{
  "$schema": "https://botanai.app/schema/species-v1.json",
  "schema_version": 1,
  "url": "https://botanai.app/plants/potentilla-pusilla/",
  "last_modified": "2024-06-04",
  "id": {
    "slug": "potentilla-pusilla",
    "wfo": "wfo-0001018785",
    "inat_taxon_id": 83473
  },
  "name": {
    "scientific": "Potentilla pusilla",
    "authorship": "Host",
    "genus": "Potentilla",
    "epithet": "pusilla",
    "family": "Rosaceae",
    "rank": "species",
    "taxonomic_status": "accepted",
    "accepted_according_to": "World Flora Online Plant List, 2026-06",
    "is_homonym": false,
    "published_in": "Fl. Austriaca  2: 39 (1831)",
    "protologue_url": "https://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:728818-1",
    "common": {
      "preferred": "spring cinquefoil",
      "english": [
        "spring cinquefoil"
      ],
      "source": "usda"
    },
    "synonyms": [
      {
        "name": "Potentilla abbreviata",
        "authorship": "Zimmeter"
      },
      {
        "name": "Potentilla acaulis subsp. pusilla",
        "authorship": "(Host) Guin."
      },
      {
        "name": "Potentilla albertii",
        "authorship": "Zimmeter"
      },
      {
        "name": "Potentilla bolzanensis var. astelligera",
        "authorship": "F.Saut."
      },
      {
        "name": "Potentilla bolzanensis var. latifolia",
        "authorship": "F.Saut."
      },
      {
        "name": "Potentilla bolzanensis var. prorepens",
        "authorship": "F.Saut."
      },
      {
        "name": "Potentilla bolzanensis var. umbrosa",
        "authorship": "F.Saut."
      },
      {
        "name": "Potentilla bondonis",
        "authorship": "Evers"
      },
      {
        "name": "Potentilla bruginoensis",
        "authorship": "Evers"
      },
      {
        "name": "Potentilla cinerea",
        "authorship": "Gaudin"
      },
      {
        "name": "Potentilla cinerea subsp. gaudinii",
        "authorship": "(Gremli) P.Fourn."
      },
      {
        "name": "Potentilla cinerea var. gaudinii",
        "authorship": "(Gremli) Rouy & E.G.Camus"
      },
      {
        "name": "Potentilla dubiosa",
        "authorship": "Evers"
      },
      {
        "name": "Potentilla gaudinii",
        "authorship": "Gremli"
      },
      {
        "name": "Potentilla gaudinii f. astelligera",
        "authorship": "(F.Saut.) Th.Wolf"
      },
      {
        "name": "Potentilla gaudinii f. benacensis",
        "authorship": "Zimmeter ex Th.Wolf"
      },
      {
        "name": "Potentilla gaudinii f. eglandulosa",
        "authorship": "Th.Wolf"
      },
      {
        "name": "Potentilla gaudinii f. eglandulosa",
        "authorship": "Th.Wolf"
      },
      {
        "name": "Potentilla gaudinii f. genuina",
        "authorship": "Posp."
      },
      {
        "name": "Potentilla gaudinii f. glandulosa",
        "authorship": "Th.Wolf"
      },
      {
        "name": "Potentilla gaudinii f. glandulosissima",
        "authorship": "(Th.Wolf) Th.Wolf"
      },
      {
        "name": "Potentilla gaudinii f. grandiflora",
        "authorship": "Th.Wolf"
      },
      {
        "name": "Potentilla gaudinii f. haematosticta",
        "authorship": "(Goiran) Th.Wolf"
      },
      {
        "name": "Potentilla gaudinii f. incisa",
        "authorship": "Posp."
      },
      {
        "name": "Potentilla gaudinii f. latifolia",
        "authorship": "(F.Saut.) Th.Wolf"
      },
      {
        "name": "Potentilla gaudinii f. murriana",
        "authorship": "Th.Wolf"
      },
      {
        "name": "Potentilla gaudinii f. nana",
        "authorship": "Th.Wolf"
      },
      {
        "name": "Potentilla gaudinii f. parceglandulosa",
        "authorship": "Th.Wolf"
      },
      {
        "name": "Potentilla gaudinii f. parviflora",
        "authorship": "Th.Wolf"
      },
      {
        "name": "Potentilla gaudinii f. pilosior",
        "authorship": "Th.Wolf"
      },
      {
        "name": "Potentilla gaudinii f. platypetala",
        "authorship": "Th.Wolf"
      },
      {
        "name": "Potentilla gaudinii f. prorepens",
        "authorship": "(F.Saut.) Th.Wolf"
      },
      {
        "name": "Potentilla gaudinii f. stenopetala",
        "authorship": "Th.Wolf"
      },
      {
        "name": "Potentilla gaudinii f. umbrosa",
        "authorship": "(F.Saut.) Th.Wolf"
      },
      {
        "name": "Potentilla gaudinii prol. longifolia",
        "authorship": "(Th.Wolf) Th.Wolf"
      },
      {
        "name": "Potentilla gaudinii prol. sarajevensis",
        "authorship": "(K.Malý) K.Malý"
      },
      {
        "name": "Potentilla gaudinii prol. typica",
        "authorship": "Th.Wolf"
      },
      {
        "name": "Potentilla gaudinii prol. virescens",
        "authorship": "(Th.Wolf) Th.Wolf"
      },
      {
        "name": "Potentilla gaudinii subvar. abbreviata",
        "authorship": "(Zimmeter) Th.Wolf"
      },
      {
        "name": "Potentilla gaudinii subvar. aprica",
        "authorship": "(Huter ex Th.Wolf) Th.Wolf"
      },
      {
        "name": "Potentilla gaudinii subvar. eglandulosa",
        "authorship": "(Th.Wolf) Th.Wolf"
      },
      {
        "name": "Potentilla gaudinii subvar. glandulosissima",
        "authorship": "Th.Wolf"
      },
      {
        "name": "Potentilla gaudinii subvar. grandiflora",
        "authorship": "(Th.Wolf) Th.Wolf"
      },
      {
        "name": "Potentilla gaudinii subvar. murrii",
        "authorship": "(Zimmeter) Th.Wolf"
      },
      {
        "name": "Potentilla gaudinii subvar. parviflora",
        "authorship": "(Th.Wolf) Th.Wolf"
      },
      {
        "name": "Potentilla gaudinii subvar. stenopetala",
        "authorship": "(Th.Wolf) Th.Wolf"
      },
      {
        "name": "Potentilla gaudinii var. benacensis",
        "authorship": "(Zimmeter ex Th.Wolf) Th.Wolf"
      },
      {
        "name": "Potentilla gaudinii var. boosiana",
        "authorship": "(K.Malý) K.Malý"
      },
      {
        "name": "Potentilla gaudinii var. boosiana",
        "authorship": "(K.Malý) K.Malý"
      },
      {
        "name": "Potentilla gaudinii var. germadensis",
        "authorship": "Posp."
      },
      {
        "name": "Potentilla gaudinii var. grisancensis",
        "authorship": "Beyer"
      },
      {
        "name": "Potentilla gaudinii var. longifolia",
        "authorship": "(Borbás ex Zimmeter) Th.Wolf"
      },
      {
        "name": "Potentilla gaudinii var. longifolia",
        "authorship": "Th.Wolf"
      },
      {
        "name": "Potentilla gaudinii var. tirolensis",
        "authorship": "(Zimmeter) Schinz & R.Keller"
      },
      {
        "name": "Potentilla gaudinii var. typica",
        "authorship": "Posp."
      },
      {
        "name": "Potentilla gaudinii var. virescens",
        "authorship": "Th.Wolf"
      },
      {
        "name": "Potentilla gelmiana",
        "authorship": "Siegfr. ex Th.Wolf"
      },
      {
        "name": "Potentilla germadensis",
        "authorship": "Evers ex Th.Wolf"
      },
      {
        "name": "Potentilla ginsiensis",
        "authorship": "Waisb."
      },
      {
        "name": "Potentilla ginsiensis",
        "authorship": "Woł. ex T.Durand & B.D.Jacks."
      },
      {
        "name": "Potentilla glandulifera",
        "authorship": "Kras. ex Nyman"
      },
      {
        "name": "Potentilla glandulifera",
        "authorship": "Krašan ex A.Kern."
      },
      {
        "name": "Potentilla glandulifera f. tiroliensis",
        "authorship": "Hayek"
      },
      {
        "name": "Potentilla glandulifera subsp. gaudinii",
        "authorship": "(Gremli) Hayek"
      },
      {
        "name": "Potentilla glandulifera subsp. virescens",
        "authorship": "(Th.Wolf) Hayek"
      },
      {
        "name": "Potentilla glandulifera var. lancifolia",
        "authorship": "(Waisb.) Hayek"
      },
      {
        "name": "Potentilla glandulifera var. longifolia",
        "authorship": "(Borbás ex Zimmeter) Hayek"
      },
      {
        "name": "Potentilla glandulifera var. virescens",
        "authorship": "(Th.Wolf) Gajić"
      },
      {
        "name": "Potentilla glandulifera var. viscidula",
        "authorship": "Waisb."
      },
      {
        "name": "Potentilla glandulosa",
        "authorship": "Krašan"
      },
      {
        "name": "Potentilla haematosticta",
        "authorship": "Goiran"
      },
      {
        "name": "Potentilla incana var. gaudinii",
        "authorship": "(Gremli) Burnat & Briq."
      },
      {
        "name": "Potentilla lancifolia",
        "authorship": "Waisb."
      },
      {
        "name": "Potentilla longifolia",
        "authorship": "Borbás ex Zimmeter"
      },
      {
        "name": "Potentilla longifrons",
        "authorship": "Borbás"
      },
      {
        "name": "Potentilla loppiensis",
        "authorship": "Evers"
      },
      {
        "name": "Potentilla mezzocoronae",
        "authorship": "Evers"
      },
      {
        "name": "Potentilla monticola",
        "authorship": "Zimmeter"
      },
      {
        "name": "Potentilla murrii",
        "authorship": "Zimmeter"
      },
      {
        "name": "Potentilla neumanniana",
        "authorship": "Rchb."
      },
      {
        "name": "Potentilla noarnae",
        "authorship": "Evers"
      },
      {
        "name": "Potentilla oenipontana",
        "authorship": "Murr ex Th.Wolf"
      },
      {
        "name": "Potentilla opaca f. longifrons",
        "authorship": "(Borbás) Beck"
      },
      {
        "name": "Potentilla opaca f. pusilla",
        "authorship": "Vocke ex Zimmeter"
      },
      {
        "name": "Potentilla opaca unranked neumanniana",
        "authorship": "(Rchb.) Wünsche"
      },
      {
        "name": "Potentilla opaca var. neumanniana",
        "authorship": "(Rchb.) Nyman"
      },
      {
        "name": "Potentilla opaca var. vindobonensis",
        "authorship": "(Zimmeter) Beck"
      },
      {
        "name": "Potentilla pari",
        "authorship": "Evers"
      },
      {
        "name": "Potentilla parii",
        "authorship": "Evers"
      },
      {
        "name": "Potentilla ponale",
        "authorship": "Evers"
      },
      {
        "name": "Potentilla puberula",
        "authorship": "Krašan"
      },
      {
        "name": "Potentilla puberula var. viridis",
        "authorship": "(Neilr.) Bech."
      },
      {
        "name": "Potentilla pusilla var. lancifolia",
        "authorship": "(Waisb.) Soó"
      },
      {
        "name": "Potentilla pusilla var. longifolia",
        "authorship": "(Borbás ex Zimmeter) Mayer ex Soó"
      },
      {
        "name": "Potentilla pusilla var. longifolia",
        "authorship": "(Borbás ex Zimmeter) J.C.Mayer ex Soó"
      },
      {
        "name": "Potentilla pusilla var. viridis",
        "authorship": "(Neilr.) Mayer ex Soó"
      },
      {
        "name": "Potentilla pusilla var. viridis",
        "authorship": "(Neilr.) J.C.Mayer ex Soó"
      },
      {
        "name": "Potentilla rivae",
        "authorship": "Evers"
      },
      {
        "name": "Potentilla ronchii",
        "authorship": "Evers"
      },
      {
        "name": "Potentilla rubens var. pusilla",
        "authorship": "(Vocke ex Zimmeter) Th.Wolf"
      },
      {
        "name": "Potentilla tabernaemontani f. sarajevensis",
        "authorship": "K.Malý"
      },
      {
        "name": "Potentilla tabernaemontani prol. neumanniana",
        "authorship": "(Rchb.) Th.Wolf"
      },
      {
        "name": "Potentilla tabernaemontani subvar. pusilla",
        "authorship": "(Host) Th.Wolf"
      },
      {
        "name": "Potentilla tabernaemontani unranked longifrons",
        "authorship": "(Borbás) A.F.Schwarz"
      },
      {
        "name": "Potentilla tabernaemontani var. boosiana",
        "authorship": "K.Malý"
      },
      {
        "name": "Potentilla tirolensis",
        "authorship": "Zimm. ex Nyman"
      },
      {
        "name": "Potentilla tiroliensis",
        "authorship": "Zimm. ex A.Kern."
      },
      {
        "name": "Potentilla tiroliensis",
        "authorship": "Zimmeter"
      },
      {
        "name": "Potentilla tiroliensis f. aprica",
        "authorship": "Huter ex Th.Wolf"
      },
      {
        "name": "Potentilla vasonis",
        "authorship": "Evers"
      },
      {
        "name": "Potentilla verna f. glandulifera",
        "authorship": "(Krašan ex A.Kern.) Bolzon"
      },
      {
        "name": "Potentilla verna f. pusilla",
        "authorship": "(Host) Th.Wolf"
      },
      {
        "name": "Potentilla verna subsp. longifrons",
        "authorship": "(Borbás) Focke"
      },
      {
        "name": "Potentilla verna subsp. puberula",
        "authorship": "(Krašan) Hegi"
      },
      {
        "name": "Potentilla verna var. astelligera",
        "authorship": "(F.Saut.) Reiter"
      },
      {
        "name": "Potentilla verna var. gaudinii",
        "authorship": "(Gremli) Fiori"
      },
      {
        "name": "Potentilla verna var. longifolia",
        "authorship": "Borbás ex Zimmeter"
      },
      {
        "name": "Potentilla verna var. neumanniana",
        "authorship": "(Rchb.) Th.Wolf"
      },
      {
        "name": "Potentilla verna var. pusilla",
        "authorship": "(Host) W.D.J.Koch"
      },
      {
        "name": "Potentilla verna var. viridis",
        "authorship": "Neilr."
      },
      {
        "name": "Potentilla vindobonensis",
        "authorship": "Zimm. ex A.Kern."
      },
      {
        "name": "Potentilla vindobonensis",
        "authorship": "Zimmeter"
      },
      {
        "name": "Potentilla viridis",
        "authorship": "(Neilr.) Fritsch"
      },
      {
        "name": "Potentilla viscida",
        "authorship": "Evers"
      }
    ],
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        "creator_url": "https://www.inaturalist.org/people/ljazz",
        "source_url": "https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/04e1a803-96d6-4f88-9cda-5f369be93c8a",
        "observed_on": "2021-04-25",
        "lat": 45.686,
        "lon": 14.067,
        "original": {
          "width": 768,
          "height": 1024
        },
        "widths": [
          400,
          768
        ],
        "urls": {
          "avif": {
            "400": "https://img.botanai.app/p/122912419/r1/400.avif",
            "768": "https://img.botanai.app/p/122912419/r1/768.avif"
          },
          "jpeg": {
            "400": "https://img.botanai.app/p/122912419/r1/400.jpg",
            "768": "https://img.botanai.app/p/122912419/r1/768.jpg"
          }
        },
        "attribution": "Ljaž, CC BY 4.0, via iNaturalist"
      },
      {
        "photo_id": 119692938,
        "license": "CC-BY",
        "license_name": "CC BY 4.0",
        "license_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
        "derivatives_restricted": false,
        "creator": "Ljaž",
        "creator_url": "https://www.inaturalist.org/people/ljazz",
        "source_url": "https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/f319071a-a06f-47dc-8cc3-6973a7e84e09",
        "observed_on": "2021-04-08",
        "lat": 45.997,
        "lon": 14.614,
        "original": {
          "width": 768,
          "height": 1024
        },
        "widths": [
          400,
          768
        ],
        "urls": {
          "avif": {
            "400": "https://img.botanai.app/p/119692938/r1/400.avif",
            "768": "https://img.botanai.app/p/119692938/r1/768.avif"
          },
          "jpeg": {
            "400": "https://img.botanai.app/p/119692938/r1/400.jpg",
            "768": "https://img.botanai.app/p/119692938/r1/768.jpg"
          }
        },
        "attribution": "Ljaž, CC BY 4.0, via iNaturalist"
      }
    ]
  },
  "native_range": {
    "scheme": "TDWG World Geographical Scheme for Recording Plant Distributions, level 3",
    "source": "Kew, World Checklist of Vascular Plants (WCVP v16)",
    "license": "CC BY 3.0",
    "excludes": [
      "introduced",
      "extinct",
      "location_doubtful"
    ],
    "codes": [
      "ALB",
      "AUT",
      "CZE",
      "FRA",
      "GER",
      "HUN",
      "ITA",
      "YUG",
      "POL",
      "ROM",
      "SWI",
      "UKR"
    ],
    "regions": [
      {
        "code": "ALB",
        "name": "Albania",
        "continent": "EUROPE",
        "region": "Southeastern Europe"
      },
      {
        "code": "AUT",
        "name": "Austria",
        "continent": "EUROPE",
        "region": "Middle Europe"
      },
      {
        "code": "CZE",
        "name": "Czechia-Slovakia",
        "continent": "EUROPE",
        "region": "Middle Europe"
      },
      {
        "code": "FRA",
        "name": "France",
        "continent": "EUROPE",
        "region": "Southwestern Europe"
      },
      {
        "code": "GER",
        "name": "Germany",
        "continent": "EUROPE",
        "region": "Middle Europe"
      },
      {
        "code": "HUN",
        "name": "Hungary",
        "continent": "EUROPE",
        "region": "Middle Europe"
      },
      {
        "code": "ITA",
        "name": "Italy",
        "continent": "EUROPE",
        "region": "Southeastern Europe"
      },
      {
        "code": "YUG",
        "name": "NW. Balkan Pen.",
        "continent": "EUROPE",
        "region": "Southeastern Europe"
      },
      {
        "code": "POL",
        "name": "Poland",
        "continent": "EUROPE",
        "region": "Middle Europe"
      },
      {
        "code": "ROM",
        "name": "Romania",
        "continent": "EUROPE",
        "region": "Southeastern Europe"
      },
      {
        "code": "SWI",
        "name": "Switzerland",
        "continent": "EUROPE",
        "region": "Middle Europe"
      },
      {
        "code": "UKR",
        "name": "Ukraine",
        "continent": "EUROPE",
        "region": "Eastern Europe"
      }
    ]
  },
  "phenology": {
    "n": 13,
    "n_annotated": 13,
    "sufficient": false,
    "doi": null,
    "source": "GBIF SQL download of iNaturalist Research-grade Observations",
    "quality_grade": "research (guaranteed upstream by iNaturalist at export)",
    "fields": {
      "by_month": "observations found IN FLOWER, by month (Jan..Dec)",
      "annotated_by_month": "observations in which a human recorded the reproductive state at all, by month. This is the denominator, and it includes the records that said \"no flowers or fruits\".",
      "share": "by_month / annotated_by_month. null where too few plants were examined to state a proportion.",
      "ci": "95% Wilson score interval on share.",
      "peak_month": "the month with the highest SHARE, not the highest count."
    }
  },
  "traits": {
    "lifeform": "perennial",
    "climate": "temperate"
  },
  "climate_envelope": {
    "mean_annual_temp_c": {
      "p5": 6.2,
      "median": 10,
      "p95": 13.3
    },
    "temp_seasonality": {
      "p5": 672.9,
      "median": 725.2,
      "p95": 760.5
    },
    "max_temp_warmest_month_c": {
      "p5": 20.3,
      "median": 24.5,
      "p95": 27.8
    },
    "min_temp_coldest_month_c": {
      "p5": -8.2,
      "median": -4.3,
      "p95": -1.1
    },
    "annual_precip_mm": {
      "p5": 630.1,
      "median": 1152.5,
      "p95": 1828.1
    },
    "precip_seasonality": {
      "p5": 11.8,
      "median": 26,
      "p95": 36.3
    },
    "precip_driest_quarter_mm": {
      "p5": 107.1,
      "median": 190.5,
      "p95": 320.5
    },
    "n": 88,
    "units": {
      "mean_annual_temp_c": "degrees Celsius",
      "min_temp_coldest_month_c": "degrees Celsius (mean daily MINIMUM of the coldest month)",
      "max_temp_warmest_month_c": "degrees Celsius (mean daily MAXIMUM of the warmest month)",
      "annual_precip_mm": "millimetres per year",
      "precip_driest_quarter_mm": "millimetres in the driest quarter"
    },
    "source": "CHELSA V2.1 climatologies 1981-2010, 30 arcsec",
    "citation": "Karger, D.N. et al. (2017) Climatologies at high resolution for the earth's land surface areas. Scientific Data 4, 170122.",
    "occurrences": "iNaturalist Research-grade Observations",
    "occurrences_doi": null,
    "method": "Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 88 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.",
    "is_hardiness_zone": false,
    "hardiness_zone_note": "min_temp_coldest_month_c is NOT a USDA hardiness zone. A USDA zone is the average annual EXTREME minimum temperature; this is the mean daily minimum of the coldest month, which is typically about 16 C warmer. Do not present one as the other."
  },
  "identification": {
    "on_device_model": {
      "model": "Google AIY plants V1 (TFLite, 2,102 classes)",
      "identifies_this_species": false
    },
    "in_accuracy_benchmark": false,
    "benchmark_url": "https://botanai.app/accuracy/",
    "confused_with": []
  },
  "sources": [
    {
      "name": "World Flora Online Plant List",
      "note": "accepted name, authority, classification",
      "license": "CC0",
      "url": "https://www.worldfloraonline.org/",
      "retrieved": "2026-07-12"
    },
    {
      "name": "iNaturalist",
      "note": "photographs and flowering annotations, CC0 / CC BY / CC BY-SA only",
      "license": "per photograph",
      "url": "https://www.inaturalist.org/",
      "retrieved": "2026-06-27"
    },
    {
      "name": "USDA PLANTS Database",
      "note": "common name, checklist symbol PONE20",
      "license": "public domain",
      "url": "https://plants.usda.gov/",
      "retrieved": "2026-07-13"
    },
    {
      "name": "Kew, World Checklist of Vascular Plants (WCVP v16)",
      "note": "native distribution by TDWG level-3 botanical country, and life form",
      "license": "CC BY 3.0",
      "url": "https://doi.org/10.15468/6h8ucr",
      "retrieved": "2026-06-04"
    }
  ],
  "gaps": [
    {
      "field": "care",
      "status": "not_published",
      "reason": "Not published anywhere on this site. Every care claim we could make cheaply would be an unsourced enum, which is what the previous version of this site did and why it was deleted."
    },
    {
      "field": "toxicity",
      "status": "not_published",
      "reason": "Not published. The widely copied list is a copyrighted compilation restricted to noncommercial use, and we will not scrape it. A sourced toxicity dataset is being built from primary literature and is not ready."
    },
    {
      "field": "botanical_review",
      "status": "not_sourced",
      "reason": "No page on this site has been reviewed by a named botanist. The determination label says so, on every page."
    },
    {
      "field": "hardiness_zone",
      "status": "not_published",
      "reason": "Not published for any species. A USDA hardiness zone is the average annual EXTREME minimum temperature, and we hold the mean daily minimum of the coldest month, which is a different quantity and typically about 16 C warmer. Presenting one as the other would place a plant several zones too warm, so we do not publish a zone at all."
    },
    {
      "field": "phenology",
      "status": "insufficient_evidence",
      "reason": "Only 13 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one."
    }
  ],
  "license": {
    "data": "CC BY 4.0",
    "attribution": "BotanAI, https://botanai.app/plants/potentilla-pusilla/",
    "note": "This document is licensed CC BY 4.0. The PHOTOGRAPHS it links are licensed individually and separately: each carries its own license and license_url, and those terms govern. Underlying taxonomy is CC0 (World Flora Online); native range is CC BY 3.0 (Kew)."
  }
}