{
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  "url": "https://botanai.app/plants/puccinellia-maritima/",
  "last_modified": "2025-12-15",
  "id": {
    "slug": "puccinellia-maritima",
    "wfo": "wfo-0000895389",
    "inat_taxon_id": 167588
  },
  "name": {
    "scientific": "Puccinellia maritima",
    "authorship": "(Huds.) Parl.",
    "genus": "Puccinellia",
    "epithet": "maritima",
    "family": "Poaceae",
    "rank": "species",
    "taxonomic_status": "accepted",
    "accepted_according_to": "World Flora Online Plant List, 2026-06",
    "is_homonym": false,
    "published_in": "Fl. Ital. 1: 370 (1850)",
    "protologue_url": "https://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:419097-1",
    "common": {
      "preferred": "seaside alkaligrass",
      "english": [
        "seaside alkaligrass"
      ],
      "source": "wikidata"
    },
    "synonyms": [
      {
        "name": "Atropis beltranii",
        "authorship": "Sennen"
      },
      {
        "name": "Atropis distans var. maritima",
        "authorship": "(Huds.) Coss. & Durieu"
      },
      {
        "name": "Atropis foucaudii",
        "authorship": "Hack. ex Fouc."
      },
      {
        "name": "Atropis intermedia var. arenaria",
        "authorship": "Schur"
      },
      {
        "name": "Atropis intermedia var. pseudomaritima",
        "authorship": "Schur"
      },
      {
        "name": "Atropis maritima",
        "authorship": "(Huds.) Griseb."
      },
      {
        "name": "Atropis pseudomaritima",
        "authorship": "(Schur) Schur"
      },
      {
        "name": "Atropis transsilvanica",
        "authorship": "Schur"
      },
      {
        "name": "Catabrosa maritima",
        "authorship": "(Huds.) Link"
      },
      {
        "name": "Diachroa maritima",
        "authorship": "Nutt. ex Steud."
      },
      {
        "name": "Festuca distans var. maritima",
        "authorship": "(Huds.) Mutel"
      },
      {
        "name": "Festuca maritima",
        "authorship": "(Huds.) K.Koch"
      },
      {
        "name": "Festuca thalassica",
        "authorship": "Kunth"
      },
      {
        "name": "Festuca thalassica var. anomala",
        "authorship": "Lange"
      },
      {
        "name": "Glyceria baltica",
        "authorship": "Lindeb."
      },
      {
        "name": "Glyceria baltica f. setacea",
        "authorship": "Lindeb."
      },
      {
        "name": "Glyceria baltica f. vegetior",
        "authorship": "Lindeb."
      },
      {
        "name": "Glyceria baumgarteniana",
        "authorship": "Schur"
      },
      {
        "name": "Glyceria distans var. maritima",
        "authorship": "(Huds.) Vicq & De Brutelette"
      },
      {
        "name": "Glyceria dusenii",
        "authorship": "Lindeb."
      },
      {
        "name": "Glyceria maritima",
        "authorship": "(Huds.) Wahlenb."
      },
      {
        "name": "Glyceria maritima subvar. subcaespitosa",
        "authorship": "Druce"
      },
      {
        "name": "Glyceria maritima var. amethystina",
        "authorship": "G.Mey."
      },
      {
        "name": "Glyceria maritima var. arenaria",
        "authorship": "Fr."
      },
      {
        "name": "Glyceria maritima var. deflexa",
        "authorship": "(Syme) Druce"
      },
      {
        "name": "Glyceria maritima var. hispida",
        "authorship": "Hook.f."
      },
      {
        "name": "Glyceria maritima var. nana",
        "authorship": "Lange"
      },
      {
        "name": "Glyceria maritima var. riparia",
        "authorship": "Hook.f."
      },
      {
        "name": "Glyceria salina var. maritima",
        "authorship": "(Huds.) Zabel"
      },
      {
        "name": "Hydrochloa maritima",
        "authorship": "Hartm."
      },
      {
        "name": "Molinia distans var. reptans",
        "authorship": "Hartm."
      },
      {
        "name": "Molinia maritima",
        "authorship": "(Huds.) Hartm."
      },
      {
        "name": "Panicularia maritima",
        "authorship": "Scribn."
      },
      {
        "name": "Phippsia maritima",
        "authorship": "(Huds.) Á.Löve"
      },
      {
        "name": "Poa arenaria",
        "authorship": "Retz."
      },
      {
        "name": "Poa arundinacea",
        "authorship": "Moench"
      },
      {
        "name": "Poa gracilis",
        "authorship": "Trin."
      },
      {
        "name": "Poa maritima",
        "authorship": "Huds."
      },
      {
        "name": "Poa maritima var. hispida",
        "authorship": "Parn."
      },
      {
        "name": "Puccinellia americana",
        "authorship": "T.J.Sørensen"
      },
      {
        "name": "Puccinellia baltica",
        "authorship": "(Lindeb.) Holmb."
      },
      {
        "name": "Puccinellia baltica f. setacea",
        "authorship": "(Lindeb.) Holmb."
      },
      {
        "name": "Puccinellia baltica f. vegetior",
        "authorship": "(Lindeb.) Holmb."
      },
      {
        "name": "Puccinellia dusenii",
        "authorship": "(Lindeb.) Holmb."
      },
      {
        "name": "Puccinellia maritima f. glaberrima",
        "authorship": "Holmb."
      },
      {
        "name": "Puccinellia maritima var. arenaria",
        "authorship": "(Fr. ex Neuman) Holmb."
      },
      {
        "name": "Puccinellia maritima var. major",
        "authorship": "Holmb."
      },
      {
        "name": "Puccinellia maritima var. nana",
        "authorship": "(Lange) J.T.Jansen & Wacht."
      },
      {
        "name": "Puccinellia maritima var. reptans",
        "authorship": "(Hartm.) Holmb."
      },
      {
        "name": "Puccinellia maritima var. subfistulosa",
        "authorship": "Holmb."
      },
      {
        "name": "Puccinellia pseudomaritima",
        "authorship": "(Schur) Ponert"
      },
      {
        "name": "Puccinellia pseudomaritima",
        "authorship": "(Schur) Morariu"
      },
      {
        "name": "Puccinellia thalassica",
        "authorship": "(Kunth) Podp."
      },
      {
        "name": "Puccinellia transsilvanica var. arenaria",
        "authorship": "(Schur) Morariu"
      },
      {
        "name": "Puccinellia transsilvanica var. pseudomaritima",
        "authorship": "(Schur) Morariu"
      },
      {
        "name": "Sclerochloa arenaria",
        "authorship": "Nees"
      },
      {
        "name": "Sclerochloa arenaria var. maritima",
        "authorship": "(Huds.) A.Gray"
      },
      {
        "name": "Sclerochloa maritima",
        "authorship": "(Huds.) Lindl."
      },
      {
        "name": "Sclerochloa maritima var. deflexa",
        "authorship": "Syme"
      }
    ],
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Puccinellia_maritima"
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        "name": "Canary Is.",
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        "name": "Great Britain",
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        "name": "Iceland",
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        "region": "Eastern Europe"
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        "name": "Norway",
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        "region": "Northern Europe"
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        "name": "Poland",
        "continent": "EUROPE",
        "region": "Middle Europe"
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        "name": "Portugal",
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        "region": "Southwestern Europe"
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        "name": "Spain",
        "continent": "EUROPE",
        "region": "Southwestern Europe"
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        "name": "Sweden",
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      "p95": 30.7
    },
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      "p95": 216.4
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    "units": {
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      "min_temp_coldest_month_c": "degrees Celsius (mean daily MINIMUM of the coldest month)",
      "max_temp_warmest_month_c": "degrees Celsius (mean daily MAXIMUM of the warmest month)",
      "annual_precip_mm": "millimetres per year",
      "precip_driest_quarter_mm": "millimetres in the driest quarter"
    },
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    "citation": "Karger, D.N. et al. (2017) Climatologies at high resolution for the earth's land surface areas. Scientific Data 4, 170122.",
    "occurrences": "iNaturalist Research-grade Observations",
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    "is_hardiness_zone": false,
    "hardiness_zone_note": "min_temp_coldest_month_c is NOT a USDA hardiness zone. A USDA zone is the average annual EXTREME minimum temperature; this is the mean daily minimum of the coldest month, which is typically about 16 C warmer. Do not present one as the other."
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  "identification": {
    "on_device_model": {
      "model": "Google AIY plants V1 (TFLite, 2,102 classes)",
      "identifies_this_species": false
    },
    "in_accuracy_benchmark": false,
    "benchmark_url": "https://botanai.app/accuracy/",
    "confused_with": []
  },
  "sources": [
    {
      "name": "World Flora Online Plant List",
      "note": "accepted name, authority, classification",
      "license": "CC0",
      "url": "https://www.worldfloraonline.org/",
      "retrieved": "2026-07-12"
    },
    {
      "name": "iNaturalist",
      "note": "photographs and flowering annotations, CC0 / CC BY / CC BY-SA only",
      "license": "per photograph",
      "url": "https://www.inaturalist.org/",
      "retrieved": "2026-06-27"
    },
    {
      "name": "Wikidata",
      "note": "common name (P1843), joined on the World Flora Online identifier (P7715)",
      "license": "CC0",
      "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/",
      "retrieved": "2026-07-13"
    },
    {
      "name": "Kew, World Checklist of Vascular Plants (WCVP v16)",
      "note": "native distribution by TDWG level-3 botanical country, and life form",
      "license": "CC BY 3.0",
      "url": "https://doi.org/10.15468/6h8ucr",
      "retrieved": "2026-06-04"
    }
  ],
  "gaps": [
    {
      "field": "care",
      "status": "not_published",
      "reason": "Not published anywhere on this site. Every care claim we could make cheaply would be an unsourced enum, which is what the previous version of this site did and why it was deleted."
    },
    {
      "field": "toxicity",
      "status": "not_published",
      "reason": "Not published. The widely copied list is a copyrighted compilation restricted to noncommercial use, and we will not scrape it. A sourced toxicity dataset is being built from primary literature and is not ready."
    },
    {
      "field": "botanical_review",
      "status": "not_sourced",
      "reason": "No page on this site has been reviewed by a named botanist. The determination label says so, on every page."
    },
    {
      "field": "hardiness_zone",
      "status": "not_published",
      "reason": "Not published for any species. A USDA hardiness zone is the average annual EXTREME minimum temperature, and we hold the mean daily minimum of the coldest month, which is a different quantity and typically about 16 C warmer. Presenting one as the other would place a plant several zones too warm, so we do not publish a zone at all."
    },
    {
      "field": "phenology",
      "status": "not_sourced",
      "reason": "No dated flowering annotations found for this taxon."
    }
  ],
  "license": {
    "data": "CC BY 4.0",
    "attribution": "BotanAI, https://botanai.app/plants/puccinellia-maritima/",
    "note": "This document is licensed CC BY 4.0. The PHOTOGRAPHS it links are licensed individually and separately: each carries its own license and license_url, and those terms govern. Underlying taxonomy is CC0 (World Flora Online); native range is CC BY 3.0 (Kew)."
  }
}