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  "last_modified": "2025-12-15",
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    "slug": "struthiola-ciliata",
    "wfo": "wfo-0001142421",
    "inat_taxon_id": 320592
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  "name": {
    "scientific": "Struthiola ciliata",
    "authorship": "(L.) Lam.",
    "genus": "Struthiola",
    "epithet": "ciliata",
    "family": "Thymelaeaceae",
    "rank": "species",
    "taxonomic_status": "accepted",
    "accepted_according_to": "World Flora Online Plant List, 2026-06",
    "is_homonym": false,
    "published_in": "Tabl. Encycl.  1: 314 (1792)",
    "protologue_url": "https://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:832844-1",
    "common": {
      "preferred": "evening gonna",
      "english": [
        "evening gonna",
        "lax gonna"
      ],
      "source": "wikidata"
    },
    "synonyms": [
      {
        "name": "Belvala angustifolia",
        "authorship": "(Lam.) Kuntze"
      },
      {
        "name": "Belvala glauca",
        "authorship": "(Lodd.) Kuntze"
      },
      {
        "name": "Belvala longiflora",
        "authorship": "(Lam.) Kuntze"
      },
      {
        "name": "Belvala lucens",
        "authorship": "(Poir.) Kuntze"
      },
      {
        "name": "Belvala spicata",
        "authorship": "Raf."
      },
      {
        "name": "Belvala tuberculosa",
        "authorship": "(Lam.) Kuntze"
      },
      {
        "name": "Belvala virgata",
        "authorship": "(L.) Kuntze"
      },
      {
        "name": "Gnidia ciliata",
        "authorship": "(L.) Meisn."
      },
      {
        "name": "Passerina ciliata",
        "authorship": "L."
      },
      {
        "name": "Struthiola angustifolia",
        "authorship": "Lam."
      },
      {
        "name": "Struthiola ciliata subsp. ciliata",
        "authorship": null
      },
      {
        "name": "Struthiola concava",
        "authorship": "S.Moore"
      },
      {
        "name": "Struthiola flavescens",
        "authorship": "Gilg ex C.H.Wright"
      },
      {
        "name": "Struthiola floribunda",
        "authorship": "C.H.Wright"
      },
      {
        "name": "Struthiola glauca",
        "authorship": "Lodd."
      },
      {
        "name": "Struthiola incana",
        "authorship": "G.Lodd."
      },
      {
        "name": "Struthiola longiflora",
        "authorship": "Lam."
      },
      {
        "name": "Struthiola lucens",
        "authorship": "Poir."
      },
      {
        "name": "Struthiola pillansii",
        "authorship": "Hutch."
      },
      {
        "name": "Struthiola pubescens",
        "authorship": "Retz."
      },
      {
        "name": "Struthiola rubra",
        "authorship": "Donn"
      },
      {
        "name": "Struthiola rustiana",
        "authorship": "Gilg"
      },
      {
        "name": "Struthiola schlechteri",
        "authorship": "Gilg ex C.H.Wright"
      },
      {
        "name": "Struthiola subulata",
        "authorship": "Vahl ex Wikstr."
      },
      {
        "name": "Struthiola tuberculosa",
        "authorship": "Lam."
      },
      {
        "name": "Struthiola vahlii",
        "authorship": "Wikstr."
      },
      {
        "name": "Struthiola villosa",
        "authorship": "Vahl ex Wikstr."
      },
      {
        "name": "Struthiola virgata",
        "authorship": "L."
      },
      {
        "name": "Struthiola virgata var. glabrescens",
        "authorship": "Meisn."
      },
      {
        "name": "Struthiola virgata var. glabriflora",
        "authorship": "Meisn."
      },
      {
        "name": "Struthiola virgata var. incana",
        "authorship": "(G.Lodd.) Meisn."
      },
      {
        "name": "Struthiola virgata var. linnaeana",
        "authorship": "Meisn."
      },
      {
        "name": "Struthiola virgata var. pubescens",
        "authorship": "(Retz.) Meisn."
      },
      {
        "name": "Struthiola virgata var. subvillosa",
        "authorship": "Meisn."
      }
    ],
    "wikipedia": null
  },
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    "scheme": "TDWG World Geographical Scheme for Recording Plant Distributions, level 3",
    "source": "Kew, World Checklist of Vascular Plants (WCVP v16)",
    "license": "CC BY 3.0",
    "excludes": [
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    "codes": [
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    "regions": [
      {
        "code": "CPP",
        "name": "Cape Provinces",
        "continent": "AFRICA",
        "region": "Southern Africa"
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  "phenology": {
    "n": 145,
    "n_annotated": 146,
    "sufficient": true,
    "by_month": [
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    "peak_basis": "share",
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    "doi": "10.15468/dl.cgje2x",
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    "quality_grade": "research (guaranteed upstream by iNaturalist at export)",
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      "by_month": "observations found IN FLOWER, by month (Jan..Dec)",
      "annotated_by_month": "observations in which a human recorded the reproductive state at all, by month. This is the denominator, and it includes the records that said \"no flowers or fruits\".",
      "share": "by_month / annotated_by_month. null where too few plants were examined to state a proportion.",
      "ci": "95% Wilson score interval on share.",
      "peak_month": "the month with the highest SHARE, not the highest count."
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  "traits": {
    "lifeform": "subshrub or shrub",
    "climate": "subtropical"
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      "model": "Google AIY plants V1 (TFLite, 2,102 classes)",
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    },
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    "benchmark_url": "https://botanai.app/accuracy/",
    "confused_with": []
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      "name": "World Flora Online Plant List",
      "note": "accepted name, authority, classification",
      "license": "CC0",
      "url": "https://www.worldfloraonline.org/",
      "retrieved": "2026-07-12"
    },
    {
      "name": "iNaturalist",
      "note": "photographs and flowering annotations, CC0 / CC BY / CC BY-SA only",
      "license": "per photograph",
      "url": "https://www.inaturalist.org/",
      "retrieved": "2026-06-27"
    },
    {
      "name": "Wikidata",
      "note": "common name (P1843), joined on the World Flora Online identifier (P7715)",
      "license": "CC0",
      "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/",
      "retrieved": "2026-07-13"
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      "name": "Kew, World Checklist of Vascular Plants (WCVP v16)",
      "note": "native distribution by TDWG level-3 botanical country, and life form",
      "license": "CC BY 3.0",
      "url": "https://doi.org/10.15468/6h8ucr",
      "retrieved": "2026-06-04"
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  ],
  "gaps": [
    {
      "field": "care",
      "status": "not_published",
      "reason": "Not published anywhere on this site. Every care claim we could make cheaply would be an unsourced enum, which is what the previous version of this site did and why it was deleted."
    },
    {
      "field": "toxicity",
      "status": "not_published",
      "reason": "Not published. The widely copied list is a copyrighted compilation restricted to noncommercial use, and we will not scrape it. A sourced toxicity dataset is being built from primary literature and is not ready."
    },
    {
      "field": "botanical_review",
      "status": "not_sourced",
      "reason": "No page on this site has been reviewed by a named botanist. The determination label says so, on every page."
    }
  ],
  "license": {
    "data": "CC BY 4.0",
    "attribution": "BotanAI, https://botanai.app/plants/struthiola-ciliata/",
    "note": "This document is licensed CC BY 4.0. The PHOTOGRAPHS it links are licensed individually and separately: each carries its own license and license_url, and those terms govern. Underlying taxonomy is CC0 (World Flora Online); native range is CC BY 3.0 (Kew)."
  }
}