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    "scientific": "Stipellula capensis",
    "authorship": "(Thunb.) Röser & Hamasha",
    "genus": "Stipellula",
    "epithet": "capensis",
    "family": "Poaceae",
    "rank": "species",
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    "is_homonym": false,
    "published_in": "Schlechtendalia 24: 92 (2012)",
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        "name": "Stipa capensis",
        "authorship": "Thunb."
      },
      {
        "name": "Stipa capensis var. tortilis",
        "authorship": "(Desf.) Breistr."
      },
      {
        "name": "Stipa humilis",
        "authorship": "Brot."
      },
      {
        "name": "Stipa liwinowii",
        "authorship": "Roshev."
      },
      {
        "name": "Stipa seminuda",
        "authorship": "Vahl ex Hornem."
      },
      {
        "name": "Stipa tenacissima",
        "authorship": "Ucria"
      },
      {
        "name": "Stipa tortilis",
        "authorship": "Desf."
      },
      {
        "name": "Stipa tortilis var. pubescens",
        "authorship": "Ball"
      },
      {
        "name": "Stipella capensis",
        "authorship": "(Thunb.) Röser & Hamasha"
      },
      {
        "name": "Stipellula capensis var. pubescens",
        "authorship": "(Ball) F.M.Vázquez"
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      {
        "code": "CNY",
        "name": "Canary Is.",
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      {
        "code": "CPP",
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      {
        "code": "EGY",
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      },
      {
        "code": "LBY",
        "name": "Libya",
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      },
      {
        "code": "MDR",
        "name": "Madeira",
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      },
      {
        "code": "MTN",
        "name": "Mauritania",
        "continent": "AFRICA",
        "region": "West Tropical Africa"
      },
      {
        "code": "MOR",
        "name": "Morocco",
        "continent": "AFRICA",
        "region": "Northern Africa"
      },
      {
        "code": "TUN",
        "name": "Tunisia",
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        "region": "Northern Africa"
      },
      {
        "code": "WSA",
        "name": "Western Sahara",
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        "region": "Northern Africa"
      },
      {
        "code": "AFG",
        "name": "Afghanistan",
        "continent": "ASIA-TEMPERATE",
        "region": "Western Asia"
      },
      {
        "code": "CYP",
        "name": "Cyprus",
        "continent": "ASIA-TEMPERATE",
        "region": "Western Asia"
      },
      {
        "code": "EAI",
        "name": "East Aegean Is.",
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        "region": "Western Asia"
      },
      {
        "code": "GST",
        "name": "Gulf States",
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        "region": "Arabian Peninsula"
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      {
        "code": "IRN",
        "name": "Iran",
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        "region": "Western Asia"
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        "code": "KUW",
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        "code": "LBS",
        "name": "Lebanon-Syria",
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        "region": "Western Asia"
      },
      {
        "code": "NCS",
        "name": "North Caucasus",
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        "region": "Caucasus"
      },
      {
        "code": "OMA",
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      },
      {
        "code": "PAL",
        "name": "Palestine",
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        "region": "Western Asia"
      },
      {
        "code": "SAU",
        "name": "Saudi Arabia",
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        "region": "Arabian Peninsula"
      },
      {
        "code": "SIN",
        "name": "Sinai",
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        "code": "TKM",
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        "name": "Türkiye",
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      },
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        "name": "India",
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        "region": "Indian Subcontinent"
      },
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        "code": "PAK",
        "name": "Pakistan",
        "continent": "ASIA-TROPICAL",
        "region": "Indian Subcontinent"
      },
      {
        "code": "ALB",
        "name": "Albania",
        "continent": "EUROPE",
        "region": "Southeastern Europe"
      },
      {
        "code": "BAL",
        "name": "Baleares",
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        "region": "Southwestern Europe"
      },
      {
        "code": "COR",
        "name": "Corse",
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        "region": "Southwestern Europe"
      },
      {
        "code": "FRA",
        "name": "France",
        "continent": "EUROPE",
        "region": "Southwestern Europe"
      },
      {
        "code": "GRC",
        "name": "Greece",
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        "region": "Southeastern Europe"
      },
      {
        "code": "ITA",
        "name": "Italy",
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        "region": "Southeastern Europe"
      },
      {
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        "region": "Southeastern Europe"
      },
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        "name": "NW. Balkan Pen.",
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        "region": "Southeastern Europe"
      },
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        "code": "POR",
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        "region": "Southwestern Europe"
      },
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        "region": "Southwestern Europe"
      },
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        "code": "SIC",
        "name": "Sicilia",
        "continent": "EUROPE",
        "region": "Southeastern Europe"
      },
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        "code": "SPA",
        "name": "Spain",
        "continent": "EUROPE",
        "region": "Southwestern Europe"
      },
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        "name": "Türkiye-in-Europe",
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        "region": "Southeastern Europe"
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    "n": 22,
    "n_annotated": 41,
    "sufficient": false,
    "doi": null,
    "source": "GBIF SQL download of iNaturalist Research-grade Observations",
    "quality_grade": "research (guaranteed upstream by iNaturalist at export)",
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      "annotated_by_month": "observations in which a human recorded the reproductive state at all, by month. This is the denominator, and it includes the records that said \"no flowers or fruits\".",
      "share": "by_month / annotated_by_month. null where too few plants were examined to state a proportion.",
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      "peak_month": "the month with the highest SHARE, not the highest count."
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    "lifeform": "annual or biennial",
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      "median": 18.6,
      "p95": 22.8
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    "temp_seasonality": {
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      "median": 593.4,
      "p95": 703.3
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      "p95": 40.6
    },
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      "median": 7.3,
      "p95": 13.8
    },
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      "median": 323.2,
      "p95": 818
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    "precip_seasonality": {
      "p5": 39,
      "median": 74.7,
      "p95": 92.3
    },
    "precip_driest_quarter_mm": {
      "p5": 3.1,
      "median": 15.3,
      "p95": 76.9
    },
    "n": 667,
    "units": {
      "mean_annual_temp_c": "degrees Celsius",
      "min_temp_coldest_month_c": "degrees Celsius (mean daily MINIMUM of the coldest month)",
      "max_temp_warmest_month_c": "degrees Celsius (mean daily MAXIMUM of the warmest month)",
      "annual_precip_mm": "millimetres per year",
      "precip_driest_quarter_mm": "millimetres in the driest quarter"
    },
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    "citation": "Karger, D.N. et al. (2017) Climatologies at high resolution for the earth's land surface areas. Scientific Data 4, 170122.",
    "occurrences": "iNaturalist Research-grade Observations",
    "occurrences_doi": null,
    "method": "Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 667 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.",
    "is_hardiness_zone": false,
    "hardiness_zone_note": "min_temp_coldest_month_c is NOT a USDA hardiness zone. A USDA zone is the average annual EXTREME minimum temperature; this is the mean daily minimum of the coldest month, which is typically about 16 C warmer. Do not present one as the other."
  },
  "identification": {
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    "confused_with": []
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      "url": "https://www.worldfloraonline.org/",
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    },
    {
      "name": "iNaturalist",
      "note": "photographs and flowering annotations, CC0 / CC BY / CC BY-SA only",
      "license": "per photograph",
      "url": "https://www.inaturalist.org/",
      "retrieved": "2026-06-27"
    },
    {
      "name": "USDA PLANTS Database",
      "note": "common name, checklist symbol STTE13",
      "license": "public domain",
      "url": "https://plants.usda.gov/",
      "retrieved": "2026-07-13"
    },
    {
      "name": "Kew, World Checklist of Vascular Plants (WCVP v16)",
      "note": "native distribution by TDWG level-3 botanical country, and life form",
      "license": "CC BY 3.0",
      "url": "https://doi.org/10.15468/6h8ucr",
      "retrieved": "2026-06-04"
    }
  ],
  "gaps": [
    {
      "field": "care",
      "status": "not_published",
      "reason": "Not published anywhere on this site. Every care claim we could make cheaply would be an unsourced enum, which is what the previous version of this site did and why it was deleted."
    },
    {
      "field": "toxicity",
      "status": "not_published",
      "reason": "Not published. The widely copied list is a copyrighted compilation restricted to noncommercial use, and we will not scrape it. A sourced toxicity dataset is being built from primary literature and is not ready."
    },
    {
      "field": "botanical_review",
      "status": "not_sourced",
      "reason": "No page on this site has been reviewed by a named botanist. The determination label says so, on every page."
    },
    {
      "field": "hardiness_zone",
      "status": "not_published",
      "reason": "Not published for any species. A USDA hardiness zone is the average annual EXTREME minimum temperature, and we hold the mean daily minimum of the coldest month, which is a different quantity and typically about 16 C warmer. Presenting one as the other would place a plant several zones too warm, so we do not publish a zone at all."
    },
    {
      "field": "phenology",
      "status": "insufficient_evidence",
      "reason": "Only 22 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one."
    }
  ],
  "license": {
    "data": "CC BY 4.0",
    "attribution": "BotanAI, https://botanai.app/plants/stipellula-capensis/",
    "note": "This document is licensed CC BY 4.0. The PHOTOGRAPHS it links are licensed individually and separately: each carries its own license and license_url, and those terms govern. Underlying taxonomy is CC0 (World Flora Online); native range is CC BY 3.0 (Kew)."
  }
}