",
        "name": "Transcaucasus",
        "continent": "ASIA-TEMPERATE",
        "region": "Caucasus"
      },
      {
        "code": "TKM",
        "name": "Turkmenistan",
        "continent": "ASIA-TEMPERATE",
        "region": "Central Asia"
      },
      {
        "code": "TVA",
        "name": "Tuva",
        "continent": "ASIA-TEMPERATE",
        "region": "Siberia"
      },
      {
        "code": "TUR",
        "name": "Türkiye",
        "continent": "ASIA-TEMPERATE",
        "region": "Western Asia"
      },
      {
        "code": "UZB",
        "name": "Uzbekistan",
        "continent": "ASIA-TEMPERATE",
        "region": "Central Asia"
      },
      {
        "code": "WSB",
        "name": "West Siberia",
        "continent": "ASIA-TEMPERATE",
        "region": "Siberia"
      },
      {
        "code": "CHX",
        "name": "Xinjiang",
        "continent": "ASIA-TEMPERATE",
        "region": "China"
      },
      {
        "code": "BAN",
        "name": "Bangladesh",
        "continent": "ASIA-TROPICAL",
        "region": "Indian Subcontinent"
      },
      {
        "code": "EHM",
        "name": "East Himalaya",
        "continent": "ASIA-TROPICAL",
        "region": "Indian Subcontinent"
      },
      {
        "code": "IND",
        "name": "India",
        "continent": "ASIA-TROPICAL",
        "region": "Indian Subcontinent"
      },
      {
        "code": "MYA",
        "name": "Myanmar",
        "continent": "ASIA-TROPICAL",
        "region": "Indo-China"
      },
      {
        "code": "SRL",
        "name": "Sri Lanka",
        "continent": "ASIA-TROPICAL",
        "region": "Indian Subcontinent"
      },
      {
        "code": "THA",
        "name": "Thailand",
        "continent": "ASIA-TROPICAL",
        "region": "Indo-China"
      },
      {
        "code": "VIE",
        "name": "Vietnam",
        "continent": "ASIA-TROPICAL",
        "region": "Indo-China"
      },
      {
        "code": "ALB",
        "name": "Albania",
        "continent": "EUROPE",
        "region": "Southeastern Europe"
      },
      {
        "code": "AUT",
        "name": "Austria",
        "continent": "EUROPE",
        "region": "Middle Europe"
      },
      {
        "code": "BAL",
        "name": "Baleares",
        "continent": "EUROPE",
        "region": "Southwestern Europe"
      },
      {
        "code": "BLT",
        "name": "Baltic States",
        "continent": "EUROPE",
        "region": "Eastern Europe"
      },
      {
        "code": "BLR",
        "name": "Belarus",
        "continent": "EUROPE",
        "region": "Eastern Europe"
      },
      {
        "code": "BGM",
        "name": "Belgium",
        "continent": "EUROPE",
        "region": "Middle Europe"
      },
      {
        "code": "BUL",
        "name": "Bulgaria",
        "continent": "EUROPE",
        "region": "Southeastern Europe"
      },
      {
        "code": "RUC",
        "name": "Central European Russia",
        "continent": "EUROPE",
        "region": "Eastern Europe"
      },
      {
        "code": "COR",
        "name": "Corse",
        "continent": "EUROPE",
        "region": "Southwestern Europe"
      },
      {
        "code": "CZE",
        "name": "Czechia-Slovakia",
        "continent": "EUROPE",
        "region": "Middle Europe"
      },
      {
        "code": "DEN",
        "name": "Denmark",
        "continent": "EUROPE",
        "region": "Northern Europe"
      },
      {
        "code": "RUE",
        "name": "East European Russia",
        "continent": "EUROPE",
        "region": "Eastern Europe"
      },
      {
        "code": "FIN",
        "name": "Finland",
        "continent": "EUROPE",
        "region": "Northern Europe"
      },
      {
        "code": "FRA",
        "name": "France",
        "continent": "EUROPE",
        "region": "Southwestern Europe"
      },
      {
        "code": "GER",
        "name": "Germany",
        "continent": "EUROPE",
        "region": "Middle Europe"
      },
      {
        "code": "GRB",
        "name": "Great Britain",
        "continent": "EUROPE",
        "region": "Northern Europe"
      },
      {
        "code": "GRC",
        "name": "Greece",
        "continent": "EUROPE",
        "region": "Southeastern Europe"
      },
      {
        "code": "HUN",
        "name": "Hungary",
        "continent": "EUROPE",
        "region": "Middle Europe"
      },
      {
        "code": "IRE",
        "name": "Ireland",
        "continent": "EUROPE",
        "region": "Northern Europe"
      },
      {
        "code": "ITA",
        "name": "Italy",
        "continent": "EUROPE",
        "region": "Southeastern Europe"
      },
      {
        "code": "KRY",
        "name": "Krym",
        "continent": "EUROPE",
        "region": "Eastern Europe"
      },
      {
        "code": "YUG",
        "name": "NW. Balkan Pen.",
        "continent": "EUROPE",
        "region": "Southeastern Europe"
      },
      {
        "code": "NET",
        "name": "Netherlands",
        "continent": "EUROPE",
        "region": "Middle Europe"
      },
      {
        "code": "RUW",
        "name": "Northwest European Russia",
        "continent": "EUROPE",
        "region": "Eastern Europe"
      },
      {
        "code": "NOR",
        "name": "Norway",
        "continent": "EUROPE",
        "region": "Northern Europe"
      },
      {
        "code": "POR",
        "name": "Portugal",
        "continent": "EUROPE",
        "region": "Southwestern Europe"
      },
      {
        "code": "ROM",
        "name": "Romania",
        "continent": "EUROPE",
        "region": "Southeastern Europe"
      },
      {
        "code": "SAR",
        "name": "Sardegna",
        "continent": "EUROPE",
        "region": "Southwestern Europe"
      },
      {
        "code": "SIC",
        "name": "Sicilia",
        "continent": "EUROPE",
        "region": "Southeastern Europe"
      },
      {
        "code": "RUS",
        "name": "South European Russia",
        "continent": "EUROPE",
        "region": "Eastern Europe"
      },
      {
        "code": "SPA",
        "name": "Spain",
        "continent": "EUROPE",
        "region": "Southwestern Europe"
      },
      {
        "code": "SWE",
        "name": "Sweden",
        "continent": "EUROPE",
        "region": "Northern Europe"
      },
      {
        "code": "TUE",
        "name": "Türkiye-in-Europe",
        "continent": "EUROPE",
        "region": "Southeastern Europe"
      },
      {
        "code": "UKR",
        "name": "Ukraine",
        "continent": "EUROPE",
        "region": "Eastern Europe"
      },
      {
        "code": "CNT",
        "name": "Connecticut",
        "continent": "NORTHERN AMERICA",
        "region": "Northeastern U.S.A."
      },
      {
        "code": "MAI",
        "name": "Maine",
        "continent": "NORTHERN AMERICA",
        "region": "Northeastern U.S.A."
      },
      {
        "code": "MAN",
        "name": "Manitoba",
        "continent": "NORTHERN AMERICA",
        "region": "Western Canada"
      },
      {
        "code": "MRY",
        "name": "Maryland",
        "continent": "NORTHERN AMERICA",
        "region": "Southeastern U.S.A."
      },
      {
        "code": "MAS",
        "name": "Massachusetts",
        "continent": "NORTHERN AMERICA",
        "region": "Northeastern U.S.A."
      },
      {
        "code": "NBR",
        "name": "New Brunswick",
        "continent": "NORTHERN AMERICA",
        "region": "Eastern Canada"
      },
      {
        "code": "NWH",
        "name": "New Hampshire",
        "continent": "NORTHERN AMERICA",
        "region": "Northeastern U.S.A."
      },
      {
        "code": "NWJ",
        "name": "New Jersey",
        "continent": "NORTHERN AMERICA",
        "region": "Northeastern U.S.A."
      },
      {
        "code": "NWY",
        "name": "New York",
        "continent": "NORTHERN AMERICA",
        "region": "Northeastern U.S.A."
      },
      {
        "code": "NFL",
        "name": "Newfoundland",
        "continent": "NORTHERN AMERICA",
        "region": "Eastern Canada"
      },
      {
        "code": "NSC",
        "name": "Nova Scotia",
        "continent": "NORTHERN AMERICA",
        "region": "Eastern Canada"
      },
      {
        "code": "PEN",
        "name": "Pennsylvania",
        "continent": "NORTHERN AMERICA",
        "region": "Northeastern U.S.A."
      },
      {
        "code": "PEI",
        "name": "Prince Edward I.",
        "continent": "NORTHERN AMERICA",
        "region": "Eastern Canada"
      },
      {
        "code": "QUE",
        "name": "Québec",
        "continent": "NORTHERN AMERICA",
        "region": "Eastern Canada"
      },
      {
        "code": "RHO",
        "name": "Rhode I.",
        "continent": "NORTHERN AMERICA",
        "region": "Northeastern U.S.A."
      },
      {
        "code": "VRG",
        "name": "Virginia",
        "continent": "NORTHERN AMERICA",
        "region": "Southeastern U.S.A."
      }
    ]
  },
  "phenology": {
    "n": 57,
    "n_annotated": 152,
    "sufficient": true,
    "by_month": [
      3,
      0,
      2,
      3,
      0,
      4,
      9,
      19,
      14,
      0,
      2,
      1
    ],
    "annotated_by_month": [
      5,
      3,
      4,
      9,
      14,
      11,
      23,
      34,
      32,
      9,
      7,
      1
    ],
    "share": [
      0.6,
      null,
      null,
      0.3333,
      0,
      0.3636,
      0.3913,
      0.5588,
      0.4375,
      0,
      0.2857,
      null
    ],
    "ci": [
      [
        0.2307,
        0.8824
      ],
      null,
      null,
      [
        0.1206,
        0.6458
      ],
      [
        0,
        0.2153
      ],
      [
        0.1517,
        0.6462
      ],
      [
        0.2216,
        0.5921
      ],
      [
        0.3945,
        0.7112
      ],
      [
        0.2817,
        0.6067
      ],
      [
        0,
        0.2992
      ],
      [
        0.0822,
        0.6411
      ],
      null
    ],
    "peak_month": 1,
    "peak_basis": "share",
    "min_month_n": 5,
    "fruiting": {
      "n": 40,
      "by_month": [
        1,
        1,
        0,
        1,
        1,
        0,
        8,
        4,
        11,
        9,
        4,
        0
      ],
      "share": [
        0.2,
        null,
        null,
        0.1111,
        0.0714,
        0,
        0.3478,
        0.1176,
        0.3438,
        1,
        0.5714,
        null
      ],
      "ci": [
        [
          0.0362,
          0.6245
        ],
        null,
        null,
        [
          0.0199,
          0.435
        ],
        [
          0.0127,
          0.3147
        ],
        [
          0,
          0.2588
        ],
        [
          0.1881,
          0.5511
        ],
        [
          0.0467,
          0.2662
        ],
        [
          0.2041,
          0.5169
        ],
        [
          0.7008,
          1
        ],
        [
          0.2505,
          0.8418
        ],
        null
      ],
      "peak_month": 10
    },
    "doi": "10.15468/dl.cgje2x",
    "source": "GBIF SQL download of iNaturalist Research-grade Observations",
    "quality_grade": "research (guaranteed upstream by iNaturalist at export)",
    "fields": {
      "by_month": "observations found IN FLOWER, by month (Jan..Dec)",
      "annotated_by_month": "observations in which a human recorded the reproductive state at all, by month. This is the denominator, and it includes the records that said \"no flowers or fruits\".",
      "share": "by_month / annotated_by_month. null where too few plants were examined to state a proportion.",
      "ci": "95% Wilson score interval on share.",
      "peak_month": "the month with the highest SHARE, not the highest count."
    }
  },
  "traits": {
    "lifeform": "subshrub or shrub",
    "climate": "seasonally dry tropical"
  },
  "climate_envelope": {
    "mean_annual_temp_c": {
      "p5": 6.4,
      "median": 11.9,
      "p95": 24.7
    },
    "temp_seasonality": {
      "p5": 270.9,
      "median": 408.5,
      "p95": 845.8
    },
    "max_temp_warmest_month_c": {
      "p5": 17.4,
      "median": 22.3,
      "p95": 30.7
    },
    "min_temp_coldest_month_c": {
      "p5": -9.2,
      "median": 4.6,
      "p95": 17.2
    },
    "annual_precip_mm": {
      "p5": 603.9,
      "median": 1184.2,
      "p95": 1742.6
    },
    "precip_seasonality": {
      "p5": 11.6,
      "median": 27.8,
      "p95": 95.8
    },
    "precip_driest_quarter_mm": {
      "p5": 37.7,
      "median": 145,
      "p95": 295.4
    },
    "n": 2015,
    "units": {
      "mean_annual_temp_c": "degrees Celsius",
      "min_temp_coldest_month_c": "degrees Celsius (mean daily MINIMUM of the coldest month)",
      "max_temp_warmest_month_c": "degrees Celsius (mean daily MAXIMUM of the warmest month)",
      "annual_precip_mm": "millimetres per year",
      "precip_driest_quarter_mm": "millimetres in the driest quarter"
    },
    "source": "CHELSA V2.1 climatologies 1981-2010, 30 arcsec",
    "citation": "Karger, D.N. et al. (2017) Climatologies at high resolution for the earth's land surface areas. Scientific Data 4, 170122.",
    "occurrences": "iNaturalist Research-grade Observations",
    "occurrences_doi": "10.15468/dl.cgje2x",
    "method": "Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 2015 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.",
    "is_hardiness_zone": false,
    "hardiness_zone_note": "min_temp_coldest_month_c is NOT a USDA hardiness zone. A USDA zone is the average annual EXTREME minimum temperature; this is the mean daily minimum of the coldest month, which is typically about 16 C warmer. Do not present one as the other."
  },
  "identification": {
    "on_device_model": {
      "model": "Google AIY plants V1 (TFLite, 2,102 classes)",
      "identifies_this_species": false
    },
    "in_accuracy_benchmark": false,
    "benchmark_url": "https://botanai.app/accuracy/",
    "confused_with": []
  },
  "sources": [
    {
      "name": "World Flora Online Plant List",
      "note": "accepted name, authority, classification",
      "license": "CC0",
      "url": "https://www.worldfloraonline.org/",
      "retrieved": "2026-07-12"
    },
    {
      "name": "iNaturalist",
      "note": "photographs and flowering annotations, CC0 / CC BY / CC BY-SA only",
      "license": "per photograph",
      "url": "https://www.inaturalist.org/",
      "retrieved": "2026-06-27"
    },
    {
      "name": "Wikidata",
      "note": "common name (P1843), joined on the World Flora Online identifier (P7715)",
      "license": "CC0",
      "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/",
      "retrieved": "2026-07-13"
    },
    {
      "name": "Kew, World Checklist of Vascular Plants (WCVP v16)",
      "note": "native distribution by TDWG level-3 botanical country, and life form",
      "license": "CC BY 3.0",
      "url": "https://doi.org/10.15468/6h8ucr",
      "retrieved": "2026-06-04"
    }
  ],
  "gaps": [
    {
      "field": "care",
      "status": "not_published",
      "reason": "Not published anywhere on this site. Every care claim we could make cheaply would be an unsourced enum, which is what the previous version of this site did and why it was deleted."
    },
    {
      "field": "toxicity",
      "status": "not_published",
      "reason": "Not published. The widely copied list is a copyrighted compilation restricted to noncommercial use, and we will not scrape it. A sourced toxicity dataset is being built from primary literature and is not ready."
    },
    {
      "field": "botanical_review",
      "status": "not_sourced",
      "reason": "No page on this site has been reviewed by a named botanist. The determination label says so, on every page."
    },
    {
      "field": "hardiness_zone",
      "status": "not_published",
      "reason": "Not published for any species. A USDA hardiness zone is the average annual EXTREME minimum temperature, and we hold the mean daily minimum of the coldest month, which is a different quantity and typically about 16 C warmer. Presenting one as the other would place a plant several zones too warm, so we do not publish a zone at all."
    }
  ],
  "license": {
    "data": "CC BY 4.0",
    "attribution": "BotanAI, https://botanai.app/plants/suaeda-maritima/",
    "note": "This document is licensed CC BY 4.0. The PHOTOGRAPHS it links are licensed individually and separately: each carries its own license and license_url, and those terms govern. Underlying taxonomy is CC0 (World Flora Online); native range is CC BY 3.0 (Kew)."
  }
}