Solanum stramoniifoliumJacq.

WFO wfo-0001031497 Accepted WFO 2026-06 8 photographs CC BY

Plate 1 figs. a–h · 8 separate observations

Solanum stramoniifolium, photographed by Helio Lourencini
fig. a Helio Lourencini, CC BY 4.0 / 2022-04-30 / obs. 192461633
Solanum stramoniifolium, photographed by Helio Lourencini
fig. b Helio Lourencini, CC BY 4.0 / obs. 193046615
Solanum stramoniifolium, photographed by Guillaume Delaitre
fig. c Guillaume Delaitre, CC BY 4.0 / obs. 159012669
Solanum stramoniifolium, photographed by Gerry van Tonder
fig. d Gerry van Tonder, CC BY 4.0 / obs. 50945256
Solanum stramoniifolium, photographed by Paul Prior
fig. e Paul Prior, CC BY 4.0 / obs. 30934528
Solanum stramoniifolium, photographed by Diogo Luiz
fig. f Diogo Luiz, CC BY 4.0 / obs. 179291431
Solanum stramoniifolium, photographed by Diogo Luiz
fig. g Diogo Luiz, CC BY 4.0 / obs. 179291443
Solanum stramoniifolium, photographed by Guillaume Delaitre
fig. h Guillaume Delaitre, CC BY 4.0 / obs. 175043338

Every figure is a research-grade observation under CC0, CC BY or CC BY-SA, rehosted with the photographer’s name, the licence and the observation it came from. Photographs under a NonCommercial licence are excluded from this site and are never stored, which costs us a great many pictures and is not negotiable.

The specimen a real sheet, in a real collection

Herbarium
Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew
Accession
K001058759
Filed as
Solanum stramoniifolium var. stramoniifolium
Det. by
C.E.B. Rojas 1979-01-01
Collected
J.W.H. Traill 1973-12-17
Origin
BR
The sheet
View the digitised specimen (CC BY 4.0)

A real pressed plant, in a real collection, under the accession number above. Not an illustration of one. The holding institution does not serve this sheet’s image to third parties, so there is no photograph here. The record is real and the link goes to it. Where we hold no openly licensed sheet for a species this section is simply absent, and where a sheet never recorded who determined it, that field stays empty rather than being filled in. Roughly half of all herbarium sheets never recorded a determiner, which is ordinary.

Native range 14 botanical countries

Regions where Solanum stramoniifolium is native: Bolivia, Brazil North, Brazil Northeast, Brazil Southeast, Colombia, Ecuador, French Guiana, Guyana, Nicaragua, Panamá, Peru, Suriname, Trinidad-Tobago, Venezuela BoliviaBrazil NorthBrazil NortheastBrazil SoutheastColombiaEcuadorFrench GuianaGuyanaNicaraguaPanamáPeruSurinameTrinidad-TobagoVenezuela
Native distribution of Solanum stramoniifolium, after Kew’s World Checklist of Vascular Plants. Introduced, extinct and doubtful records are excluded, so this is where the plant is from, not everywhere it now grows.
RegionTDWG codeContinent
Bolivia BOL SOUTHERN AMERICA
Brazil North BZN
Brazil Northeast BZE
Brazil Southeast BZL
Colombia CLM
Ecuador ECU
French Guiana FRG
Guyana GUY
Nicaragua NIC
Panamá PAN
Peru PER
Suriname SUR
Trinidad-Tobago TRT
Venezuela VEN

Region boundaries approximated from Natural Earth (public domain) and mapped to TDWG World Geographical Scheme for Recording Plant Distributions (WGSRPD) level-3 botanical countries (Brummitt 2001). Indicative, not the official WGSRPD geometry.

Where it actually grows measured, from 444 observations

Condition 5th percentile Median 95th percentile
Coldest month, mean daily low 19.6 °C 23.2 °C 24.2 °C
Warmest month, mean daily high 27.2 °C 30.4 °C 32.9 °C
Annual rainfall 1,665 mm 2,450 mm 3,478 mm
Rainfall in the driest quarter 95 mm 234 mm 554 mm

It is not found anywhere that gets close to freezing. This is not care advice and it is not a forecast. It is a measurement: we sampled the climate at every one of the 444 research-grade observations of Solanum stramoniifolium that carry a coordinate, and this is the range those places actually span. The 5th and 95th percentiles are used rather than the minimum and maximum, because a single cultivated specimen in a heated conservatory should not widen a tropical plant's range to the Arctic.

This is not a hardiness zone. A USDA zone is the average annual extreme minimum temperature. The figure above is the mean daily minimum of the coldest month, which is a different quantity and is typically far warmer. Reading one as the other would place a plant several zones too warm, so we do not publish a hardiness zone, because we do not have one.

Also published as 15 synonyms

A synonym is not an error. It is a record of botanists disagreeing, in print, about where this plant belongs. Each of these was somebody’s considered answer.

  • Solanum coconilla Huber
  • Solanum demerarense Dunal
  • Solanum demerarense var. demerarense
  • Solanum demerarense var. inerme Dunal
  • Solanum hirsutum Herb.Peurari ex Dunal
  • Solanum liximitante R.E.Schult.
  • Solanum maccai Dunal
  • Solanum platyphyllum Dunal
  • Solanum stramoniifolium Lam.
  • Solanum stramoniifolium Dunal
  • Solanum stramoniifolium var. inerme (Dunal) Whalen
  • Solanum stramoniifolium var. stramoniifolium
  • Solanum toxicarum Rich.
  • Solanum trichocarpum Miq.
  • Solanum undecimangulare Willd.

Sourcesevery claim on this page

  1. World Flora Online Plant List. accepted name, authority, classification. CC0. Retrieved 2026-07-12.
  2. iNaturalist. photographs and flowering annotations, CC0 / CC BY / CC BY-SA only. per photograph. Retrieved 2026-06-27.
  3. Kew, World Checklist of Vascular Plants (WCVP v16). native distribution by TDWG level-3 botanical country, and life form. CC BY 3.0. Retrieved 2026-06-04.

We publish what we can source and we say so when we cannot. This page has no care advice and no toxicity claim, because we do not yet have those from a source we can cite.