Quercus rugosaNée

netleaf oak

WFO wfo-0000293040 Accepted WFO 2026-06 8 photographs CC0 / CC BY / CC BY-SA

Plate 1 figs. a–h · 8 separate observations

Quercus rugosa, photographed by Mike Ostrowski
fig. a Mike Ostrowski, CC BY-SA 4.0 / 2021-10-11 / obs. 163163563
Quercus rugosa, photographed by Sue Carnahan
fig. b Sue Carnahan, CC BY 4.0 / obs. 131587709
Quercus rugosa, photographed by Dan Horowitz
fig. c Dan Horowitz, CC0 1.0 / obs. 108960900
Quercus rugosa, photographed by Paul McClellan
fig. d Paul McClellan, CC BY 4.0 / obs. 107044484
Quercus rugosa, photographed by Tom Field
fig. e Tom Field, CC BY 4.0 / obs. 106404019
Quercus rugosa, photographed by Eric Knight
fig. f Eric Knight, CC BY 4.0 / obs. 81867112
Quercus rugosa, photographed by Juan Carlos Fonseca Mata
fig. g Juan Carlos Fonseca Mata, CC BY 4.0 / obs. 77762392
Quercus rugosa, photographed by José Belem Hernández Díaz
fig. h José Belem Hernández Díaz, CC BY 4.0 / obs. 57887938

Every figure is a research-grade observation under CC0, CC BY or CC BY-SA, rehosted with the photographer’s name, the licence and the observation it came from. Photographs under a NonCommercial licence are excluded from this site and are never stored, which costs us a great many pictures and is not negotiable.

Native range 11 botanical countries

Regions where Quercus rugosa is native: Arizona, Mexico Central, Mexico Gulf, Mexico Northeast, Mexico Northwest, Mexico Southeast, Mexico Southwest, New Mexico, Texas, Guatemala, Honduras ArizonaMexico CentralMexico GulfMexico NortheastMexico NorthwestMexico SoutheastMexico SouthwestNew MexicoTexasGuatemalaHonduras
Native distribution of Quercus rugosa, after Kew’s World Checklist of Vascular Plants. Introduced, extinct and doubtful records are excluded, so this is where the plant is from, not everywhere it now grows.
RegionTDWG codeContinent
Arizona ARI NORTHERN AMERICA
Mexico Central MXC
Mexico Gulf MXG
Mexico Northeast MXE
Mexico Northwest MXN
Mexico Southeast MXT
Mexico Southwest MXS
New Mexico NWM
Texas TEX
Guatemala GUA SOUTHERN AMERICA
Honduras HON

Region boundaries approximated from Natural Earth (public domain) and mapped to TDWG World Geographical Scheme for Recording Plant Distributions (WGSRPD) level-3 botanical countries (Brummitt 2001). Indicative, not the official WGSRPD geometry.

Where it actually grows measured, from 1,275 observations

Condition 5th percentile Median 95th percentile
Coldest month, mean daily low -5.6 °C 1.5 °C 7.3 °C
Warmest month, mean daily high 20.7 °C 25.2 °C 30.7 °C
Annual rainfall 504 mm 684 mm 1,603 mm
Rainfall in the driest quarter 25 mm 43 mm 63 mm

It is found where winters bring hard frost. This is not care advice and it is not a forecast. It is a measurement: we sampled the climate at every one of the 1,275 research-grade observations of Quercus rugosa that carry a coordinate, and this is the range those places actually span. The 5th and 95th percentiles are used rather than the minimum and maximum, because a single cultivated specimen in a heated conservatory should not widen a tropical plant's range to the Arctic.

This is not a hardiness zone. A USDA zone is the average annual extreme minimum temperature. The figure above is the mean daily minimum of the coldest month, which is a different quantity and is typically far warmer. Reading one as the other would place a plant several zones too warm, so we do not publish a hardiness zone, because we do not have one.

Also published as 28 synonyms

A synonym is not an error. It is a record of botanists disagreeing, in print, about where this plant belongs. Each of these was somebody’s considered answer.

  • Quercus conglomerata Trel.
  • Quercus decipiens M.Martens & Galeotti
  • Quercus diversicolor Trel.
  • Quercus diversicolor var. mearnsii Trel.
  • Quercus diversicolor var. socorronis Trel.
  • Quercus dugesii A.Nelson
  • Quercus durangensis Trel.
  • Quercus innuncupata Trel.
  • Quercus macrophylla var. rugosa (Née) Wenz.
  • Quercus mellifera Ocampo
  • Quercus purpusii Trel.
  • Quercus reticulata Bonpl.
  • Quercus reticulata f. applanata (Trel.) A.Camus
  • Quercus reticulata f. concava (Trel.) A.Camus
  • Quercus reticulata f. crenata (Trel.) A.Camus
  • Quercus reticulata f. dugesii Trel.
  • Quercus reticulata f. longa Trel.
  • Quercus reticulata f. squarrosa Trel.
  • Quercus reticulata subsp. rhodophlebia (Trel.) A.Camus
  • Quercus reticulata var. conglomerata (Trel.) A.Camus
  • Quercus reticulata var. squarrosa Trel.
  • Quercus rhodophlebia Trel.
  • Quercus rhodophlebia f. applanata Trel.
  • Quercus rhodophlebia f. concava Trel.

and 4 more.

Sourcesevery claim on this page

  1. World Flora Online Plant List. accepted name, authority, classification. CC0. Retrieved 2026-07-12.
  2. iNaturalist. photographs and flowering annotations, CC0 / CC BY / CC BY-SA only. per photograph. Retrieved 2026-06-27.
  3. Wikidata. common name (P1843), joined on the World Flora Online identifier (P7715). CC0. Retrieved 2026-07-13.
  4. Kew, World Checklist of Vascular Plants (WCVP v16). native distribution by TDWG level-3 botanical country, and life form. CC BY 3.0. Retrieved 2026-06-04.

We publish what we can source and we say so when we cannot. This page has no care advice and no toxicity claim, because we do not yet have those from a source we can cite.