Plenasium banksiifolium(C.Presl) C.Presl

WFO wfo-0001116481 Accepted WFO 2026-06 8 photographs CC BY

Plate 1 figs. a–h · 8 separate observations

Plenasium banksiifolium, photographed by Jacy Chen
fig. a Jacy Chen, CC BY 4.0 / 2020-12-10 / obs. 109529861
Plenasium banksiifolium, photographed by chiuluan
fig. b chiuluan, CC BY 4.0 / obs. 85230707
Plenasium banksiifolium, photographed by agujaceratops
fig. c agujaceratops, CC BY 4.0 / obs. 57908064
Plenasium banksiifolium, photographed by 呂一起(Lyu yi-chi)
fig. d 呂一起(Lyu yi-chi), CC BY 4.0 / obs. 147052817
Plenasium banksiifolium, photographed by chiuluan
fig. e chiuluan, CC BY 4.0 / obs. 85404799
Plenasium banksiifolium, photographed by 何小花
fig. f 何小花, CC BY 4.0 / obs. 69605181
Plenasium banksiifolium, photographed by Cheng-Te Hsu
fig. g Cheng-Te Hsu, CC BY 4.0 / obs. 64692447
Plenasium banksiifolium, photographed by Cheng-Te Hsu
fig. h Cheng-Te Hsu, CC BY 4.0 / obs. 51813163

Every figure is a research-grade observation under CC0, CC BY or CC BY-SA, rehosted with the photographer’s name, the licence and the observation it came from. Photographs under a NonCommercial licence are excluded from this site and are never stored, which costs us a great many pictures and is not negotiable.

The specimen a real sheet, in a real collection

Herbarium
Smithsonian, US National Herbarium
Accession
US 3630009
Filed as
Plenasium banksiifolium (C.Presl) C.Presl
Det. by
Testo, W.
Collected
J. F. Barcelona & R. Fernandez 2008-02-11
Origin
PH
The sheet
View the digitised specimen (CC0 1.0)

A real pressed plant, in a real collection, under the accession number above. Not an illustration of one. The holding institution does not serve this sheet’s image to third parties, so there is no photograph here. The record is real and the link goes to it. Where we hold no openly licensed sheet for a species this section is simply absent, and where a sheet never recorded who determined it, that field stays empty rather than being filled in. Roughly half of all herbarium sheets never recorded a determiner, which is ordinary.

Native range 10 botanical countries

Regions where Plenasium banksiifolium is native: China Southeast, Japan, Kamchatka, Nansei-shoto, Ogasawara-shoto, Taiwan, Borneo, Jawa, Philippines, Sulawesi China SoutheastJapanKamchatkaTaiwanBorneoJawaPhilippinesSulawesi Nansei-shoto
Native distribution of Plenasium banksiifolium, after Kew’s World Checklist of Vascular Plants. Introduced, extinct and doubtful records are excluded, so this is where the plant is from, not everywhere it now grows. Regions too small to draw at this scale are marked with a dot.
RegionTDWG codeContinent
China Southeast CHS ASIA-TEMPERATE
Japan JAP
Kamchatka KAM
Nansei-shoto NNS
Ogasawara-shoto OGA
Taiwan TAI
Borneo BOR ASIA-TROPICAL
Jawa JAW
Philippines PHI
Sulawesi SUL

Not drawn on the map: Ogasawara-shoto. We hold no public-domain boundary for this region, so it is listed rather than guessed at.

Region boundaries approximated from Natural Earth (public domain) and mapped to TDWG World Geographical Scheme for Recording Plant Distributions (WGSRPD) level-3 botanical countries (Brummitt 2001). Indicative, not the official WGSRPD geometry.

Where it actually grows measured, from 343 observations

Condition 5th percentile Median 95th percentile
Coldest month, mean daily low 7.4 °C 12.3 °C 18.2 °C
Warmest month, mean daily high 25.0 °C 29.0 °C 30.6 °C
Annual rainfall 2,124 mm 3,236 mm 4,565 mm
Rainfall in the driest quarter 109 mm 396 mm 809 mm

It is barely found anywhere that freezes. This is not care advice and it is not a forecast. It is a measurement: we sampled the climate at every one of the 343 research-grade observations of Plenasium banksiifolium that carry a coordinate, and this is the range those places actually span. The 5th and 95th percentiles are used rather than the minimum and maximum, because a single cultivated specimen in a heated conservatory should not widen a tropical plant's range to the Arctic.

This is not a hardiness zone. A USDA zone is the average annual extreme minimum temperature. The figure above is the mean daily minimum of the coldest month, which is a different quantity and is typically far warmer. Reading one as the other would place a plant several zones too warm, so we do not publish a hardiness zone, because we do not have one.

Also published as 12 synonyms

A synonym is not an error. It is a record of botanists disagreeing, in print, about where this plant belongs. Each of these was somebody’s considered answer.

  • Asplenium aureum Blume
  • Nephrodium banksiifolium C.Presl
  • Nephrodium bromeliifolium C.Presl
  • Osmunda banksiifolia (Pr.) Kuhn
  • Osmunda banksiifolia var. bromeliifolia (C.Presl) Kuhn
  • Osmunda bromeliifolia (C.Presl) Copel.
  • Osmunda haenkeana C.Presl
  • Osmunda oxyodon Miq.
  • Osmunda presliana J.Sm.
  • Plenasium aureum C.Presl
  • Plenasium bromeliifolium (C.Presl) C.Presl
  • Plenasium oxyodon (Miq.) A.E.Bobrov

Sourcesevery claim on this page

  1. World Flora Online Plant List. accepted name, authority, classification. CC0. Retrieved 2026-07-12.
  2. iNaturalist. photographs and flowering annotations, CC0 / CC BY / CC BY-SA only. per photograph. Retrieved 2026-06-27.
  3. Kew, World Checklist of Vascular Plants (WCVP v16). native distribution by TDWG level-3 botanical country, and life form. CC BY 3.0. Retrieved 2026-06-04.

We publish what we can source and we say so when we cannot. This page has no care advice and no toxicity claim, because we do not yet have those from a source we can cite.