Pyrrosia confluens(R.Br.) Ching

WFO wfo-0001118012 Accepted WFO 2026-06 8 photographs CC BY / CC BY-SA

Plate 1 figs. a–h · 8 separate observations

Pyrrosia confluens, photographed by Greg Tasney
fig. a Greg Tasney, CC BY-SA 4.0 / 2022-06-05 / obs. 203652695
Pyrrosia confluens, photographed by Greg Tasney
fig. b Greg Tasney, CC BY-SA 4.0 / obs. 195883870
Pyrrosia confluens, photographed by Greg Tasney
fig. c Greg Tasney, CC BY-SA 4.0 / obs. 195875811
Pyrrosia confluens, photographed by Greg Tasney
fig. d Greg Tasney, CC BY-SA 4.0 / obs. 184799016
Pyrrosia confluens, photographed by Greg Tasney
fig. e Greg Tasney, CC BY-SA 4.0 / obs. 179214046
Pyrrosia confluens, photographed by Greg Tasney
fig. f Greg Tasney, CC BY-SA 4.0 / obs. 177996992
Pyrrosia confluens, photographed by Greg Tasney
fig. g Greg Tasney, CC BY-SA 4.0 / obs. 177228550
Pyrrosia confluens, photographed by Thomas Mesaglio
fig. h Thomas Mesaglio, CC BY 4.0 / obs. 175887099

Every figure is a research-grade observation under CC0, CC BY or CC BY-SA, rehosted with the photographer’s name, the licence and the observation it came from. Photographs under a NonCommercial licence are excluded from this site and are never stored, which costs us a great many pictures and is not negotiable.

Native range 8 botanical countries

Regions where Pyrrosia confluens is native: New South Wales, Norfolk Is., Queensland, Cook Is., New Caledonia, Society Is., Tubuai Is., Vanuatu New South WalesQueenslandNew Caledonia Norfolk Is.Cook Is.Society Is.Tubuai Is.Vanuatu
Native distribution of Pyrrosia confluens, after Kew’s World Checklist of Vascular Plants. Introduced, extinct and doubtful records are excluded, so this is where the plant is from, not everywhere it now grows. Regions too small to draw at this scale are marked with a dot.
RegionTDWG codeContinent
Cook Is. COO PACIFIC
New Caledonia NWC
Society Is. SCI
Tubuai Is. TUB
Vanuatu VAN
New South Wales NSW AUSTRALASIA
Norfolk Is. NFK
Queensland QLD

Region boundaries approximated from Natural Earth (public domain) and mapped to TDWG World Geographical Scheme for Recording Plant Distributions (WGSRPD) level-3 botanical countries (Brummitt 2001). Indicative, not the official WGSRPD geometry.

Where it actually grows measured, from 382 observations

Condition 5th percentile Median 95th percentile
Coldest month, mean daily low 4.2 °C 9.9 °C 18.2 °C
Warmest month, mean daily high 22.7 °C 27.5 °C 29.4 °C
Annual rainfall 794 mm 1,256 mm 2,197 mm
Rainfall in the driest quarter 103 mm 143 mm 276 mm

It is barely found anywhere that freezes. This is not care advice and it is not a forecast. It is a measurement: we sampled the climate at every one of the 382 research-grade observations of Pyrrosia confluens that carry a coordinate, and this is the range those places actually span. The 5th and 95th percentiles are used rather than the minimum and maximum, because a single cultivated specimen in a heated conservatory should not widen a tropical plant's range to the Arctic.

This is not a hardiness zone. A USDA zone is the average annual extreme minimum temperature. The figure above is the mean daily minimum of the coldest month, which is a different quantity and is typically far warmer. Reading one as the other would place a plant several zones too warm, so we do not publish a hardiness zone, because we do not have one.

Also published as 22 synonyms

A synonym is not an error. It is a record of botanists disagreeing, in print, about where this plant belongs. Each of these was somebody’s considered answer.

  • Cyclophorus confluens (R.Br.) C.Chr.
  • Cyclophorus dielsii C.Chr.
  • Cyclophorus intermedius Goy
  • Cyclophorus scytopteris (Fée) E.Fourn.
  • Cyclophorus spicatus Domin
  • Cyclosorus dielsii C.Chr.
  • Drymoglossum cunninghamii T.Moore
  • Niphobolus acrostichoides Kaulf.
  • Niphobolus confluens (R.Br.) Spreng.
  • Niphobolus scytopteris Fée
  • Niphobolus spicatus Domin
  • Pleopeltis glabra Fourn.
  • Polypodium confluens R.Br.
  • Polypodium confluens var. lobatum F.M.Bailey
  • Polypodium glabrum Mett.
  • Polypodium rupestre Hook.
  • Polypodium serpens var. grande F.M.Bailey
  • Polypodium spicatum (Domin) F.M.Bailey
  • Pyrrosia confluens var. confluens
  • Pyrrosia dielsii (C.Chr.) Tindale
  • Pyrrosia intermedia (Goy) K.H.Shing
  • Scytopteris acrostichoides (Kaulf.) C.Presl

Sourcesevery claim on this page

  1. World Flora Online Plant List. accepted name, authority, classification. CC0. Retrieved 2026-07-12.
  2. iNaturalist. photographs and flowering annotations, CC0 / CC BY / CC BY-SA only. per photograph. Retrieved 2026-06-27.
  3. Kew, World Checklist of Vascular Plants (WCVP v16). native distribution by TDWG level-3 botanical country, and life form. CC BY 3.0. Retrieved 2026-06-04.

We publish what we can source and we say so when we cannot. This page has no care advice and no toxicity claim, because we do not yet have those from a source we can cite.