Plate 1 figs. a–h · 8 separate observations
Every figure is a research-grade observation under CC0, CC BY or CC BY-SA, rehosted with the photographer’s name, the licence and the observation it came from. Photographs under a NonCommercial licence are excluded from this site and are never stored, which costs us a great many pictures and is not negotiable.
The specimen a real sheet, in a real collection
- Herbarium
- The New York Botanical Garden
- Accession
- 04449140
- Filed as
- Riccia cavernosa Hoffm.
- Det. by
- J. Váňa
- Collected
- J. Váňa 1976-06-24
- Origin
- CZ
- The sheet
- View the digitised specimen (CC BY 4.0)
A real pressed plant, in a real collection, under the accession number above. Not an illustration of one. The holding institution does not serve this sheet’s image to third parties, so there is no photograph here. The record is real and the link goes to it. Where we hold no openly licensed sheet for a species this section is simply absent, and where a sheet never recorded who determined it, that field stays empty rather than being filled in. Roughly half of all herbarium sheets never recorded a determiner, which is ordinary.
Where it actually grows measured, from 960 observations
| Condition | 5th percentile | Median | 95th percentile |
|---|---|---|---|
| Coldest month, mean daily low | -14.6 °C | -4.5 °C | 15.6 °C |
| Warmest month, mean daily high | 19.2 °C | 26.6 °C | 33.3 °C |
| Annual rainfall | 302 mm | 820 mm | 1,755 mm |
| Rainfall in the driest quarter | 7 mm | 103 mm | 247 mm |
It is found where winters bring hard frost. This is not care advice and it is not a forecast. It is a measurement: we sampled the climate at every one of the 960 research-grade observations of Riccia cavernosa that carry a coordinate, and this is the range those places actually span. The 5th and 95th percentiles are used rather than the minimum and maximum, because a single cultivated specimen in a heated conservatory should not widen a tropical plant's range to the Arctic.
This is not a hardiness zone. A USDA zone is the average annual extreme minimum temperature. The figure above is the mean daily minimum of the coldest month, which is a different quantity and is typically far warmer. Reading one as the other would place a plant several zones too warm, so we do not publish a hardiness zone, because we do not have one.
Also published as 24 synonyms
A synonym is not an error. It is a record of botanists disagreeing, in print, about where this plant belongs. Each of these was somebody’s considered answer.
- Riccia brandegeei Underw.
- Riccia catalinae Underw.
- Riccia cavernosa var. angustior (Lindenb. ex Nees) Damsh.
- Riccia cavernosa var. cavernosa
- Riccia cavernosa var. latior Rivola
- Riccia crystallina f. angustior Lindenb. ex Nees
- Riccia crystallina var. angustior (Lindenb. ex Nees) C.E.O.Jensen
- Riccia crystallina var. cavernosa (Hoffm.) Schwägr.
- Riccia huebeneriana var. cavernosa (Casares-Gil) Jovet-Ast
- Riccia minoriformis Hoffm.
- Riccia montagnei Steph.
- Riccia multilamellata (Steph.) Steph.
- Riccia rautanenii (Steph.) Steph.
- Riccia robusta Kashyap
- Riccia suntica Pettet
- Riccia tellinii Gola
- Riccia teneriffae S.W.Arnell
- Riccia terracianoi Gola
- Ricciella crystallina var. angustior (Lindenb. ex Nees) Warnst.
- Ricciella huebeneriana var. cavernosa Casares-Gil
- Ricciella multilamellata Steph.
- Ricciella rautanenii Steph.
- Ricciella tellinii (Gola) Cufod.
- Ricciella terracianoi (Gola) Cufod.
Sourcesevery claim on this page
- World Flora Online Plant List. accepted name, authority, classification. CC0. Retrieved 2026-07-12.
- iNaturalist. photographs and flowering annotations, CC0 / CC BY / CC BY-SA only. per photograph. Retrieved 2026-06-27.
We publish what we can source and we say so when we cannot. This page has no care advice and no toxicity claim, because we do not yet have those from a source we can cite. It has no native range either: Kew's checklist does not cover this taxon.