{
  "$schema": "https://botanai.app/schema/species-v1.json",
  "schema_version": 1,
  "url": "https://botanai.app/plants/pleioblastus-variegatus/",
  "last_modified": "2024-06-04",
  "id": {
    "slug": "pleioblastus-variegatus",
    "wfo": "wfo-0000891181",
    "inat_taxon_id": 405013
  },
  "name": {
    "scientific": "Pleioblastus variegatus",
    "authorship": "(J.Dix) Makino",
    "genus": "Pleioblastus",
    "epithet": "variegatus",
    "family": "Poaceae",
    "rank": "species",
    "taxonomic_status": "accepted",
    "accepted_according_to": "World Flora Online Plant List, 2026-06",
    "is_homonym": false,
    "published_in": "J. Jap. Bot. 3: 23 (1926)",
    "protologue_url": "https://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:416359-1",
    "common": {
      "preferred": "pygmy bamboo",
      "english": [
        "pygmy bamboo"
      ],
      "source": "usda"
    },
    "synonyms": [
      {
        "name": "Arundarbor fortunei",
        "authorship": "(Van Houtte) Kuntze"
      },
      {
        "name": "Arundarbor pygmaea",
        "authorship": "(Miq.) Kuntze"
      },
      {
        "name": "Arundinaria fortunei",
        "authorship": "(Van Houtte) Rivière"
      },
      {
        "name": "Arundinaria fortunei var. variegata",
        "authorship": "(J.Dix) Bean"
      },
      {
        "name": "Arundinaria oroshimozasa",
        "authorship": "R.Stover"
      },
      {
        "name": "Arundinaria pygmaea",
        "authorship": "(Miq.) Makino"
      },
      {
        "name": "Arundinaria shibuyana",
        "authorship": "(Makino ex Nakai) R.Stover"
      },
      {
        "name": "Arundinaria uyenoensis",
        "authorship": "(Nakai) R.Stover"
      },
      {
        "name": "Arundinaria variabilis",
        "authorship": "Makino ex M.Vilm."
      },
      {
        "name": "Arundinaria variabilis f. glabra",
        "authorship": "Ohwi"
      },
      {
        "name": "Arundinaria variabilis var. fortunei",
        "authorship": "(Van Houtte) Houz."
      },
      {
        "name": "Arundinaria variabilis var. pygmaea",
        "authorship": "(Miq.) Makino"
      },
      {
        "name": "Arundinaria variabilis var. variegata",
        "authorship": "Makino"
      },
      {
        "name": "Arundinaria variegata",
        "authorship": "(J.Dix) Makino"
      },
      {
        "name": "Arundinaria variegata f. pubescens",
        "authorship": "Makino"
      },
      {
        "name": "Arundinaria variegata f. tsuboii",
        "authorship": "Makino ex I.Tsuboi"
      },
      {
        "name": "Arundinaria variegata var. oroshima",
        "authorship": "Makino ex I.Tsuboi"
      },
      {
        "name": "Arundinaria variegata var. tsumorii",
        "authorship": "Makino"
      },
      {
        "name": "Bambusa fortunei",
        "authorship": "Van Houtte"
      },
      {
        "name": "Bambusa fortunei unranked vittatis",
        "authorship": "Siebold"
      },
      {
        "name": "Bambusa fortunei var. aureostriata",
        "authorship": "H.P."
      },
      {
        "name": "Bambusa fortunei var. variegata",
        "authorship": "H.P."
      },
      {
        "name": "Bambusa maximowiczii",
        "authorship": "Munro"
      },
      {
        "name": "Bambusa picta",
        "authorship": "Siebold & Zucc. ex Munro"
      },
      {
        "name": "Bambusa pygmaea",
        "authorship": "Miq."
      },
      {
        "name": "Bambusa variegata",
        "authorship": "J.Dix"
      },
      {
        "name": "Nipponocalamus dimorphophyllus",
        "authorship": "(Koidz.) Nakai"
      },
      {
        "name": "Nipponocalamus fortunei",
        "authorship": "(Van Houtte) Nakai"
      },
      {
        "name": "Nipponocalamus pygmaeus",
        "authorship": "(Miq.) Nakai"
      },
      {
        "name": "Nipponocalamus ramosissimus",
        "authorship": "(Nakai) Nakai"
      },
      {
        "name": "Nipponocalamus shibuyanus",
        "authorship": "(Makino ex Nakai) Nakai"
      },
      {
        "name": "Nipponocalamus tosaensis",
        "authorship": "(Koidz.) Nakai"
      },
      {
        "name": "Nipponocalamus tsukubensis",
        "authorship": "(Nakai) Nakai"
      },
      {
        "name": "Nipponocalamus uyenoensis",
        "authorship": "(Nakai) Nakai"
      },
      {
        "name": "Nipponocalamus yasuianus",
        "authorship": "(Koidz.) Nakai"
      },
      {
        "name": "Pleioblastus chino f. tsukubensis",
        "authorship": "(Nakai) Muroi"
      },
      {
        "name": "Pleioblastus dimorphophyllus",
        "authorship": "Koidz."
      },
      {
        "name": "Pleioblastus distichus f. tsuboi",
        "authorship": "(Makino ex I.Tsuboi) Muroi & H.Okamura"
      },
      {
        "name": "Pleioblastus fortunei",
        "authorship": "(Van Houtte) Nakai"
      },
      {
        "name": "Pleioblastus fortunei f. albostriatus",
        "authorship": "Muroi & H.Okamura"
      },
      {
        "name": "Pleioblastus fortunei f. kiakebono",
        "authorship": "Muroi & H.Okamura"
      },
      {
        "name": "Pleioblastus fortunei f. pubescens",
        "authorship": "(Makino) Muroi"
      },
      {
        "name": "Pleioblastus fortunei f. shimofuri",
        "authorship": "H.Okamura & Yu.Tanaka"
      },
      {
        "name": "Pleioblastus kongosanensis var. ystrophyllus",
        "authorship": "(Koidz.) Sad.Suzuki"
      },
      {
        "name": "Pleioblastus pubescens",
        "authorship": "(Makino) Nakai"
      },
      {
        "name": "Pleioblastus pygmaeus",
        "authorship": "(Miq.) Nakai"
      },
      {
        "name": "Pleioblastus pygmaeus f. ramosissimus",
        "authorship": "(Nakai) Sad.Suzuki"
      },
      {
        "name": "Pleioblastus ramosissimus",
        "authorship": "Nakai"
      },
      {
        "name": "Pleioblastus shibuyanus",
        "authorship": "Makino ex Nakai"
      },
      {
        "name": "Pleioblastus shibuyanus f. nebulosus",
        "authorship": "Muroi"
      },
      {
        "name": "Pleioblastus shibuyanus f. pubescens",
        "authorship": "(Makino) Sad.Suzuki"
      },
      {
        "name": "Pleioblastus shibuyanus f. tsuboii",
        "authorship": "(Makino ex I.Tsuboi) Muroi"
      },
      {
        "name": "Pleioblastus shibuyanus var. basihirsutus",
        "authorship": "Sad.Suzuki"
      },
      {
        "name": "Pleioblastus tectus",
        "authorship": "Koidz."
      },
      {
        "name": "Pleioblastus tosaensis",
        "authorship": "Koidz."
      },
      {
        "name": "Pleioblastus tsukubensis",
        "authorship": "Nakai"
      },
      {
        "name": "Pleioblastus uyenoensis",
        "authorship": "Nakai"
      },
      {
        "name": "Pleioblastus variegatus f. pubescens",
        "authorship": "(Makino) Makino"
      },
      {
        "name": "Pleioblastus variegatus f. tsuboii",
        "authorship": "(Makino ex I.Tsuboi) Makino & Nemoto"
      },
      {
        "name": "Pleioblastus variegatus var. pygmaeus",
        "authorship": "(Miq.) Makino & Nemoto"
      },
      {
        "name": "Pleioblastus variegatus var. tsumorii",
        "authorship": "(Makino) Makino & Nemoto"
      },
      {
        "name": "Pleioblastus yasuianus",
        "authorship": "Koidz."
      },
      {
        "name": "Pleioblastus yoshidake var. tsuboii",
        "authorship": "(Makino ex I.Tsuboi) K.Ueda"
      },
      {
        "name": "Pleioblastus ystrophyllus",
        "authorship": "Koidz."
      },
      {
        "name": "Pseudosasa variegata",
        "authorship": "(J.Dix) Nakai"
      },
      {
        "name": "Sasa fortunei",
        "authorship": "(Van Houtte) Fiori"
      },
      {
        "name": "Sasa pygmaea",
        "authorship": "(Miq.) Rehder"
      },
      {
        "name": "Sasa variegata",
        "authorship": "(J.Dix) E.G.Camus"
      },
      {
        "name": "Sasa variegata f. pubescens",
        "authorship": "(Makino) E.G.Camus"
      }
    ],
    "wikipedia": null
  },
  "photographs": {
    "shown": 3,
    "usable_found": 3,
    "licences": [
      "CC-BY"
    ],
    "noncommercial_excluded": true,
    "items": [
      {
        "photo_id": 110505845,
        "license": "CC-BY",
        "license_name": "CC BY 4.0",
        "license_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
        "derivatives_restricted": false,
        "creator": "Jason K.",
        "creator_url": "https://www.inaturalist.org/people/milkweedhunter",
        "source_url": "https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/c14d4890-4576-4b25-877e-e1592b887c05",
        "observed_on": "2021-01-14",
        "lat": 40.146,
        "lon": -74.199,
        "original": {
          "width": 1024,
          "height": 768
        },
        "widths": [
          400,
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        ],
        "urls": {
          "avif": {
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          },
          "jpeg": {
            "400": "https://img.botanai.app/p/110505845/r1/400.jpg",
            "800": "https://img.botanai.app/p/110505845/r1/800.jpg"
          }
        },
        "attribution": "Jason K., CC BY 4.0, via iNaturalist"
      },
      {
        "photo_id": 110505820,
        "license": "CC-BY",
        "license_name": "CC BY 4.0",
        "license_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
        "derivatives_restricted": false,
        "creator": "Jason K.",
        "creator_url": "https://www.inaturalist.org/people/milkweedhunter",
        "source_url": "https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/c14d4890-4576-4b25-877e-e1592b887c05",
        "observed_on": "2021-01-14",
        "lat": 40.146,
        "lon": -74.199,
        "original": {
          "width": 768,
          "height": 1024
        },
        "widths": [
          400,
          768
        ],
        "urls": {
          "avif": {
            "400": "https://img.botanai.app/p/110505820/r1/400.avif",
            "768": "https://img.botanai.app/p/110505820/r1/768.avif"
          },
          "jpeg": {
            "400": "https://img.botanai.app/p/110505820/r1/400.jpg",
            "768": "https://img.botanai.app/p/110505820/r1/768.jpg"
          }
        },
        "attribution": "Jason K., CC BY 4.0, via iNaturalist"
      },
      {
        "photo_id": 110505830,
        "license": "CC-BY",
        "license_name": "CC BY 4.0",
        "license_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
        "derivatives_restricted": false,
        "creator": "Jason K.",
        "creator_url": "https://www.inaturalist.org/people/milkweedhunter",
        "source_url": "https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/c14d4890-4576-4b25-877e-e1592b887c05",
        "observed_on": "2021-01-14",
        "lat": 40.146,
        "lon": -74.199,
        "original": {
          "width": 768,
          "height": 1024
        },
        "widths": [
          400,
          768
        ],
        "urls": {
          "avif": {
            "400": "https://img.botanai.app/p/110505830/r1/400.avif",
            "768": "https://img.botanai.app/p/110505830/r1/768.avif"
          },
          "jpeg": {
            "400": "https://img.botanai.app/p/110505830/r1/400.jpg",
            "768": "https://img.botanai.app/p/110505830/r1/768.jpg"
          }
        },
        "attribution": "Jason K., CC BY 4.0, via iNaturalist"
      }
    ]
  },
  "native_range": {
    "scheme": "TDWG World Geographical Scheme for Recording Plant Distributions, level 3",
    "source": "Kew, World Checklist of Vascular Plants (WCVP v16)",
    "license": "CC BY 3.0",
    "excludes": [
      "introduced",
      "extinct",
      "location_doubtful"
    ],
    "codes": [
      "JAP"
    ],
    "regions": [
      {
        "code": "JAP",
        "name": "Japan",
        "continent": "ASIA-TEMPERATE",
        "region": "Eastern Asia"
      }
    ]
  },
  "phenology": null,
  "traits": {
    "lifeform": "bamboo",
    "climate": "temperate"
  },
  "climate_envelope": null,
  "identification": {
    "on_device_model": {
      "model": "Google AIY plants V1 (TFLite, 2,102 classes)",
      "identifies_this_species": false
    },
    "in_accuracy_benchmark": false,
    "benchmark_url": "https://botanai.app/accuracy/",
    "confused_with": []
  },
  "sources": [
    {
      "name": "World Flora Online Plant List",
      "note": "accepted name, authority, classification",
      "license": "CC0",
      "url": "https://www.worldfloraonline.org/",
      "retrieved": "2026-07-12"
    },
    {
      "name": "iNaturalist",
      "note": "photographs and flowering annotations, CC0 / CC BY / CC BY-SA only",
      "license": "per photograph",
      "url": "https://www.inaturalist.org/",
      "retrieved": "2026-06-27"
    },
    {
      "name": "USDA PLANTS Database",
      "note": "common name, checklist symbol ARPY8",
      "license": "public domain",
      "url": "https://plants.usda.gov/",
      "retrieved": "2026-07-13"
    },
    {
      "name": "Kew, World Checklist of Vascular Plants (WCVP v16)",
      "note": "native distribution by TDWG level-3 botanical country, and life form",
      "license": "CC BY 3.0",
      "url": "https://doi.org/10.15468/6h8ucr",
      "retrieved": "2026-06-04"
    }
  ],
  "gaps": [
    {
      "field": "care",
      "status": "not_published",
      "reason": "Not published anywhere on this site. Every care claim we could make cheaply would be an unsourced enum, which is what the previous version of this site did and why it was deleted."
    },
    {
      "field": "toxicity",
      "status": "not_published",
      "reason": "Not published. The widely copied list is a copyrighted compilation restricted to noncommercial use, and we will not scrape it. A sourced toxicity dataset is being built from primary literature and is not ready."
    },
    {
      "field": "botanical_review",
      "status": "not_sourced",
      "reason": "No page on this site has been reviewed by a named botanist. The determination label says so, on every page."
    },
    {
      "field": "climate_envelope",
      "status": "insufficient_evidence",
      "reason": "Fewer than 30 georeferenced research-grade observations of this taxon, which is too few to state a percentile range for the conditions it grows in. We would rather show nothing than a range computed from eight points in one county."
    },
    {
      "field": "hardiness_zone",
      "status": "not_published",
      "reason": "Not published for any species. A USDA hardiness zone is the average annual EXTREME minimum temperature, and we hold the mean daily minimum of the coldest month, which is a different quantity and typically about 16 C warmer. Presenting one as the other would place a plant several zones too warm, so we do not publish a zone at all."
    },
    {
      "field": "phenology",
      "status": "not_sourced",
      "reason": "No dated flowering annotations found for this taxon."
    }
  ],
  "license": {
    "data": "CC BY 4.0",
    "attribution": "BotanAI, https://botanai.app/plants/pleioblastus-variegatus/",
    "note": "This document is licensed CC BY 4.0. The PHOTOGRAPHS it links are licensed individually and separately: each carries its own license and license_url, and those terms govern. Underlying taxonomy is CC0 (World Flora Online); native range is CC BY 3.0 (Kew)."
  }
}