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    "scientific": "Sagina saginoides",
    "authorship": "(L.) H.Karst.",
    "genus": "Sagina",
    "epithet": "saginoides",
    "family": "Caryophyllaceae",
    "rank": "species",
    "taxonomic_status": "accepted",
    "accepted_according_to": "World Flora Online Plant List, 2026-06",
    "is_homonym": false,
    "published_in": "Deut. Fl. : 539 (1882)",
    "protologue_url": null,
    "common": {
      "preferred": "arctic pearlwort",
      "english": [
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      "source": "wikidata"
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    "synonyms": [
      {
        "name": "Alsine linnaei",
        "authorship": "Jess."
      },
      {
        "name": "Alsine saginoides",
        "authorship": "(L.) Crantz"
      },
      {
        "name": "Alsinella alpestris",
        "authorship": "Bubani"
      },
      {
        "name": "Alsinella saginoides",
        "authorship": "(L.) Greene"
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      {
        "name": "Phaloe saginoides",
        "authorship": "(L.) Dumort."
      },
      {
        "name": "Sagina arctica",
        "authorship": "Scheutz"
      },
      {
        "name": "Sagina baumgartenii",
        "authorship": "Simonk."
      },
      {
        "name": "Sagina kevandensis",
        "authorship": "Boiss. & Reut."
      },
      {
        "name": "Sagina linnaei",
        "authorship": "C.Presl"
      },
      {
        "name": "Sagina linnaei var. micrantha",
        "authorship": "(Bunge) Fenzl"
      },
      {
        "name": "Sagina macrocarpa",
        "authorship": "(Rchb.) Maly"
      },
      {
        "name": "Sagina micrantha",
        "authorship": "Fernald"
      },
      {
        "name": "Sagina nevadensis",
        "authorship": "Boiss."
      },
      {
        "name": "Sagina olympica",
        "authorship": "Stoyanov & Jordanov"
      },
      {
        "name": "Sagina pyrenaica",
        "authorship": "Rouy"
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      {
        "name": "Sagina quinquevalvis",
        "authorship": "Gilli"
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      {
        "name": "Sagina rosoni",
        "authorship": "Merino"
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      {
        "name": "Sagina saginoides subsp. nevadensis",
        "authorship": "(Boiss. & Reut.) Greuter & Burdet"
      },
      {
        "name": "Sagina saginoides subsp. parviflora",
        "authorship": "Litard. & Maire"
      },
      {
        "name": "Sagina saginoides subsp. saginoides",
        "authorship": null
      },
      {
        "name": "Sagina saginoides var. hesperia",
        "authorship": "Fernald"
      },
      {
        "name": "Sagina saginoides var. saginoides",
        "authorship": null
      },
      {
        "name": "Sagina saxatilis",
        "authorship": "(Wimm. & Grab.) Wimm."
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      {
        "name": "Sagina spergella",
        "authorship": "Fenzl"
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      {
        "name": "Spergella macrocarpa",
        "authorship": "Rchb."
      },
      {
        "name": "Spergella saginoides",
        "authorship": "(L.) Rchb."
      },
      {
        "name": "Spergula micrantha",
        "authorship": "Bunge"
      },
      {
        "name": "Spergula saginoides",
        "authorship": "L."
      },
      {
        "name": "Spergula saxatilis",
        "authorship": "Wimm."
      }
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    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sagina_saginoides"
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        "name": "Iceland",
        "continent": "EUROPE",
        "region": "Northern Europe"
      },
      {
        "code": "ITA",
        "name": "Italy",
        "continent": "EUROPE",
        "region": "Southeastern Europe"
      },
      {
        "code": "YUG",
        "name": "NW. Balkan Pen.",
        "continent": "EUROPE",
        "region": "Southeastern Europe"
      },
      {
        "code": "RUN",
        "name": "North European Russia",
        "continent": "EUROPE",
        "region": "Eastern Europe"
      },
      {
        "code": "NOR",
        "name": "Norway",
        "continent": "EUROPE",
        "region": "Northern Europe"
      },
      {
        "code": "POL",
        "name": "Poland",
        "continent": "EUROPE",
        "region": "Middle Europe"
      },
      {
        "code": "POR",
        "name": "Portugal",
        "continent": "EUROPE",
        "region": "Southwestern Europe"
      },
      {
        "code": "ROM",
        "name": "Romania",
        "continent": "EUROPE",
        "region": "Southeastern Europe"
      },
      {
        "code": "SAR",
        "name": "Sardegna",
        "continent": "EUROPE",
        "region": "Southwestern Europe"
      },
      {
        "code": "SPA",
        "name": "Spain",
        "continent": "EUROPE",
        "region": "Southwestern Europe"
      },
      {
        "code": "SWE",
        "name": "Sweden",
        "continent": "EUROPE",
        "region": "Northern Europe"
      },
      {
        "code": "SWI",
        "name": "Switzerland",
        "continent": "EUROPE",
        "region": "Middle Europe"
      },
      {
        "code": "ASK",
        "name": "Alaska",
        "continent": "NORTHERN AMERICA",
        "region": "Subarctic America"
      },
      {
        "code": "ABT",
        "name": "Alberta",
        "continent": "NORTHERN AMERICA",
        "region": "Western Canada"
      },
      {
        "code": "ALU",
        "name": "Aleutian Is.",
        "continent": "NORTHERN AMERICA",
        "region": "Subarctic America"
      },
      {
        "code": "ARI",
        "name": "Arizona",
        "continent": "NORTHERN AMERICA",
        "region": "Southwestern U.S.A."
      },
      {
        "code": "BRC",
        "name": "British Columbia",
        "continent": "NORTHERN AMERICA",
        "region": "Western Canada"
      },
      {
        "code": "CAL",
        "name": "California",
        "continent": "NORTHERN AMERICA",
        "region": "Southwestern U.S.A."
      },
      {
        "code": "COL",
        "name": "Colorado",
        "continent": "NORTHERN AMERICA",
        "region": "Northwestern U.S.A."
      },
      {
        "code": "GNL",
        "name": "Greenland",
        "continent": "NORTHERN AMERICA",
        "region": "Subarctic America"
      },
      {
        "code": "IDA",
        "name": "Idaho",
        "continent": "NORTHERN AMERICA",
        "region": "Northwestern U.S.A."
      },
      {
        "code": "MXC",
        "name": "Mexico Central",
        "continent": "NORTHERN AMERICA",
        "region": "Mexico"
      },
      {
        "code": "MXG",
        "name": "Mexico Gulf",
        "continent": "NORTHERN AMERICA",
        "region": "Mexico"
      },
      {
        "code": "MXE",
        "name": "Mexico Northeast",
        "continent": "NORTHERN AMERICA",
        "region": "Mexico"
      },
      {
        "code": "MXN",
        "name": "Mexico Northwest",
        "continent": "NORTHERN AMERICA",
        "region": "Mexico"
      },
      {
        "code": "MXS",
        "name": "Mexico Southwest",
        "continent": "NORTHERN AMERICA",
        "region": "Mexico"
      },
      {
        "code": "MNT",
        "name": "Montana",
        "continent": "NORTHERN AMERICA",
        "region": "Northwestern U.S.A."
      },
      {
        "code": "NEV",
        "name": "Nevada",
        "continent": "NORTHERN AMERICA",
        "region": "Southwestern U.S.A."
      },
      {
        "code": "NWM",
        "name": "New Mexico",
        "continent": "NORTHERN AMERICA",
        "region": "South-Central U.S.A."
      },
      {
        "code": "NFL",
        "name": "Newfoundland",
        "continent": "NORTHERN AMERICA",
        "region": "Eastern Canada"
      },
      {
        "code": "NWT",
        "name": "Northwest Territories",
        "continent": "NORTHERN AMERICA",
        "region": "Subarctic America"
      },
      {
        "code": "NUN",
        "name": "Nunavut",
        "continent": "NORTHERN AMERICA",
        "region": "Subarctic America"
      },
      {
        "code": "ORE",
        "name": "Oregon",
        "continent": "NORTHERN AMERICA",
        "region": "Northwestern U.S.A."
      },
      {
        "code": "QUE",
        "name": "Québec",
        "continent": "NORTHERN AMERICA",
        "region": "Eastern Canada"
      },
      {
        "code": "UTA",
        "name": "Utah",
        "continent": "NORTHERN AMERICA",
        "region": "Southwestern U.S.A."
      },
      {
        "code": "WAS",
        "name": "Washington",
        "continent": "NORTHERN AMERICA",
        "region": "Northwestern U.S.A."
      },
      {
        "code": "WYO",
        "name": "Wyoming",
        "continent": "NORTHERN AMERICA",
        "region": "Northwestern U.S.A."
      },
      {
        "code": "YUK",
        "name": "Yukon",
        "continent": "NORTHERN AMERICA",
        "region": "Subarctic America"
      }
    ]
  },
  "phenology": {
    "n": 36,
    "n_annotated": 39,
    "sufficient": true,
    "by_month": [
      0,
      0,
      0,
      0,
      1,
      15,
      16,
      4,
      0,
      0,
      0,
      0
    ],
    "annotated_by_month": [
      0,
      0,
      0,
      0,
      1,
      16,
      16,
      5,
      1,
      0,
      0,
      0
    ],
    "share": [
      null,
      null,
      null,
      null,
      null,
      0.9375,
      1,
      0.8,
      null,
      null,
      null,
      null
    ],
    "ci": [
      null,
      null,
      null,
      null,
      null,
      [
        0.7167,
        0.9889
      ],
      [
        0.8064,
        1
      ],
      [
        0.3755,
        0.9638
      ],
      null,
      null,
      null,
      null
    ],
    "peak_month": 7,
    "peak_basis": "share",
    "min_month_n": 5,
    "doi": "10.15468/dl.cgje2x",
    "source": "GBIF SQL download of iNaturalist Research-grade Observations",
    "quality_grade": "research (guaranteed upstream by iNaturalist at export)",
    "fields": {
      "by_month": "observations found IN FLOWER, by month (Jan..Dec)",
      "annotated_by_month": "observations in which a human recorded the reproductive state at all, by month. This is the denominator, and it includes the records that said \"no flowers or fruits\".",
      "share": "by_month / annotated_by_month. null where too few plants were examined to state a proportion.",
      "ci": "95% Wilson score interval on share.",
      "peak_month": "the month with the highest SHARE, not the highest count."
    }
  },
  "traits": {
    "lifeform": "perennial",
    "climate": "subalpine or subarctic"
  },
  "identification": {
    "on_device_model": {
      "model": "Google AIY plants V1 (TFLite, 2,102 classes)",
      "identifies_this_species": false
    },
    "in_accuracy_benchmark": false,
    "benchmark_url": "https://botanai.app/accuracy/",
    "confused_with": []
  },
  "sources": [
    {
      "name": "World Flora Online Plant List",
      "note": "accepted name, authority, classification",
      "license": "CC0",
      "url": "https://www.worldfloraonline.org/",
      "retrieved": "2026-07-12"
    },
    {
      "name": "iNaturalist",
      "note": "photographs and flowering annotations, CC0 / CC BY / CC BY-SA only",
      "license": "per photograph",
      "url": "https://www.inaturalist.org/",
      "retrieved": "2026-06-27"
    },
    {
      "name": "Wikidata",
      "note": "common name (P1843), joined on the World Flora Online identifier (P7715)",
      "license": "CC0",
      "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/",
      "retrieved": "2026-07-13"
    },
    {
      "name": "Kew, World Checklist of Vascular Plants (WCVP v16)",
      "note": "native distribution by TDWG level-3 botanical country, and life form",
      "license": "CC BY 3.0",
      "url": "https://doi.org/10.15468/6h8ucr",
      "retrieved": "2026-06-04"
    }
  ],
  "gaps": [
    {
      "field": "care",
      "status": "not_published",
      "reason": "Not published anywhere on this site. Every care claim we could make cheaply would be an unsourced enum, which is what the previous version of this site did and why it was deleted."
    },
    {
      "field": "toxicity",
      "status": "not_published",
      "reason": "Not published. The widely copied list is a copyrighted compilation restricted to noncommercial use, and we will not scrape it. A sourced toxicity dataset is being built from primary literature and is not ready."
    },
    {
      "field": "botanical_review",
      "status": "not_sourced",
      "reason": "No page on this site has been reviewed by a named botanist. The determination label says so, on every page."
    }
  ],
  "license": {
    "data": "CC BY 4.0",
    "attribution": "BotanAI, https://botanai.app/plants/sagina-saginoides/",
    "note": "This document is licensed CC BY 4.0. The PHOTOGRAPHS it links are licensed individually and separately: each carries its own license and license_url, and those terms govern. Underlying taxonomy is CC0 (World Flora Online); native range is CC BY 3.0 (Kew)."
  }
}