{
  "$schema": "https://botanai.app/schema/species-v1.json",
  "schema_version": 1,
  "url": "https://botanai.app/plants/rosa-agrestis/",
  "last_modified": "2024-06-04",
  "id": {
    "slug": "rosa-agrestis",
    "wfo": "wfo-0000985731",
    "inat_taxon_id": 209444
  },
  "name": {
    "scientific": "Rosa agrestis",
    "authorship": "Savi",
    "genus": "Rosa",
    "epithet": "agrestis",
    "family": "Rosaceae",
    "rank": "species",
    "taxonomic_status": "accepted",
    "accepted_according_to": "World Flora Online Plant List, 2026-06",
    "is_homonym": false,
    "published_in": "Fl. Pis.  1: 475 (1798)",
    "protologue_url": "https://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:731498-1",
    "common": {
      "preferred": "fieldbriar",
      "english": [
        "fieldbriar"
      ],
      "source": "wikidata"
    },
    "synonyms": [
      {
        "name": "Chabertia agrestis",
        "authorship": "(Savi) Gand."
      },
      {
        "name": "Chabertia sepium",
        "authorship": "Gand."
      },
      {
        "name": "Chabertia virgultorum",
        "authorship": "(Ripart ex Déségl.) Gand."
      },
      {
        "name": "Rosa abscondita",
        "authorship": "Charb."
      },
      {
        "name": "Rosa abscondita",
        "authorship": "Christ ex Gremli"
      },
      {
        "name": "Rosa agrestis f. arvatica",
        "authorship": "(Puget ex Baker) Fiori"
      },
      {
        "name": "Rosa agrestis f. ciliatosepala",
        "authorship": "R.Keller"
      },
      {
        "name": "Rosa agrestis f. elatior",
        "authorship": "Kupcsok"
      },
      {
        "name": "Rosa agrestis f. inermis",
        "authorship": "R.Keller"
      },
      {
        "name": "Rosa agrestis f. lanuginea",
        "authorship": "Schwertschl."
      },
      {
        "name": "Rosa agrestis f. microphylla",
        "authorship": "Goiran ex R.Keller"
      },
      {
        "name": "Rosa agrestis f. parvifolia",
        "authorship": "(Rouy) C.Vicioso"
      },
      {
        "name": "Rosa agrestis f. pseudoelliptica",
        "authorship": "(Rouy & E.G.Camus) R.Keller"
      },
      {
        "name": "Rosa agrestis f. scaphusiensis",
        "authorship": "R.Keller"
      },
      {
        "name": "Rosa agrestis f. soulovillei",
        "authorship": "Gand."
      },
      {
        "name": "Rosa agrestis f. steffenii",
        "authorship": "E.Schenk"
      },
      {
        "name": "Rosa agrestis f. stenorhyncha",
        "authorship": "(Gand.) R.Keller"
      },
      {
        "name": "Rosa agrestis f. subdestituta",
        "authorship": "R.Keller"
      },
      {
        "name": "Rosa agrestis f. virgultorum",
        "authorship": "(Ripart ex Déségl.) Malinv."
      },
      {
        "name": "Rosa agrestis subsp. caryophyllacea",
        "authorship": "E.Schenk"
      },
      {
        "name": "Rosa agrestis subsp. floriana",
        "authorship": "(Vuk.) Sabr."
      },
      {
        "name": "Rosa agrestis subsp. pubescens",
        "authorship": "(Rapin ex Reut.) E.Schenk"
      },
      {
        "name": "Rosa agrestis subsp. silesiaca",
        "authorship": "Schalow"
      },
      {
        "name": "Rosa agrestis subvar. albiflora",
        "authorship": "(Opiz) R.Keller"
      },
      {
        "name": "Rosa agrestis subvar. arvatica",
        "authorship": "(Puget ex Baker) R.Keller"
      },
      {
        "name": "Rosa agrestis subvar. ditrichopoda",
        "authorship": "(Borbás) R.Keller"
      },
      {
        "name": "Rosa agrestis subvar. longipes",
        "authorship": "(Borbás) R.Keller"
      },
      {
        "name": "Rosa agrestis subvar. mentita",
        "authorship": "(Déségl.) R.Keller"
      },
      {
        "name": "Rosa agrestis subvar. neogradensis",
        "authorship": "(Borbás) R.Keller"
      },
      {
        "name": "Rosa agrestis subvar. osmoidea",
        "authorship": "(J.B.Keller ex Heinr.Braun) R.Keller"
      },
      {
        "name": "Rosa agrestis subvar. pseudosepium",
        "authorship": "(Callay ex Crép.) R.Keller"
      },
      {
        "name": "Rosa agrestis subvar. robusta",
        "authorship": "(Christ) R.Keller"
      },
      {
        "name": "Rosa agrestis subvar. sepioides",
        "authorship": "(Ozanon ex Crép.) R.Keller"
      },
      {
        "name": "Rosa agrestis subvar. spathulifolia",
        "authorship": "(Vuk.) R.Keller"
      },
      {
        "name": "Rosa agrestis subvar. vinodora",
        "authorship": "(A.Kern.) R.Keller"
      },
      {
        "name": "Rosa agrestis subvar. virgultorum",
        "authorship": "(Ripart ex Déségl.) R.Keller"
      },
      {
        "name": "Rosa agrestis var. abscondita",
        "authorship": "(Christ ex Gremli) Gremli"
      },
      {
        "name": "Rosa agrestis var. adenoclada",
        "authorship": "Christ"
      },
      {
        "name": "Rosa agrestis var. albiflora",
        "authorship": "(Opiz) Borbás"
      },
      {
        "name": "Rosa agrestis var. ampelophila",
        "authorship": "Borbás"
      },
      {
        "name": "Rosa agrestis var. arvatica",
        "authorship": "(Puget ex Baker) C.Vicioso"
      },
      {
        "name": "Rosa agrestis var. babadagensis",
        "authorship": "Prodan"
      },
      {
        "name": "Rosa agrestis var. banatica",
        "authorship": "Heinr.Braun ex Degen"
      },
      {
        "name": "Rosa agrestis var. bohemica",
        "authorship": "(Heinr.Braun) R.Keller"
      },
      {
        "name": "Rosa agrestis var. bugeysiensis",
        "authorship": "R.Keller"
      },
      {
        "name": "Rosa agrestis var. columbiensis",
        "authorship": "R.Keller"
      },
      {
        "name": "Rosa agrestis var. danubialis",
        "authorship": "Borbás ex R.Keller"
      },
      {
        "name": "Rosa agrestis var. denudata",
        "authorship": "(R.Keller) R.Keller"
      },
      {
        "name": "Rosa agrestis var. deserta",
        "authorship": "E.Schenk"
      },
      {
        "name": "Rosa agrestis var. discreta",
        "authorship": "E.Schenk"
      },
      {
        "name": "Rosa agrestis var. floriana",
        "authorship": "(Vuk.) Hayek"
      },
      {
        "name": "Rosa agrestis var. gizellae",
        "authorship": "(Borbás) R.Keller"
      },
      {
        "name": "Rosa agrestis var. haringiana",
        "authorship": "(Heinr.Braun) R.Keller"
      },
      {
        "name": "Rosa agrestis var. heterostyla",
        "authorship": "Sennen & T.S.Elias"
      },
      {
        "name": "Rosa agrestis var. isthaensis",
        "authorship": "E.Schenk"
      },
      {
        "name": "Rosa agrestis var. kupcsokiana",
        "authorship": "(Prodan) Degen"
      },
      {
        "name": "Rosa agrestis var. lasiopoda",
        "authorship": "R.Keller"
      },
      {
        "name": "Rosa agrestis var. lexnitzensis",
        "authorship": "(J.B.Keller) Janch."
      },
      {
        "name": "Rosa agrestis var. losae",
        "authorship": "Pau ex C.Vicioso"
      },
      {
        "name": "Rosa agrestis var. mentita",
        "authorship": "(Déségl.) Gremli"
      },
      {
        "name": "Rosa agrestis var. milenae",
        "authorship": "Heinr.Braun"
      },
      {
        "name": "Rosa agrestis var. minuscula",
        "authorship": "R.Keller"
      },
      {
        "name": "Rosa agrestis var. mira",
        "authorship": "R.Keller"
      },
      {
        "name": "Rosa agrestis var. myrtella",
        "authorship": "Heinr.Braun"
      },
      {
        "name": "Rosa agrestis var. nitida",
        "authorship": "R.Keller"
      },
      {
        "name": "Rosa agrestis var. obversa",
        "authorship": "Borbás ex Hayek"
      },
      {
        "name": "Rosa agrestis var. onubensis",
        "authorship": "C.Vicioso"
      },
      {
        "name": "Rosa agrestis var. pseudoelliptica",
        "authorship": "(Rouy & E.G.Camus) C.Vicioso"
      },
      {
        "name": "Rosa agrestis var. pseudomentita",
        "authorship": "R.Keller"
      },
      {
        "name": "Rosa agrestis var. pubescens",
        "authorship": "(Rapin ex Reut.) Gremli"
      },
      {
        "name": "Rosa agrestis var. rakovacensis",
        "authorship": "(Kupcsok) Ker.-Nagy"
      },
      {
        "name": "Rosa agrestis var. schulzei",
        "authorship": "R.Keller"
      },
      {
        "name": "Rosa agrestis var. typica",
        "authorship": "Gremli"
      },
      {
        "name": "Rosa agrestis var. typica",
        "authorship": "R.Keller"
      },
      {
        "name": "Rosa agrestis var. vaccarii",
        "authorship": "R.Keller"
      },
      {
        "name": "Rosa agrestis var. vallombrosae",
        "authorship": "R.Keller"
      },
      {
        "name": "Rosa agrestis var. valpantinensis",
        "authorship": "R.Keller"
      },
      {
        "name": "Rosa agrestis var. virgultorum",
        "authorship": "(Ripart ex Déségl.) R.Keller"
      },
      {
        "name": "Rosa albiflora",
        "authorship": "Opiz"
      },
      {
        "name": "Rosa anisopoda f. lexnitzensis",
        "authorship": "J.B.Keller"
      },
      {
        "name": "Rosa arcadiensis",
        "authorship": "Halácsy"
      },
      {
        "name": "Rosa arvatica",
        "authorship": "Puget ex Baker"
      },
      {
        "name": "Rosa arvatica f. floriana",
        "authorship": "(Vuk.) Posp."
      },
      {
        "name": "Rosa arvatica f. genuina",
        "authorship": "Posp."
      },
      {
        "name": "Rosa arvatica var. agrestis",
        "authorship": "(Savi) Posp."
      },
      {
        "name": "Rosa arvatica var. mentita",
        "authorship": "(Déségl.) Posp."
      },
      {
        "name": "Rosa arvatica var. typica",
        "authorship": "Posp."
      },
      {
        "name": "Rosa beytei",
        "authorship": "Borbás"
      },
      {
        "name": "Rosa bohemica",
        "authorship": "Heinr.Braun"
      },
      {
        "name": "Rosa bohemica var. annae",
        "authorship": "Margittai ex Ker.-Nagy"
      },
      {
        "name": "Rosa borhekiana",
        "authorship": "J.B.Keller & Formánek"
      },
      {
        "name": "Rosa canina var. arvatica",
        "authorship": "(Puget ex Baker) Baker"
      },
      {
        "name": "Rosa communis var. virgultorum",
        "authorship": "(Ripart ex Déségl.) Rouy & E.G.Camus"
      },
      {
        "name": "Rosa coriifolia var. agrestis",
        "authorship": "(Savi) Matsson"
      },
      {
        "name": "Rosa densiflora",
        "authorship": "Tausch"
      },
      {
        "name": "Rosa densiflora",
        "authorship": "Tausch ex Steud."
      },
      {
        "name": "Rosa denudata",
        "authorship": "(R.Keller) Klášt."
      },
      {
        "name": "Rosa ditrichopoda",
        "authorship": "(Borbás) Heinr.Braun"
      },
      {
        "name": "Rosa dorica",
        "authorship": "Heinr.Braun & Halácsy"
      },
      {
        "name": "Rosa druentica",
        "authorship": "Rouy"
      },
      {
        "name": "Rosa eglanteria var. sepium",
        "authorship": "(Gand.) P.V.Heath"
      },
      {
        "name": "Rosa elatior",
        "authorship": "Rouy"
      },
      {
        "name": "Rosa floriana",
        "authorship": "Vuk."
      },
      {
        "name": "Rosa gisellae",
        "authorship": "Borb. ex Koehne"
      },
      {
        "name": "Rosa gizellae",
        "authorship": "Borbás"
      },
      {
        "name": "Rosa gizellae f. ditrichopoda",
        "authorship": "Borbás"
      },
      {
        "name": "Rosa gizellae f. longipes",
        "authorship": "Borbás"
      },
      {
        "name": "Rosa gizellae f. neogradensis",
        "authorship": "Borbás"
      },
      {
        "name": "Rosa gizellae var. neogradensis",
        "authorship": "(Borbás) Ker.-Nagy"
      },
      {
        "name": "Rosa gizellae var. typica",
        "authorship": "Heinr.Braun"
      },
      {
        "name": "Rosa graveolens subsp. eriophora",
        "authorship": "(Gren.) Arcang."
      },
      {
        "name": "Rosa graveolens subsp. nuda",
        "authorship": "(Gren.) Arcang."
      },
      {
        "name": "Rosa graveolens unranked eriophora",
        "authorship": "Gren."
      },
      {
        "name": "Rosa haringiana",
        "authorship": "(Heinr.Braun) Fritsch"
      },
      {
        "name": "Rosa hispanica",
        "authorship": "H.Christ"
      },
      {
        "name": "Rosa inodora var. arvatica",
        "authorship": "(Puget ex Baker) Halácsy"
      },
      {
        "name": "Rosa inodora var. virgultorum",
        "authorship": "(Ripart ex Déségl.) Scheutz"
      },
      {
        "name": "Rosa klukii",
        "authorship": "Boreau"
      },
      {
        "name": "Rosa koslowskii",
        "authorship": "Chrshan."
      },
      {
        "name": "Rosa kostrakiewiczii",
        "authorship": "(Popek) Popek"
      },
      {
        "name": "Rosa kozlowskii",
        "authorship": "Manden."
      },
      {
        "name": "Rosa leucadia",
        "authorship": "Heinr.Braun"
      },
      {
        "name": "Rosa lexnitzensis",
        "authorship": "(J.B.Keller) Heinr.Braun"
      },
      {
        "name": "Rosa mentita",
        "authorship": "Déségl."
      },
      {
        "name": "Rosa micrantha var. arcadiensis",
        "authorship": "(Halácsy) Maire & Petitm."
      },
      {
        "name": "Rosa micranthoides",
        "authorship": "J.B.Keller"
      },
      {
        "name": "Rosa pseudosepium",
        "authorship": "Callay ex Crép."
      },
      {
        "name": "Rosa pubescens",
        "authorship": "(Rapin ex Reut.) Klášt."
      },
      {
        "name": "Rosa pubescens",
        "authorship": "Reut."
      },
      {
        "name": "Rosa pubescens subsp. kostrakiewiczii",
        "authorship": "Popek"
      },
      {
        "name": "Rosa rubiginosa subsp. agrestis",
        "authorship": "(Savi) Hook.f."
      },
      {
        "name": "Rosa rubiginosa var. agrestis",
        "authorship": "(Savi) Bonnier"
      },
      {
        "name": "Rosa rubiginosa var. sepium",
        "authorship": "Ser."
      },
      {
        "name": "Rosa schlosseri",
        "authorship": "Vuk. & Heinr.Braun"
      },
      {
        "name": "Rosa schulzei",
        "authorship": "(R.Keller) Klášt."
      },
      {
        "name": "Rosa semisepium",
        "authorship": "Borbás & Vuk."
      },
      {
        "name": "Rosa sepium",
        "authorship": "Thuill."
      },
      {
        "name": "Rosa sepium f. agrestis",
        "authorship": "(Savi) Christ"
      },
      {
        "name": "Rosa sepium f. arvatica",
        "authorship": "(Puget ex Baker) Christ"
      },
      {
        "name": "Rosa sepium f. denudata",
        "authorship": "R.Keller"
      },
      {
        "name": "Rosa sepium f. dichtliana",
        "authorship": "J.B.Keller & Wiesb."
      },
      {
        "name": "Rosa sepium f. genuina",
        "authorship": "Posp."
      },
      {
        "name": "Rosa sepium f. gizellae",
        "authorship": "(Borbás) Schlimpert"
      },
      {
        "name": "Rosa sepium f. kupcsokiana",
        "authorship": "Prodan"
      },
      {
        "name": "Rosa sepium f. mentita",
        "authorship": "(Déségl.) Borbás"
      },
      {
        "name": "Rosa sepium f. osmoidea",
        "authorship": "J.B.Keller ex Heinr.Braun"
      },
      {
        "name": "Rosa sepium f. pubescens",
        "authorship": "(Rapin ex Reut.) Christ"
      },
      {
        "name": "Rosa sepium f. robusta",
        "authorship": "Christ"
      },
      {
        "name": "Rosa sepium f. typica",
        "authorship": "Christ"
      },
      {
        "name": "Rosa sepium f. vinodora",
        "authorship": "(A.Kern.) Borbás"
      },
      {
        "name": "Rosa sepium f. virgultorum",
        "authorship": "(Ripart ex Déségl.) Borbás"
      },
      {
        "name": "Rosa sepium subsp. agrestis",
        "authorship": "(Savi) Nyman"
      },
      {
        "name": "Rosa sepium subsp. klukii",
        "authorship": "Nyman"
      },
      {
        "name": "Rosa sepium unranked agrestis",
        "authorship": "(Savi) Gren."
      },
      {
        "name": "Rosa sepium unranked genuina",
        "authorship": "Ducommun"
      },
      {
        "name": "Rosa sepium unranked gizellae",
        "authorship": "(Borbás) J.B.Keller"
      },
      {
        "name": "Rosa sepium unranked rosea",
        "authorship": "Thory"
      },
      {
        "name": "Rosa sepium var. agrestis",
        "authorship": "(Savi) Boullu"
      },
      {
        "name": "Rosa sepium var. agrestis",
        "authorship": "(Savi) Christ"
      },
      {
        "name": "Rosa sepium var. alba",
        "authorship": "Desv."
      },
      {
        "name": "Rosa sepium var. albiflora",
        "authorship": "(Opiz) Heinr.Braun"
      },
      {
        "name": "Rosa sepium var. ambigua",
        "authorship": "Desv."
      },
      {
        "name": "Rosa sepium var. archetypa",
        "authorship": "Dumort."
      },
      {
        "name": "Rosa sepium var. arvatica",
        "authorship": "(Puget ex Baker) Nyman"
      },
      {
        "name": "Rosa sepium var. discosa",
        "authorship": "Christ"
      },
      {
        "name": "Rosa sepium var. dolichocarpa",
        "authorship": "Boullu"
      },
      {
        "name": "Rosa sepium var. elliptica",
        "authorship": "L.A.W.Hasse"
      },
      {
        "name": "Rosa sepium var. grandiflora",
        "authorship": "Rapin ex Reut."
      },
      {
        "name": "Rosa sepium var. haringiana",
        "authorship": "Heinr.Braun"
      },
      {
        "name": "Rosa sepium var. intermedia",
        "authorship": "Desv."
      },
      {
        "name": "Rosa sepium var. lancifolia",
        "authorship": "Desv."
      },
      {
        "name": "Rosa sepium var. mentita",
        "authorship": "(Déségl.) Gremli"
      },
      {
        "name": "Rosa sepium var. mentita",
        "authorship": "(Déségl.) Gremli"
      },
      {
        "name": "Rosa sepium var. microcarpa",
        "authorship": "Desv."
      },
      {
        "name": "Rosa sepium var. nitens",
        "authorship": "Desv."
      },
      {
        "name": "Rosa sepium var. oblongicarpa",
        "authorship": "Cariot"
      },
      {
        "name": "Rosa sepium var. pubescens",
        "authorship": "Rapin ex Reut."
      },
      {
        "name": "Rosa sepium var. rakovacensis",
        "authorship": "Kupcsok"
      },
      {
        "name": "Rosa sepium var. robusta",
        "authorship": "(Christ) Heinr.Braun"
      },
      {
        "name": "Rosa sepium var. rosea",
        "authorship": "Desv."
      },
      {
        "name": "Rosa sepium var. typica",
        "authorship": "Heinr.Braun"
      },
      {
        "name": "Rosa sepium var. vinodora",
        "authorship": "(A.Kern.) J.B.Keller"
      },
      {
        "name": "Rosa sepium var. virgultorum",
        "authorship": "(Ripart ex Déségl.) Nyman"
      },
      {
        "name": "Rosa silesiaca",
        "authorship": "Schalow"
      },
      {
        "name": "Rosa tomentella var. bohemica",
        "authorship": "(Heinr.Braun) Schwertschl."
      },
      {
        "name": "Rosa trachyphylla var. arvatica",
        "authorship": "(Puget ex Baker) Dumort."
      },
      {
        "name": "Rosa trachyphylla var. nuda",
        "authorship": "Gren."
      },
      {
        "name": "Rosa vinodora",
        "authorship": "A.Kern."
      },
      {
        "name": "Rosa virgultorum",
        "authorship": "Ripart ex Déségl."
      },
      {
        "name": "Rosa virgultorum var. rubriflora",
        "authorship": "Boullu"
      },
      {
        "name": "Rosa viscaria",
        "authorship": "Rouy & E.G.Camus"
      },
      {
        "name": "Rosa viscaria subsp. agrestis",
        "authorship": "(Savi) Rouy & E.G.Camus"
      },
      {
        "name": "Rosa viscaria subsp. agrestis",
        "authorship": "(Savi) Rouy"
      },
      {
        "name": "Rosa viscaria subvar. albiflora",
        "authorship": "Rouy & E.G.Camus"
      },
      {
        "name": "Rosa viscaria subvar. albiflora",
        "authorship": "Rouy & E.G.Camus"
      },
      {
        "name": "Rosa viscaria var. absimilis",
        "authorship": "Rouy & E.G.Camus"
      },
      {
        "name": "Rosa viscaria var. ambigua",
        "authorship": "Rouy & E.G.Camus"
      },
      {
        "name": "Rosa viscaria var. arvatica",
        "authorship": "(Puget ex Baker) Rouy & E.G.Camus"
      },
      {
        "name": "Rosa viscaria var. attenuata",
        "authorship": "Rouy & E.G.Camus"
      },
      {
        "name": "Rosa viscaria var. axana",
        "authorship": "Rouy & E.G.Camus"
      },
      {
        "name": "Rosa viscaria var. dolichocarpa",
        "authorship": "(Boullu) Rouy & E.G.Camus"
      },
      {
        "name": "Rosa viscaria var. druentica",
        "authorship": "(Rouy) Rouy & E.G.Camus"
      },
      {
        "name": "Rosa viscaria var. elatior",
        "authorship": "(Rouy) Rouy & E.G.Camus"
      },
      {
        "name": "Rosa viscaria var. mentita",
        "authorship": "(Déségl.) Rouy & E.G.Camus"
      },
      {
        "name": "Rosa viscaria var. normalis",
        "authorship": "Rouy & E.G.Camus"
      },
      {
        "name": "Rosa viscaria var. oblongicarpa",
        "authorship": "(Cariot) Rouy & E.G.Camus"
      },
      {
        "name": "Rosa viscaria var. pseudoelliptica",
        "authorship": "Rouy & E.G.Camus"
      },
      {
        "name": "Rosa viscaria var. pubescens",
        "authorship": "(Rapin ex Reut.) Rouy & E.G.Camus"
      },
      {
        "name": "Rosa viscaria var. robusta",
        "authorship": "(Christ) Rouy & E.G.Camus"
      },
      {
        "name": "Rosa viscaria var. virgultorum",
        "authorship": "(Ripart ex Déségl.) Rouy & E.G.Camus"
      },
      {
        "name": "Rosa vistulana",
        "authorship": "Piotr."
      }
    ],
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rosa_agrestis"
  },
  "photographs": {
    "shown": 3,
    "usable_found": 3,
    "licences": [
      "CC-BY"
    ],
    "noncommercial_excluded": true,
    "items": [
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        "license_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
        "derivatives_restricted": false,
        "creator": "Karim Haddad",
        "creator_url": "https://www.inaturalist.org/people/karimhaddad",
        "source_url": "https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/1af81ced-4f01-4955-91d7-91bf292365b6",
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        "attribution": "Karim Haddad, CC BY 4.0, via iNaturalist"
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      {
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        "license": "CC-BY",
        "license_name": "CC BY 4.0",
        "license_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
        "derivatives_restricted": false,
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        },
        "attribution": "Karim Haddad, CC BY 4.0, via iNaturalist"
      },
      {
        "photo_id": 141273147,
        "license": "CC-BY",
        "license_name": "CC BY 4.0",
        "license_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
        "derivatives_restricted": false,
        "creator": "Karim Haddad",
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        "source_url": "https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/1af81ced-4f01-4955-91d7-91bf292365b6",
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        "attribution": "Karim Haddad, CC BY 4.0, via iNaturalist"
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  },
  "native_range": {
    "scheme": "TDWG World Geographical Scheme for Recording Plant Distributions, level 3",
    "source": "Kew, World Checklist of Vascular Plants (WCVP v16)",
    "license": "CC BY 3.0",
    "excludes": [
      "introduced",
      "extinct",
      "location_doubtful"
    ],
    "codes": [
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      "MOR",
      "TUN",
      "CYP",
      "EAI",
      "NCS",
      "TCS",
      "TUR",
      "ALB",
      "AUT",
      "BAL",
      "BGM",
      "BUL",
      "COR",
      "CZE",
      "RUE",
      "FRA",
      "GER",
      "GRB",
      "GRC",
      "HUN",
      "IRE",
      "ITA",
      "KRI",
      "KRY",
      "YUG",
      "NET",
      "POL",
      "POR",
      "ROM",
      "SAR",
      "SIC",
      "SPA",
      "SWE",
      "SWI",
      "TUE",
      "UKR"
    ],
    "regions": [
      {
        "code": "ALG",
        "name": "Algeria",
        "continent": "AFRICA",
        "region": "Northern Africa"
      },
      {
        "code": "MOR",
        "name": "Morocco",
        "continent": "AFRICA",
        "region": "Northern Africa"
      },
      {
        "code": "TUN",
        "name": "Tunisia",
        "continent": "AFRICA",
        "region": "Northern Africa"
      },
      {
        "code": "CYP",
        "name": "Cyprus",
        "continent": "ASIA-TEMPERATE",
        "region": "Western Asia"
      },
      {
        "code": "EAI",
        "name": "East Aegean Is.",
        "continent": "ASIA-TEMPERATE",
        "region": "Western Asia"
      },
      {
        "code": "NCS",
        "name": "North Caucasus",
        "continent": "ASIA-TEMPERATE",
        "region": "Caucasus"
      },
      {
        "code": "TCS",
        "name": "Transcaucasus",
        "continent": "ASIA-TEMPERATE",
        "region": "Caucasus"
      },
      {
        "code": "TUR",
        "name": "Türkiye",
        "continent": "ASIA-TEMPERATE",
        "region": "Western Asia"
      },
      {
        "code": "ALB",
        "name": "Albania",
        "continent": "EUROPE",
        "region": "Southeastern Europe"
      },
      {
        "code": "AUT",
        "name": "Austria",
        "continent": "EUROPE",
        "region": "Middle Europe"
      },
      {
        "code": "BAL",
        "name": "Baleares",
        "continent": "EUROPE",
        "region": "Southwestern Europe"
      },
      {
        "code": "BGM",
        "name": "Belgium",
        "continent": "EUROPE",
        "region": "Middle Europe"
      },
      {
        "code": "BUL",
        "name": "Bulgaria",
        "continent": "EUROPE",
        "region": "Southeastern Europe"
      },
      {
        "code": "COR",
        "name": "Corse",
        "continent": "EUROPE",
        "region": "Southwestern Europe"
      },
      {
        "code": "CZE",
        "name": "Czechia-Slovakia",
        "continent": "EUROPE",
        "region": "Middle Europe"
      },
      {
        "code": "RUE",
        "name": "East European Russia",
        "continent": "EUROPE",
        "region": "Eastern Europe"
      },
      {
        "code": "FRA",
        "name": "France",
        "continent": "EUROPE",
        "region": "Southwestern Europe"
      },
      {
        "code": "GER",
        "name": "Germany",
        "continent": "EUROPE",
        "region": "Middle Europe"
      },
      {
        "code": "GRB",
        "name": "Great Britain",
        "continent": "EUROPE",
        "region": "Northern Europe"
      },
      {
        "code": "GRC",
        "name": "Greece",
        "continent": "EUROPE",
        "region": "Southeastern Europe"
      },
      {
        "code": "HUN",
        "name": "Hungary",
        "continent": "EUROPE",
        "region": "Middle Europe"
      },
      {
        "code": "IRE",
        "name": "Ireland",
        "continent": "EUROPE",
        "region": "Northern Europe"
      },
      {
        "code": "ITA",
        "name": "Italy",
        "continent": "EUROPE",
        "region": "Southeastern Europe"
      },
      {
        "code": "KRI",
        "name": "Kriti",
        "continent": "EUROPE",
        "region": "Southeastern Europe"
      },
      {
        "code": "KRY",
        "name": "Krym",
        "continent": "EUROPE",
        "region": "Eastern Europe"
      },
      {
        "code": "YUG",
        "name": "NW. Balkan Pen.",
        "continent": "EUROPE",
        "region": "Southeastern Europe"
      },
      {
        "code": "NET",
        "name": "Netherlands",
        "continent": "EUROPE",
        "region": "Middle Europe"
      },
      {
        "code": "POL",
        "name": "Poland",
        "continent": "EUROPE",
        "region": "Middle Europe"
      },
      {
        "code": "POR",
        "name": "Portugal",
        "continent": "EUROPE",
        "region": "Southwestern Europe"
      },
      {
        "code": "ROM",
        "name": "Romania",
        "continent": "EUROPE",
        "region": "Southeastern Europe"
      },
      {
        "code": "SAR",
        "name": "Sardegna",
        "continent": "EUROPE",
        "region": "Southwestern Europe"
      },
      {
        "code": "SIC",
        "name": "Sicilia",
        "continent": "EUROPE",
        "region": "Southeastern Europe"
      },
      {
        "code": "SPA",
        "name": "Spain",
        "continent": "EUROPE",
        "region": "Southwestern Europe"
      },
      {
        "code": "SWE",
        "name": "Sweden",
        "continent": "EUROPE",
        "region": "Northern Europe"
      },
      {
        "code": "SWI",
        "name": "Switzerland",
        "continent": "EUROPE",
        "region": "Middle Europe"
      },
      {
        "code": "TUE",
        "name": "Türkiye-in-Europe",
        "continent": "EUROPE",
        "region": "Southeastern Europe"
      },
      {
        "code": "UKR",
        "name": "Ukraine",
        "continent": "EUROPE",
        "region": "Eastern Europe"
      }
    ]
  },
  "phenology": {
    "n": 7,
    "n_annotated": 15,
    "sufficient": false
  },
  "traits": {
    "lifeform": null,
    "climate": null
  },
  "identification": {
    "on_device_model": {
      "model": "Google AIY plants V1 (TFLite, 2,102 classes)",
      "identifies_this_species": false
    },
    "in_accuracy_benchmark": false,
    "benchmark_url": "https://botanai.app/accuracy/",
    "confused_with": []
  },
  "sources": [
    {
      "name": "World Flora Online Plant List",
      "note": "accepted name, authority, classification",
      "license": "CC0",
      "url": "https://www.worldfloraonline.org/",
      "retrieved": "2026-07-12"
    },
    {
      "name": "iNaturalist",
      "note": "photographs and flowering annotations, CC0 / CC BY / CC BY-SA only",
      "license": "per photograph",
      "url": "https://www.inaturalist.org/",
      "retrieved": "2026-06-27"
    },
    {
      "name": "Wikidata",
      "note": "common name (P1843), joined on the World Flora Online identifier (P7715)",
      "license": "CC0",
      "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/",
      "retrieved": "2026-07-13"
    },
    {
      "name": "Kew, World Checklist of Vascular Plants (WCVP v16)",
      "note": "native distribution by TDWG level-3 botanical country, and life form",
      "license": "CC BY 3.0",
      "url": "https://doi.org/10.15468/6h8ucr",
      "retrieved": "2026-06-04"
    }
  ],
  "gaps": [
    {
      "field": "care",
      "status": "not_published",
      "reason": "Not published anywhere on this site. Every care claim we could make cheaply would be an unsourced enum, which is what the previous version of this site did and why it was deleted."
    },
    {
      "field": "toxicity",
      "status": "not_published",
      "reason": "Not published. The widely copied list is a copyrighted compilation restricted to noncommercial use, and we will not scrape it. A sourced toxicity dataset is being built from primary literature and is not ready."
    },
    {
      "field": "botanical_review",
      "status": "not_sourced",
      "reason": "No page on this site has been reviewed by a named botanist. The determination label says so, on every page."
    },
    {
      "field": "phenology",
      "status": "insufficient_evidence",
      "reason": "Only 7 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one."
    }
  ],
  "license": {
    "data": "CC BY 4.0",
    "attribution": "BotanAI, https://botanai.app/plants/rosa-agrestis/",
    "note": "This document is licensed CC BY 4.0. The PHOTOGRAPHS it links are licensed individually and separately: each carries its own license and license_url, and those terms govern. Underlying taxonomy is CC0 (World Flora Online); native range is CC BY 3.0 (Kew)."
  }
}