{
  "$schema": "https://botanai.app/schema/species-v1.json",
  "schema_version": 1,
  "url": "https://botanai.app/plants/sphagnum-palustre/",
  "last_modified": "2026-06-03",
  "id": {
    "slug": "sphagnum-palustre",
    "wfo": "wfo-0001189927",
    "inat_taxon_id": 169228
  },
  "name": {
    "scientific": "Sphagnum palustre",
    "authorship": "L.",
    "genus": "Sphagnum",
    "epithet": "palustre",
    "family": "Sphagnaceae",
    "rank": "species",
    "taxonomic_status": "accepted",
    "accepted_according_to": "World Flora Online Plant List, 2026-06",
    "is_homonym": false,
    "published_in": "Sp. Pl. 2: 1106. 1753.",
    "protologue_url": "https://www.bryonames.org/",
    "common": {
      "preferred": "Prairie sphagnum moss",
      "english": [
        "Prairie sphagnum moss",
        "blunt-leaved bog-moss",
        "prairie sphagnum"
      ],
      "source": "wikidata"
    },
    "synonyms": [
      {
        "name": "Gymnostomum obtusifolium",
        "authorship": "(Ehrh. ex Hoffm.) Rebent."
      },
      {
        "name": "Sphagnum antarcticum var. lonchocladum",
        "authorship": "(Müll.Hal.) Warnst."
      },
      {
        "name": "Sphagnum assamicum",
        "authorship": "Müll.Hal."
      },
      {
        "name": "Sphagnum cymbifolioides",
        "authorship": "Breutel"
      },
      {
        "name": "Sphagnum cymbifolium",
        "authorship": "Hedw."
      },
      {
        "name": "Sphagnum cymbifolium f. brachycladum",
        "authorship": "Warnst."
      },
      {
        "name": "Sphagnum cymbifolium f. confertum",
        "authorship": "Wheldon"
      },
      {
        "name": "Sphagnum cymbifolium f. deflexum",
        "authorship": "(Schlieph. ex Warnst.) Cardot"
      },
      {
        "name": "Sphagnum cymbifolium f. deflexum",
        "authorship": "Grav. ex Warnst."
      },
      {
        "name": "Sphagnum cymbifolium f. flagelliferum",
        "authorship": "Wheldon"
      },
      {
        "name": "Sphagnum cymbifolium f. fuscescens",
        "authorship": "Warnst."
      },
      {
        "name": "Sphagnum cymbifolium f. globiceps",
        "authorship": "Schlieph."
      },
      {
        "name": "Sphagnum cymbifolium f. hampeanum",
        "authorship": "Warnst."
      },
      {
        "name": "Sphagnum cymbifolium f. immersum",
        "authorship": "Grav. ex Warnst."
      },
      {
        "name": "Sphagnum cymbifolium f. laxum",
        "authorship": "(Röll) Warnst."
      },
      {
        "name": "Sphagnum cymbifolium f. laxum",
        "authorship": "Warnst."
      },
      {
        "name": "Sphagnum cymbifolium f. macrocephalum",
        "authorship": "(Cardot ex Bernet) Cardot"
      },
      {
        "name": "Sphagnum cymbifolium f. pycnocladum",
        "authorship": "Grav. ex Warnst."
      },
      {
        "name": "Sphagnum cymbifolium f. pycnocladum",
        "authorship": "(Mart.) Cardot"
      },
      {
        "name": "Sphagnum cymbifolium f. repens",
        "authorship": "Röll"
      },
      {
        "name": "Sphagnum cymbifolium f. rigidum",
        "authorship": "Röll"
      },
      {
        "name": "Sphagnum cymbifolium f. squarrosulum",
        "authorship": "(Nees & Hornsch.) Cardot"
      },
      {
        "name": "Sphagnum cymbifolium subf. immersum",
        "authorship": "(Grav. ex Warnst.) Warnst."
      },
      {
        "name": "Sphagnum cymbifolium subsp. vulgare",
        "authorship": "(Michx.) Warnst."
      },
      {
        "name": "Sphagnum cymbifolium var. americanum",
        "authorship": "P.Beauv."
      },
      {
        "name": "Sphagnum cymbifolium var. atroviride",
        "authorship": "Schlieph. ex Röll"
      },
      {
        "name": "Sphagnum cymbifolium var. brachycladum",
        "authorship": "(Warnst.) Delogne"
      },
      {
        "name": "Sphagnum cymbifolium var. carneopallescens",
        "authorship": "Jaap"
      },
      {
        "name": "Sphagnum cymbifolium var. compactum",
        "authorship": "Schlieph. & Warnst. ex Cardot"
      },
      {
        "name": "Sphagnum cymbifolium var. congestum",
        "authorship": "(Röll) Paris"
      },
      {
        "name": "Sphagnum cymbifolium var. contortum",
        "authorship": "(Röll) Paris"
      },
      {
        "name": "Sphagnum cymbifolium var. cymbifolioides",
        "authorship": "(Breutel) Steud."
      },
      {
        "name": "Sphagnum cymbifolium var. deflexum",
        "authorship": "Schlieph. ex Warnst."
      },
      {
        "name": "Sphagnum cymbifolium var. flaccidum",
        "authorship": "Wallr."
      },
      {
        "name": "Sphagnum cymbifolium var. flavescens",
        "authorship": "Russow ex Warnst."
      },
      {
        "name": "Sphagnum cymbifolium var. flavofuscescens",
        "authorship": "Warnst."
      },
      {
        "name": "Sphagnum cymbifolium var. flavoglaucescens",
        "authorship": "Russow ex Warnst."
      },
      {
        "name": "Sphagnum cymbifolium var. flavovirescens",
        "authorship": "Warnst."
      },
      {
        "name": "Sphagnum cymbifolium var. fluitans",
        "authorship": "(Turner) Brid."
      },
      {
        "name": "Sphagnum cymbifolium var. fuscescens",
        "authorship": "(Warnst.) Warnst."
      },
      {
        "name": "Sphagnum cymbifolium var. fuscoflavescens",
        "authorship": "Russow"
      },
      {
        "name": "Sphagnum cymbifolium var. fuscoglaucescens",
        "authorship": "Warnst."
      },
      {
        "name": "Sphagnum cymbifolium var. fuscopallens",
        "authorship": "Warnst."
      },
      {
        "name": "Sphagnum cymbifolium var. fuscorubescens",
        "authorship": "Warnst."
      },
      {
        "name": "Sphagnum cymbifolium var. fuscum",
        "authorship": "Warnst."
      },
      {
        "name": "Sphagnum cymbifolium var. glaucescens",
        "authorship": "Warnst."
      },
      {
        "name": "Sphagnum cymbifolium var. glaucescens",
        "authorship": "C.E.O.Jensen"
      },
      {
        "name": "Sphagnum cymbifolium var. glaucopallens",
        "authorship": "Warnst."
      },
      {
        "name": "Sphagnum cymbifolium var. glaucum",
        "authorship": "(H.Klinggr.) Péterfi"
      },
      {
        "name": "Sphagnum cymbifolium var. globiceps",
        "authorship": "(Schlieph.) Paris"
      },
      {
        "name": "Sphagnum cymbifolium var. hampeanum",
        "authorship": "(Warnst.) Warnst."
      },
      {
        "name": "Sphagnum cymbifolium var. imbricatum",
        "authorship": "Röll"
      },
      {
        "name": "Sphagnum cymbifolium var. latifolium",
        "authorship": "(Weiss) Dozy & Molk."
      },
      {
        "name": "Sphagnum cymbifolium var. laxum",
        "authorship": "(Warnst.) Warnst."
      },
      {
        "name": "Sphagnum cymbifolium var. laxum",
        "authorship": "(Röll) Paris"
      },
      {
        "name": "Sphagnum cymbifolium var. longifolium",
        "authorship": "Brid."
      },
      {
        "name": "Sphagnum cymbifolium var. longissimum",
        "authorship": "Brid."
      },
      {
        "name": "Sphagnum cymbifolium var. macrocephalum",
        "authorship": "Cardot ex Bernet"
      },
      {
        "name": "Sphagnum cymbifolium var. microphyllum",
        "authorship": "Röll ex Bott."
      },
      {
        "name": "Sphagnum cymbifolium var. molle",
        "authorship": "Schlieph. ex Röll"
      },
      {
        "name": "Sphagnum cymbifolium var. obtusifolium",
        "authorship": "(Ehrh. ex Hoffm.) Dozy & Molk."
      },
      {
        "name": "Sphagnum cymbifolium var. pallescens",
        "authorship": "Warnst."
      },
      {
        "name": "Sphagnum cymbifolium var. pallescens",
        "authorship": "Warnst. ex Cardot"
      },
      {
        "name": "Sphagnum cymbifolium var. patulum",
        "authorship": "Bott."
      },
      {
        "name": "Sphagnum cymbifolium var. platyphyllum",
        "authorship": "(Röll) Paris"
      },
      {
        "name": "Sphagnum cymbifolium var. purpurascens",
        "authorship": "Warnst."
      },
      {
        "name": "Sphagnum cymbifolium var. pycnocladum",
        "authorship": "(Mart.) Nees & Hornsch."
      },
      {
        "name": "Sphagnum cymbifolium var. repens",
        "authorship": "(Röll) Bott."
      },
      {
        "name": "Sphagnum cymbifolium var. revolutum",
        "authorship": "Warnst."
      },
      {
        "name": "Sphagnum cymbifolium var. rigidum",
        "authorship": "(Röll) Röll"
      },
      {
        "name": "Sphagnum cymbifolium var. roellii",
        "authorship": "Schlieph."
      },
      {
        "name": "Sphagnum cymbifolium var. rubescens",
        "authorship": "Warnst."
      },
      {
        "name": "Sphagnum cymbifolium var. schliephackeanum",
        "authorship": "(Röll) Paris"
      },
      {
        "name": "Sphagnum cymbifolium var. squarrosulum",
        "authorship": "Nees & Hornsch."
      },
      {
        "name": "Sphagnum cymbifolium var. stenophyllum",
        "authorship": "(Braithw.) Dixon"
      },
      {
        "name": "Sphagnum cymbifolium var. subbicolor",
        "authorship": "(Hampe) Warnst."
      },
      {
        "name": "Sphagnum cymbifolium var. subcarneum",
        "authorship": "J.J.Amann"
      },
      {
        "name": "Sphagnum cymbifolium var. tenue",
        "authorship": "(Röll) Paris"
      },
      {
        "name": "Sphagnum cymbifolium var. turgidum",
        "authorship": "Girg."
      },
      {
        "name": "Sphagnum cymbifolium var. versicolor",
        "authorship": "Warnst."
      },
      {
        "name": "Sphagnum cymbifolium var. virescens",
        "authorship": "Russow"
      },
      {
        "name": "Sphagnum cymbifolium var. vulgare",
        "authorship": "Warnst."
      },
      {
        "name": "Sphagnum deflexum",
        "authorship": "Gilib."
      },
      {
        "name": "Sphagnum glaucum",
        "authorship": "H.Klinggr."
      },
      {
        "name": "Sphagnum glaucum var. atroviride",
        "authorship": "(Schlieph. ex Röll) Röll"
      },
      {
        "name": "Sphagnum glaucum var. brachycladum",
        "authorship": "Röll"
      },
      {
        "name": "Sphagnum glaucum var. congestum",
        "authorship": "Röll"
      },
      {
        "name": "Sphagnum glaucum var. contortum",
        "authorship": "Röll"
      },
      {
        "name": "Sphagnum glaucum var. deflexum",
        "authorship": "(Grav. ex Warnst.) Röll"
      },
      {
        "name": "Sphagnum glaucum var. globiceps",
        "authorship": "(Schlieph.) Röll"
      },
      {
        "name": "Sphagnum glaucum var. imbricatum",
        "authorship": "Röll"
      },
      {
        "name": "Sphagnum glaucum var. immersum",
        "authorship": "(Grav. ex Warnst.) Röll"
      },
      {
        "name": "Sphagnum glaucum var. laxum",
        "authorship": "Röll"
      },
      {
        "name": "Sphagnum glaucum var. microphyllum",
        "authorship": "Röll"
      },
      {
        "name": "Sphagnum glaucum var. ochraceum",
        "authorship": "Röll"
      },
      {
        "name": "Sphagnum glaucum var. patulum",
        "authorship": "Röll"
      },
      {
        "name": "Sphagnum glaucum var. platyphyllum",
        "authorship": "Röll"
      },
      {
        "name": "Sphagnum glaucum var. pycnocladum",
        "authorship": "Röll"
      },
      {
        "name": "Sphagnum glaucum var. rigidum",
        "authorship": "Röll"
      },
      {
        "name": "Sphagnum glaucum var. roellii",
        "authorship": "(Schlieph.) Röll"
      },
      {
        "name": "Sphagnum glaucum var. schliephackeanum",
        "authorship": "Röll"
      },
      {
        "name": "Sphagnum glaucum var. squarrosulum",
        "authorship": "(Nees & Hornsch.) Röll"
      },
      {
        "name": "Sphagnum glaucum var. tenue",
        "authorship": "Röll"
      },
      {
        "name": "Sphagnum japonicum",
        "authorship": "Warnst."
      },
      {
        "name": "Sphagnum japonicum var. gracile",
        "authorship": "Warnst."
      },
      {
        "name": "Sphagnum japonicum var. macrophyllum",
        "authorship": "Warnst."
      },
      {
        "name": "Sphagnum klinggraeffii",
        "authorship": "Röll"
      },
      {
        "name": "Sphagnum klinggraeffii var. brachycladum",
        "authorship": "(Röll) Röll"
      },
      {
        "name": "Sphagnum klinggraeffii var. congestum",
        "authorship": "(Röll) Röll"
      },
      {
        "name": "Sphagnum klinggraeffii var. contortum",
        "authorship": "(Röll) Röll"
      },
      {
        "name": "Sphagnum klinggraeffii var. deflexum",
        "authorship": "(Grav. ex Warnst.) Röll"
      },
      {
        "name": "Sphagnum klinggraeffii var. imbricatum",
        "authorship": "(Röll) Röll"
      },
      {
        "name": "Sphagnum klinggraeffii var. laxum",
        "authorship": "(Röll) Paris"
      },
      {
        "name": "Sphagnum klinggraeffii var. microphyllum",
        "authorship": "(Röll) Röll"
      },
      {
        "name": "Sphagnum klinggraeffii var. patulum",
        "authorship": "(Röll) Röll"
      },
      {
        "name": "Sphagnum klinggraeffii var. platyphyllum",
        "authorship": "(Röll) Röll"
      },
      {
        "name": "Sphagnum klinggraeffii var. pycnocladum",
        "authorship": "(Röll) Röll"
      },
      {
        "name": "Sphagnum klinggraeffii var. roellii",
        "authorship": "(Schlieph.) Röll"
      },
      {
        "name": "Sphagnum latifolium",
        "authorship": "Hedw."
      },
      {
        "name": "Sphagnum latifolium var. brachycladum",
        "authorship": "(Warnst.) Jenn."
      },
      {
        "name": "Sphagnum latifolium var. fluitans",
        "authorship": "Turner"
      },
      {
        "name": "Sphagnum latifolium var. oblongum",
        "authorship": "(P.Beauv.) Spreng."
      },
      {
        "name": "Sphagnum latifolium var. squarrosulum",
        "authorship": "(Nees & Hornsch.) Jenn."
      },
      {
        "name": "Sphagnum lonchocladum",
        "authorship": "Müll.Hal."
      },
      {
        "name": "Sphagnum magellanicum var. pallescens",
        "authorship": "(Warnst. ex Cardot) C.E.O.Jensen"
      },
      {
        "name": "Sphagnum medium var. pallescens",
        "authorship": "(Warnst. ex Cardot) Warnst."
      },
      {
        "name": "Sphagnum oblongum",
        "authorship": "P.Beauv."
      },
      {
        "name": "Sphagnum obtusifolium",
        "authorship": "Ehrh. ex Hoffm."
      },
      {
        "name": "Sphagnum obtusifolium var. americanum",
        "authorship": "Sw."
      },
      {
        "name": "Sphagnum obtusifolium var. fluitans",
        "authorship": "(Turner) Hook. & Taylor"
      },
      {
        "name": "Sphagnum obtusifolium var. pycnocladum",
        "authorship": "Mart."
      },
      {
        "name": "Sphagnum obtusifolium var. vulgaris",
        "authorship": "Hook. & Taylor"
      },
      {
        "name": "Sphagnum palustre subsp. cymbifolium",
        "authorship": "Russow"
      },
      {
        "name": "Sphagnum palustre subsp. klinggraeffii",
        "authorship": "Bott."
      },
      {
        "name": "Sphagnum palustre subsp. palustre",
        "authorship": null
      },
      {
        "name": "Sphagnum palustre subsp. pseudocymbifolium",
        "authorship": "(Müll.Hal.) A.Eddy"
      },
      {
        "name": "Sphagnum palustre subsp. subbicolor",
        "authorship": "(Hampe) Bott."
      },
      {
        "name": "Sphagnum palustre var. brachycladum",
        "authorship": "(Röll) Bott."
      },
      {
        "name": "Sphagnum palustre var. brachycladum",
        "authorship": "(Warnst.) Röll"
      },
      {
        "name": "Sphagnum palustre var. capitatum",
        "authorship": "Bott."
      },
      {
        "name": "Sphagnum palustre var. compactum",
        "authorship": "Röll"
      },
      {
        "name": "Sphagnum palustre var. compactum",
        "authorship": "(Röll) Bott."
      },
      {
        "name": "Sphagnum palustre var. congestum",
        "authorship": "(Röll) Bott."
      },
      {
        "name": "Sphagnum palustre var. contortum",
        "authorship": "(Röll) Bott."
      },
      {
        "name": "Sphagnum palustre var. cymbifolium",
        "authorship": "Ehrh."
      },
      {
        "name": "Sphagnum palustre var. deflexum",
        "authorship": "Bott."
      },
      {
        "name": "Sphagnum palustre var. deflexum",
        "authorship": "(Schlieph. ex Warnst.) Röll"
      },
      {
        "name": "Sphagnum palustre var. fluitans",
        "authorship": "(Turner) Röll"
      },
      {
        "name": "Sphagnum palustre var. globiceps",
        "authorship": "(Schlieph.) Röll"
      },
      {
        "name": "Sphagnum palustre var. gracile",
        "authorship": "Röll ex Bott."
      },
      {
        "name": "Sphagnum palustre var. gracile",
        "authorship": "Röll"
      },
      {
        "name": "Sphagnum palustre var. hampei",
        "authorship": "Venturi & Bott."
      },
      {
        "name": "Sphagnum palustre var. imbricatum",
        "authorship": "Röll"
      },
      {
        "name": "Sphagnum palustre var. imbricatum",
        "authorship": "(Röll) Bott."
      },
      {
        "name": "Sphagnum palustre var. immersum",
        "authorship": "(Grav. ex Warnst.) Röll"
      },
      {
        "name": "Sphagnum palustre var. latifolium",
        "authorship": "Weiss"
      },
      {
        "name": "Sphagnum palustre var. laxum",
        "authorship": "(Warnst.) Röll"
      },
      {
        "name": "Sphagnum palustre var. laxum",
        "authorship": "(Röll) Bott."
      },
      {
        "name": "Sphagnum palustre var. molle",
        "authorship": "(Schlieph. ex Röll) Röll"
      },
      {
        "name": "Sphagnum palustre var. obtusifolium",
        "authorship": "(Ehrh. ex Hoffm.) Lilj."
      },
      {
        "name": "Sphagnum palustre var. pallescens",
        "authorship": "Ihsiba"
      },
      {
        "name": "Sphagnum palustre var. palustre",
        "authorship": null
      },
      {
        "name": "Sphagnum palustre var. patulum",
        "authorship": "(Röll) Bott."
      },
      {
        "name": "Sphagnum palustre var. patulum",
        "authorship": "(Röll) Bott."
      },
      {
        "name": "Sphagnum palustre var. pycnocladum",
        "authorship": "(Röll) Bott."
      },
      {
        "name": "Sphagnum palustre var. pycnocladum",
        "authorship": "(Röll ex Bott.) Bott."
      },
      {
        "name": "Sphagnum palustre var. pycnocladum",
        "authorship": "(Mart.) Röll"
      },
      {
        "name": "Sphagnum palustre var. repens",
        "authorship": "(Röll) Röll"
      },
      {
        "name": "Sphagnum palustre var. repens",
        "authorship": "Bott."
      },
      {
        "name": "Sphagnum palustre var. rigidum",
        "authorship": "(Röll) Röll"
      },
      {
        "name": "Sphagnum palustre var. schliephackeanum",
        "authorship": "(Röll) Wijk & Margad."
      },
      {
        "name": "Sphagnum palustre var. squarrosulum",
        "authorship": "Bott."
      },
      {
        "name": "Sphagnum palustre var. squarrosulum",
        "authorship": "(Nees & Hornsch.) Venturi & Bott."
      },
      {
        "name": "Sphagnum palustre var. strictum",
        "authorship": "Bott."
      },
      {
        "name": "Sphagnum palustre var. virescens",
        "authorship": "(Russow) Ihsiba"
      },
      {
        "name": "Sphagnum papillosum var. stenophyllum",
        "authorship": "Braithw."
      },
      {
        "name": "Sphagnum pseudocymbifolium",
        "authorship": "Müll.Hal."
      },
      {
        "name": "Sphagnum siamense",
        "authorship": "Dixon"
      },
      {
        "name": "Sphagnum subbicolor",
        "authorship": "Hampe"
      },
      {
        "name": "Sphagnum subbicolor var. brachycladum",
        "authorship": "Péterfi"
      },
      {
        "name": "Sphagnum subbicolor var. compactum",
        "authorship": "Röll"
      },
      {
        "name": "Sphagnum subbicolor var. patulum",
        "authorship": "Röll"
      },
      {
        "name": "Sphagnum subbicolor var. pycnocladum",
        "authorship": "Röll ex Bott."
      },
      {
        "name": "Sphagnum subbicolor var. subfuscescens",
        "authorship": "Péterfi"
      },
      {
        "name": "Sphagnum suberythrocalyx",
        "authorship": "Müll.Hal. ex Warnst."
      },
      {
        "name": "Sphagnum sulphureum",
        "authorship": "Warnst."
      },
      {
        "name": "Sphagnum vulgare",
        "authorship": "Michx."
      }
    ],
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sphagnum_palustre"
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  "traits": {
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    "climate": null
  },
  "identification": {
    "on_device_model": {
      "model": "Google AIY plants V1 (TFLite, 2,102 classes)",
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    },
    "in_accuracy_benchmark": false,
    "benchmark_url": "https://botanai.app/accuracy/",
    "confused_with": []
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  "sources": [
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      "name": "World Flora Online Plant List",
      "note": "accepted name, authority, classification",
      "license": "CC0",
      "url": "https://www.worldfloraonline.org/",
      "retrieved": "2026-07-12"
    },
    {
      "name": "iNaturalist",
      "note": "photographs and flowering annotations, CC0 / CC BY / CC BY-SA only",
      "license": "per photograph",
      "url": "https://www.inaturalist.org/",
      "retrieved": "2026-06-27"
    },
    {
      "name": "Wikidata",
      "note": "common name (P1843), joined on the World Flora Online identifier (P7715)",
      "license": "CC0",
      "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/",
      "retrieved": "2026-07-13"
    }
  ],
  "gaps": [
    {
      "field": "care",
      "status": "not_published",
      "reason": "Not published anywhere on this site. Every care claim we could make cheaply would be an unsourced enum, which is what the previous version of this site did and why it was deleted."
    },
    {
      "field": "toxicity",
      "status": "not_published",
      "reason": "Not published. The widely copied list is a copyrighted compilation restricted to noncommercial use, and we will not scrape it. A sourced toxicity dataset is being built from primary literature and is not ready."
    },
    {
      "field": "botanical_review",
      "status": "not_sourced",
      "reason": "No page on this site has been reviewed by a named botanist. The determination label says so, on every page."
    },
    {
      "field": "native_range",
      "status": "not_sourced",
      "reason": "Kew's World Checklist of Vascular Plants does not cover this taxon."
    },
    {
      "field": "phenology",
      "status": "not_sourced",
      "reason": "No dated flowering annotations found for this taxon."
    }
  ],
  "license": {
    "data": "CC BY 4.0",
    "attribution": "BotanAI, https://botanai.app/plants/sphagnum-palustre/",
    "note": "This document is licensed CC BY 4.0. The PHOTOGRAPHS it links are licensed individually and separately: each carries its own license and license_url, and those terms govern. Underlying taxonomy is CC0 (World Flora Online); native range is CC BY 3.0 (Kew)."
  }
}