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  "last_modified": "2025-12-15",
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    "wfo": "wfo-0000930388",
    "inat_taxon_id": 321283
  },
  "name": {
    "scientific": "Salix repens",
    "authorship": "L.",
    "genus": "Salix",
    "epithet": "repens",
    "family": "Salicaceae",
    "rank": "species",
    "taxonomic_status": "accepted",
    "accepted_according_to": "World Flora Online Plant List, 2026-06",
    "is_homonym": false,
    "published_in": "Sp. Pl. : 1020 (1753)",
    "protologue_url": null,
    "common": {
      "preferred": "creeping willow",
      "english": [
        "creeping willow"
      ],
      "source": "wikidata"
    },
    "synonyms": [
      {
        "name": "Biggina argentea",
        "authorship": "Raf."
      },
      {
        "name": "Diplima arenaria",
        "authorship": "(L.) Raf."
      },
      {
        "name": "Diplima subsessilis",
        "authorship": "Raf."
      },
      {
        "name": "Salix adscendens",
        "authorship": "Sm."
      },
      {
        "name": "Salix ambigua var. microphylla",
        "authorship": "Schultz"
      },
      {
        "name": "Salix angustifolia",
        "authorship": "Wulfen"
      },
      {
        "name": "Salix arenaria",
        "authorship": "L."
      },
      {
        "name": "Salix argentea",
        "authorship": "Sm."
      },
      {
        "name": "Salix argentea",
        "authorship": "Dum.Cours."
      },
      {
        "name": "Salix decumbens",
        "authorship": "J.Forbes"
      },
      {
        "name": "Salix foetida",
        "authorship": "Sm."
      },
      {
        "name": "Salix fusca",
        "authorship": "L."
      },
      {
        "name": "Salix incubacea",
        "authorship": "L."
      },
      {
        "name": "Salix laeta",
        "authorship": "Schultz"
      },
      {
        "name": "Salix laeta var. myrtifolia",
        "authorship": "Schultz"
      },
      {
        "name": "Salix litoralis",
        "authorship": "Host"
      },
      {
        "name": "Salix parvifolia",
        "authorship": "Sm."
      },
      {
        "name": "Salix polymorpha",
        "authorship": "Ehrh."
      },
      {
        "name": "Salix pratensis",
        "authorship": "Host"
      },
      {
        "name": "Salix prostrata",
        "authorship": "Sm."
      },
      {
        "name": "Salix repens subsp. argentea",
        "authorship": "(Fr.) A.Camus & E.G.Camus"
      },
      {
        "name": "Salix repens var. argentea",
        "authorship": "Rchb."
      },
      {
        "name": "Salix repens var. argentea",
        "authorship": "St.-Lag."
      },
      {
        "name": "Salix repens var. latifolia",
        "authorship": "Neilr."
      },
      {
        "name": "Salix repens var. nitida",
        "authorship": "(Ser.) Wender."
      },
      {
        "name": "Salix subalpina",
        "authorship": "J.Forbes"
      },
      {
        "name": "Salix tenuis",
        "authorship": "Host"
      },
      {
        "name": "Salix versicolor",
        "authorship": "J.Forbes"
      },
      {
        "name": "Vimen parvifolia",
        "authorship": "(Sm.) Raf."
      },
      {
        "name": "Vimen repens",
        "authorship": "(L.) Raf."
      }
    ],
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salix_repens"
  },
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  "native_range": {
    "scheme": "TDWG World Geographical Scheme for Recording Plant Distributions, level 3",
    "source": "Kew, World Checklist of Vascular Plants (WCVP v16)",
    "license": "CC BY 3.0",
    "excludes": [
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      "location_doubtful"
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    "codes": [
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      "NOR",
      "POL",
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    ],
    "regions": [
      {
        "code": "AUT",
        "name": "Austria",
        "continent": "EUROPE",
        "region": "Middle Europe"
      },
      {
        "code": "BLT",
        "name": "Baltic States",
        "continent": "EUROPE",
        "region": "Eastern Europe"
      },
      {
        "code": "BGM",
        "name": "Belgium",
        "continent": "EUROPE",
        "region": "Middle Europe"
      },
      {
        "code": "RUC",
        "name": "Central European Russia",
        "continent": "EUROPE",
        "region": "Eastern Europe"
      },
      {
        "code": "CZE",
        "name": "Czechia-Slovakia",
        "continent": "EUROPE",
        "region": "Middle Europe"
      },
      {
        "code": "DEN",
        "name": "Denmark",
        "continent": "EUROPE",
        "region": "Northern Europe"
      },
      {
        "code": "FIN",
        "name": "Finland",
        "continent": "EUROPE",
        "region": "Northern Europe"
      },
      {
        "code": "FRA",
        "name": "France",
        "continent": "EUROPE",
        "region": "Southwestern Europe"
      },
      {
        "code": "GER",
        "name": "Germany",
        "continent": "EUROPE",
        "region": "Middle Europe"
      },
      {
        "code": "GRB",
        "name": "Great Britain",
        "continent": "EUROPE",
        "region": "Northern Europe"
      },
      {
        "code": "IRE",
        "name": "Ireland",
        "continent": "EUROPE",
        "region": "Northern Europe"
      },
      {
        "code": "ITA",
        "name": "Italy",
        "continent": "EUROPE",
        "region": "Southeastern Europe"
      },
      {
        "code": "YUG",
        "name": "NW. Balkan Pen.",
        "continent": "EUROPE",
        "region": "Southeastern Europe"
      },
      {
        "code": "NET",
        "name": "Netherlands",
        "continent": "EUROPE",
        "region": "Middle Europe"
      },
      {
        "code": "RUN",
        "name": "North European Russia",
        "continent": "EUROPE",
        "region": "Eastern Europe"
      },
      {
        "code": "NOR",
        "name": "Norway",
        "continent": "EUROPE",
        "region": "Northern Europe"
      },
      {
        "code": "POL",
        "name": "Poland",
        "continent": "EUROPE",
        "region": "Middle Europe"
      },
      {
        "code": "POR",
        "name": "Portugal",
        "continent": "EUROPE",
        "region": "Southwestern Europe"
      },
      {
        "code": "SPA",
        "name": "Spain",
        "continent": "EUROPE",
        "region": "Southwestern Europe"
      },
      {
        "code": "SWE",
        "name": "Sweden",
        "continent": "EUROPE",
        "region": "Northern Europe"
      },
      {
        "code": "SWI",
        "name": "Switzerland",
        "continent": "EUROPE",
        "region": "Middle Europe"
      }
    ]
  },
  "phenology": {
    "n": 27,
    "n_annotated": 75,
    "sufficient": false
  },
  "traits": {
    "lifeform": "shrub",
    "climate": "temperate"
  },
  "identification": {
    "on_device_model": {
      "model": "Google AIY plants V1 (TFLite, 2,102 classes)",
      "identifies_this_species": false
    },
    "in_accuracy_benchmark": false,
    "benchmark_url": "https://botanai.app/accuracy/",
    "confused_with": []
  },
  "sources": [
    {
      "name": "World Flora Online Plant List",
      "note": "accepted name, authority, classification",
      "license": "CC0",
      "url": "https://www.worldfloraonline.org/",
      "retrieved": "2026-07-12"
    },
    {
      "name": "iNaturalist",
      "note": "photographs and flowering annotations, CC0 / CC BY / CC BY-SA only",
      "license": "per photograph",
      "url": "https://www.inaturalist.org/",
      "retrieved": "2026-06-27"
    },
    {
      "name": "Wikidata",
      "note": "common name (P1843), joined on the World Flora Online identifier (P7715)",
      "license": "CC0",
      "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/",
      "retrieved": "2026-07-13"
    },
    {
      "name": "Kew, World Checklist of Vascular Plants (WCVP v16)",
      "note": "native distribution by TDWG level-3 botanical country, and life form",
      "license": "CC BY 3.0",
      "url": "https://doi.org/10.15468/6h8ucr",
      "retrieved": "2026-06-04"
    }
  ],
  "gaps": [
    {
      "field": "care",
      "status": "not_published",
      "reason": "Not published anywhere on this site. Every care claim we could make cheaply would be an unsourced enum, which is what the previous version of this site did and why it was deleted."
    },
    {
      "field": "toxicity",
      "status": "not_published",
      "reason": "Not published. The widely copied list is a copyrighted compilation restricted to noncommercial use, and we will not scrape it. A sourced toxicity dataset is being built from primary literature and is not ready."
    },
    {
      "field": "botanical_review",
      "status": "not_sourced",
      "reason": "No page on this site has been reviewed by a named botanist. The determination label says so, on every page."
    },
    {
      "field": "phenology",
      "status": "insufficient_evidence",
      "reason": "Only 27 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one."
    }
  ],
  "license": {
    "data": "CC BY 4.0",
    "attribution": "BotanAI, https://botanai.app/plants/salix-repens/",
    "note": "This document is licensed CC BY 4.0. The PHOTOGRAPHS it links are licensed individually and separately: each carries its own license and license_url, and those terms govern. Underlying taxonomy is CC0 (World Flora Online); native range is CC BY 3.0 (Kew)."
  }
}