Polycarpon tetraphyllum(L.) L.

four-leaved all-seedfourleaf manyseed

WFO wfo-0000395614 Accepted WFO 2026-06 8 photographs CC0 / CC BY

Plate 1 figs. a–h · 8 separate observations

Polycarpon tetraphyllum, photographed by Daniel Cahen
fig. a Daniel Cahen, CC BY 4.0 / 2022-06-12 / obs. 205537593

Every figure is a research-grade observation under CC0, CC BY or CC BY-SA, rehosted with the photographer’s name, the licence and the observation it came from. Photographs under a NonCommercial licence are excluded from this site and are never stored, which costs us a great many pictures and is not negotiable.

The specimen a real sheet, in a real collection

Herbarium
The New York Botanical Garden
Accession
656825
Filed as
Polycarpon tetraphyllum (L.) L.
Det. by
L. B. Smith 1957-01-01
Collected
R. Reitz 1956-10-26
Origin
BR
The sheet
View the digitised specimen (CC BY 4.0)

A real pressed plant, in a real collection, under the accession number above. Not an illustration of one. The holding institution does not serve this sheet’s image to third parties, so there is no photograph here. The record is real and the link goes to it. Where we hold no openly licensed sheet for a species this section is simply absent, and where a sheet never recorded who determined it, that field stays empty rather than being filled in. Roughly half of all herbarium sheets never recorded a determiner, which is ordinary.

Native range 54 botanical countries

Regions where Polycarpon tetraphyllum is native: Algeria, Azores, Canary Is., Cape Verde, Djibouti, Egypt, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Libya, Madeira, Morocco, Selvagens, Somalia, Sudan-South Sudan, Tunisia, Cyprus, East Aegean Is., Gulf States, Iran, Iraq, Kuwait, Lebanon-Syria, Oman, Palestine, Saudi Arabia, Sinai, Transcaucasus, Türkiye, Yemen, India, Sri Lanka, Albania, Baleares, Bulgaria, Corse, France, Germany, Great Britain, Greece, Italy, Kriti, NW. Balkan Pen., Portugal, Sardegna, Sicilia, Spain, Switzerland, Türkiye-in-Europe, California, Mexico Northwest, Argentina Northeast, Colombia, Paraguay, Venezuela AlgeriaDjiboutiEgyptEritreaEthiopiaLibyaMoroccoSelvagensSomaliaSudan-South SudanTunisiaCyprusEast Aegean Is.Gulf StatesIranIraqKuwaitLebanon-SyriaOmanPalestineSaudi ArabiaSinaiTranscaucasusTürkiyeYemenIndiaSri LankaAlbaniaBulgariaCorseFranceGermanyGreeceItalyKritiNW. Balkan Pen.PortugalSiciliaSpainSwitzerlandTürkiye-in-EuropeCaliforniaMexico NorthwestArgentina NortheastColombiaParaguayVenezuela AzoresCanary Is.Cape VerdeMadeiraBalearesSardegna
Native distribution of Polycarpon tetraphyllum, after Kew’s World Checklist of Vascular Plants. Introduced, extinct and doubtful records are excluded, so this is where the plant is from, not everywhere it now grows. Regions too small to draw at this scale are marked with a dot.
RegionTDWG codeContinent
Albania ALB EUROPE
Baleares BAL
Bulgaria BUL
Corse COR
France FRA
Germany GER
Great Britain GRB
Greece GRC
Italy ITA
Kriti KRI
NW. Balkan Pen. YUG
Portugal POR
Sardegna SAR
Sicilia SIC
Spain SPA
Switzerland SWI
Türkiye-in-Europe TUE
Algeria ALG AFRICA
Azores AZO
Canary Is. CNY
Cape Verde CVI
Djibouti DJI
Egypt EGY
Eritrea ERI
Ethiopia ETH
Libya LBY
Madeira MDR
Morocco MOR
Selvagens SEL
Somalia SOM
Sudan-South Sudan SUD
Tunisia TUN
Cyprus CYP ASIA-TEMPERATE
East Aegean Is. EAI
Gulf States GST
Iran IRN
Iraq IRQ
Kuwait KUW
Lebanon-Syria LBS
Oman OMA
Palestine PAL
Saudi Arabia SAU
Sinai SIN
Transcaucasus TCS
Türkiye TUR
Yemen YEM
Argentina Northeast AGE SOUTHERN AMERICA
Colombia CLM
Paraguay PAR
Venezuela VEN
India IND ASIA-TROPICAL
Sri Lanka SRL
California CAL NORTHERN AMERICA
Mexico Northwest MXN

Not drawn on the map: Great Britain. We hold no public-domain boundary for this region, so it is listed rather than guessed at.

Region boundaries approximated from Natural Earth (public domain) and mapped to TDWG World Geographical Scheme for Recording Plant Distributions (WGSRPD) level-3 botanical countries (Brummitt 2001). Indicative, not the official WGSRPD geometry.

Flowering 237 in flower of 507 examined

Proportion of examined Polycarpon tetraphyllum in flower, by month
Month In flower Examined Share 95% interval
Jan 14 24 58% 39% to 76%
Feb 9 20 45% 26% to 66%
Mar 7 20 35% 18% to 57%
Apr 52 121 43% 35% to 52%
May 52 86 60% 50% to 70%
Jun 26 61 43% 31% to 55%
Jul 20 33 61% 44% to 75%
Aug 3 16 19% 7% to 43%
Sep 6 21 29% 14% to 50%
Oct 18 38 47% 32% to 63%
Nov 20 41 49% 34% to 64%
Dec 10 26 38% 22% to 57%

Peak flowering in Jul. Each bar is the share of Polycarpon tetraphyllum observations in which someone actually recorded the reproductive state and found the plant in flower, not the raw number of flowering records. That distinction matters: people observe plants far more in spring than in winter, so a bare count of flowering records partly measures when people go outside. Dividing by the number examined removes that. 237 of 507 examined observations were in flower, every one of them research grade. The whisker on each bar is a 95% Wilson interval. This is still a global aggregate and not a forecast for your garden: the same species flowers on different dates in different hemispheres. Where a species has fewer than 30 flowering records we do not draw this chart at all. Computed from 10.15468/dl.cgje2x.

When it blooms, where you are 1 state

StatePeaksObservations in flower
California Jul 71

Where it actually grows measured, from 1,954 observations

Condition 5th percentile Median 95th percentile
Coldest month, mean daily low -1.9 °C 6.3 °C 12.0 °C
Warmest month, mean daily high 18.0 °C 25.5 °C 34.6 °C
Annual rainfall 316 mm 721 mm 1,700 mm
Rainfall in the driest quarter 4 mm 92 mm 237 mm

It is found where winters bring light frost. This is not care advice and it is not a forecast. It is a measurement: we sampled the climate at every one of the 1,954 research-grade observations of Polycarpon tetraphyllum that carry a coordinate, and this is the range those places actually span. The 5th and 95th percentiles are used rather than the minimum and maximum, because a single cultivated specimen in a heated conservatory should not widen a tropical plant's range to the Arctic.

This is not a hardiness zone. A USDA zone is the average annual extreme minimum temperature. The figure above is the mean daily minimum of the coldest month, which is a different quantity and is typically far warmer. Reading one as the other would place a plant several zones too warm, so we do not publish a hardiness zone, because we do not have one. Climate from CHELSA V2.1 (Karger et al. 2017); occurrences from 10.15468/dl.cgje2x.

Also published as 16 synonyms

A synonym is not an error. It is a record of botanists disagreeing, in print, about where this plant belongs. Each of these was somebody’s considered answer.

  • Alsine polycarpon Crantz
  • Hagaea alsinifolia Biv.
  • Holosteum tetraphyllum (L.) Thunb.
  • Lahaya alsinifolia Roem. & Schult.
  • Mollia alsinefolia (Biv.) Schult.
  • Mollugo tetraphylla L.
  • Polycarpaea tetraphylla (L.) E.H.L.Krause
  • Polycarpon alsinifolium (Biv.) DC.
  • Polycarpon alsinifolium var. leiospermum (Biv.) Ball
  • Polycarpon diphyllum Cav.
  • Polycarpon floribundum Willk.
  • Polycarpon rotundifolium Rouy
  • Polycarpon tetraphyllum subsp. tetraphyllum
  • Polycarpon tetraphyllum var. alsinifolium Arcang.
  • Polycarpon tetraphyllum var. diphyllum (Cav.) Romo
  • Polycarpon tetraphyllum var. verticillatum Fenzl

Sourcesevery claim on this page

  1. World Flora Online Plant List. accepted name, authority, classification. CC0. Retrieved 2026-07-12.
  2. iNaturalist. photographs and flowering annotations, CC0 / CC BY / CC BY-SA only. per photograph. Retrieved 2026-06-27.
  3. Wikidata. common name (P1843), joined on the World Flora Online identifier (P7715). CC0. Retrieved 2026-07-13.
  4. Kew, World Checklist of Vascular Plants (WCVP v16). native distribution by TDWG level-3 botanical country, and life form. CC BY 3.0. Retrieved 2026-06-04.

We publish what we can source and we say so when we cannot. This page has no care advice and no toxicity claim, because we do not yet have those from a source we can cite.