Plate 1 figs. a–h
Every figure is a research-grade observation under CC0, CC BY or CC BY-SA, rehosted with the photographer’s name, the licence and the observation it came from. Photographs under a NonCommercial licence are excluded from this site and are never stored, which costs us a great many pictures and is not negotiable.
Also published as 35 synonyms
A synonym is not an error. It is a record of botanists disagreeing, in print, about where this plant belongs. Each of these was somebody’s considered answer.
- Allosorus arachnoideus (Kaulf.) C.Presl
- Allosorus esculentus (G.Forst.) C.Presl
- Allosorus psittacinus C.Presl
- Aspidium brasilianum C.Presl
- Cheilanthes aquilinaris Fée
- Cincinalis arachnoidea Trevis.
- Cincinalis esculenta Trevis.
- Cystopteris brasiliana C.Presl
- Filix-foemina aquilina var. arachnoidea Farw.
- Hypolepis aquilinaris (Fée) Christ
- Hypolepis brasiliana (Pr.) Kuhn
- Ornithopteris esculenta J.Sm.
- Pteridium aquilinum f. arachnoidea Hieron.
- Pteridium aquilinum f. arachnoideum (Kaulf. ) Hieron.
- Pteridium aquilinum subsp. esculentum (G.Forst.) C.Chr.
- Pteridium aquilinum subsp. esculentum (G.Forst.) Bonap.
- Pteridium aquilinum var. aequipinnulum Domin
- Pteridium aquilinum var. arachnoideum (Kaulf.) Brade
- Pteridium aquilinum var. esculentum (G.Forst.) Kuhn
- Pteridium aquilinum var. pseudocaudatum Domin
- Pteridium aquilinum var. umbrosum Christ ex Rosenst.
- Pteridium arachnoideum (Kaulf.) Maxon
- Pteridium arachnoideum subsp. campestre (Schrad.) Schwartsb. & P.L.R.Moraes
- Pteridium campestre (Schrad.) Christenh.
and 11 more.
Sourcesevery claim on this page
- World Flora Online Plant List. accepted name, authority, classification. CC0. Retrieved 2026-07-12.
- iNaturalist. photographs and flowering annotations, CC0 / CC BY / CC BY-SA only. per photograph. Retrieved 2026-06-27.
We publish what we can source and we say so when we cannot. This page has no care advice, no toxicity claim and no native range, because we do not yet have those from a source we can cite.