{ "$schema": "https://botanai.app/schema/species-v1.json", "schema_version": 1, "url": "https://botanai.app/plants/plagiochasma-rupestre/", "last_modified": "2026-06-03", "id": { "slug": "plagiochasma-rupestre", "wfo": "wfo-0001196619", "inat_taxon_id": 166958 }, "name": { "scientific": "Plagiochasma rupestre", "authorship": "(J.R.Forst. & G.Forst.) Steph.", "genus": "Plagiochasma", "epithet": "rupestre", "family": "Aytoniaceae", "rank": "species", "taxonomic_status": "accepted", "accepted_according_to": "World Flora Online Plant List, 2026-06", "is_homonym": false, "published_in": "Bull. Herb. Boissier 6(10): 783. 1898.", "protologue_url": "https://www.bryonames.org/", "common": { "preferred": null, "english": [], "source": null }, "synonyms": [ { "name": "Antrocephalus italicus", "authorship": "Sassi" }, { "name": "Antrocephalus nepalensis", "authorship": "Lehm." }, { "name": "Aytonia abyssinica", "authorship": "(Gola) Cufod." }, { "name": "Aytonia australis", "authorship": "(Nees) G.Forst. ex Steph." }, { "name": "Aytonia chlorocarpa", "authorship": "(Nees & Mont.) Kuntze" }, { "name": "Aytonia colsmanniana", "authorship": "(Lehm. & Gottsche) Kuntze" }, { "name": "Aytonia elongata", "authorship": "(Lindenb. & Gottsche) Kuntze" }, { "name": "Aytonia evansii", "authorship": "Haynes" }, { "name": "Aytonia extensa", "authorship": "Steph." }, { "name": "Aytonia italica", "authorship": "(Sassi) Lindenb." }, { "name": "Aytonia lanigera", "authorship": "Spruce" }, { "name": "Aytonia limbata", "authorship": "(Hook.f. & Taylor) Kuntze" }, { "name": "Aytonia mexicana", "authorship": "(Lindenb. & Gottsche) Kuntze" }, { "name": "Aytonia peruviana", "authorship": "(Nees & Mont.) Kuntze" }, { "name": "Aytonia rupestris", "authorship": "J.R.Forst. & G.Forst." }, { "name": "Aytonia rupestris var. albociliata", "authorship": "(Gottsche, Lindenb. & Nees) Cufod." }, { "name": "Aytonia rupestris var. rupestris", "authorship": null }, { "name": "Aytonia subplana", "authorship": "Spruce" }, { "name": "Aytonia valida", "authorship": "(Bisch.) Kuntze" }, { "name": "Corsinia lamellosa", "authorship": "Nees & Bisch." }, { "name": "Fegatella limbata", "authorship": "(Hook.f. & Taylor) Bonner" }, { "name": "Jungermannia australis", "authorship": "Hook.f. & Taylor" }, { "name": "Jungermannia limbata", "authorship": "Hook.f. & Taylor" }, { "name": "Marchantia glauca", "authorship": "Biv." }, { "name": "Otiona aitonia", "authorship": "Mitt." }, { "name": "Otiona italica", "authorship": "(Sassi) Dumort." }, { "name": "Otiona rupestris", "authorship": "(J.R.Forst. & G.Forst.) Dumort." }, { "name": "Plagiochasma abyssinicum", "authorship": "Gola" }, { "name": "Plagiochasma aitonia", "authorship": "Lindenb. & Nees" }, { "name": "Plagiochasma aitonia var. albociliatum", "authorship": "Gottsche, Lindenb. & Nees" }, { "name": "Plagiochasma algericum", "authorship": "Steph." }, { "name": "Plagiochasma australe", "authorship": "Nees" }, { "name": "Plagiochasma bornmuelleri", "authorship": "Steph." }, { "name": "Plagiochasma brasiliense", "authorship": "Steph." }, { "name": "Plagiochasma capense", "authorship": "Sim" }, { "name": "Plagiochasma chlorocarpum", "authorship": "(Nees & Mont.) Mont." }, { "name": "Plagiochasma coerulescens", "authorship": "Nadeaud" }, { "name": "Plagiochasma colsmannianum", "authorship": "Lehm. & Gottsche" }, { "name": "Plagiochasma colsmannianum var. convolutum", "authorship": "Gottsche, Lindenb. & Nees" }, { "name": "Plagiochasma dschallanum", "authorship": "Steph." }, { "name": "Plagiochasma elongatum", "authorship": "Lindenb. & Gottsche" }, { "name": "Plagiochasma evansii", "authorship": "(Haynes) Steph." }, { "name": "Plagiochasma extensum", "authorship": "(Steph.) Steph." }, { "name": "Plagiochasma grandisquamum", "authorship": "Steph." }, { "name": "Plagiochasma hodgsoniae", "authorship": "Hamlin" }, { "name": "Plagiochasma hosseusii", "authorship": "Herzog" }, { "name": "Plagiochasma italicum", "authorship": "(Sassi) De Not." }, { "name": "Plagiochasma lanigerum", "authorship": "(Spruce) Steph." }, { "name": "Plagiochasma limbatum", "authorship": "(Hook.f. & Taylor) Nees" }, { "name": "Plagiochasma mexicanum", "authorship": "Lindenb. & Gottsche" }, { "name": "Plagiochasma nepalense", "authorship": "(Lehm.) Steph." }, { "name": "Plagiochasma peruvianum", "authorship": "Nees & Mont." }, { "name": "Plagiochasma rupestre f. glaucum", "authorship": "Schier" }, { "name": "Plagiochasma rupestre f. rupestre", "authorship": null }, { "name": "Plagiochasma simlense", "authorship": "Kashyap" }, { "name": "Plagiochasma subgymnandrum", "authorship": "Hürl." }, { "name": "Plagiochasma subplanum", "authorship": "(Spruce) Steph." }, { "name": "Plagiochasma tenue", "authorship": "Steph." }, { "name": "Plagiochasma validum", "authorship": "Bisch." }, { "name": "Plagiochasma validum var. minus", "authorship": "Gottsche, Lindenb. & Nees" }, { "name": "Reboulia chlorocarpa", "authorship": "Nees & Mont." }, { "name": "Reboulia maderensis", "authorship": "Raddi" }, { "name": "Rupinia australis", "authorship": "(Nees) Trevis." }, { "name": "Rupinia chlorocarpa", "authorship": "(Nees & Mont.) Trevis." }, { "name": "Rupinia elongata", "authorship": "(Lindenb. & Gottsche) Trevis." }, { "name": "Rupinia italica", "authorship": "(Sassi) Trevis." }, { "name": "Rupinia limbata", "authorship": "(Hook.f. & Taylor) Trevis." }, { "name": "Rupinia mexicana", "authorship": "(Lindenb. & Gottsche) Trevis." }, { "name": "Rupinia nepalensis", "authorship": "(Lehm.) Trevis." }, { "name": "Rupinia peruviana", "authorship": "(Nees & Mont.) Trevis." }, { "name": "Rupinia rupestris", "authorship": "(J.R.Forst. & G.Forst.) L.f." }, { "name": "Rupinia valida", "authorship": "(Bisch.) Trevis." }, { "name": "Ruppina lichenoides", "authorship": "L.f. ex Trevis." } ], "wikipedia": null }, "photographs": { "shown": 8, "usable_found": 127, "licences": [ "CC0", "CC-BY", "CC-BY-SA" ], "noncommercial_excluded": true, "items": [ { "photo_id": 188478588, "license": "CC0", "license_name": "CC0 1.0", "license_url": "https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/", "derivatives_restricted": false, "creator": "Manuel Cardeñosa", "creator_url": "https://www.inaturalist.org/people/manuelcardenosa", "source_url": "https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/9d1f2f22-a5e5-4985-bca4-faef566f373e", "observed_on": "2022-04-16", "lat": 39.935, "lon": -0.34, "original": { "width": 1024, "height": 768 }, "widths": [ 400, 800 ], "urls": { "avif": { "400": "https://img.botanai.app/p/188478588/r1/400.avif", "800": "https://img.botanai.app/p/188478588/r1/800.avif" }, "jpeg": { "400": "https://img.botanai.app/p/188478588/r1/400.jpg", "800": "https://img.botanai.app/p/188478588/r1/800.jpg" } }, 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"https://img.botanai.app/p/177956366/r1/800.jpg" } }, "attribution": "Tomás Carranza Perales, CC BY 4.0, via iNaturalist" }, { "photo_id": 112042978, "license": "CC-BY", "license_name": "CC BY 4.0", "license_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/", "derivatives_restricted": false, "creator": "Eleftherios Katsillis", "creator_url": "https://www.inaturalist.org/people/eleftherioskats", "source_url": "https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/835d5d71-fd0e-447e-a77c-633bf99f97a6", "observed_on": "2021-02-04", "lat": 36.17, "lon": 28.098, "original": { "width": 1024, "height": 683 }, "widths": [ 400, 800 ], "urls": { "avif": { "400": "https://img.botanai.app/p/112042978/r1/400.avif", "800": "https://img.botanai.app/p/112042978/r1/800.avif" }, "jpeg": { "400": "https://img.botanai.app/p/112042978/r1/400.jpg", "800": "https://img.botanai.app/p/112042978/r1/800.jpg" } }, "attribution": "Eleftherios Katsillis, CC BY 4.0, via iNaturalist" } ] }, "native_range": null, "phenology": null, "traits": { "lifeform": null, "climate": null }, "climate_envelope": { "mean_annual_temp_c": { "p5": 12.5, "median": 16.8, "p95": 22 }, "temp_seasonality": { "p5": 127.6, "median": 391.1, "p95": 717.2 }, "max_temp_warmest_month_c": { "p5": 20.2, "median": 26.3, "p95": 35.2 }, "min_temp_coldest_month_c": { "p5": 0, "median": 7.1, "p95": 16.1 }, "annual_precip_mm": { "p5": 269.7, "median": 724.9, "p95": 2452.8 }, "precip_seasonality": { "p5": 21.7, "median": 63, "p95": 111.1 }, "precip_driest_quarter_mm": { "p5": 3.7, "median": 40, "p95": 235.7 }, "n": 770, "units": { "mean_annual_temp_c": "degrees Celsius", "min_temp_coldest_month_c": "degrees Celsius (mean daily MINIMUM of the coldest month)", "max_temp_warmest_month_c": "degrees Celsius (mean daily MAXIMUM of the warmest month)", "annual_precip_mm": "millimetres per year", "precip_driest_quarter_mm": "millimetres in the driest quarter" }, "source": "CHELSA V2.1 climatologies 1981-2010, 30 arcsec", "citation": "Karger, D.N. et al. (2017) Climatologies at high resolution for the earth's land surface areas. Scientific Data 4, 170122.", "occurrences": "iNaturalist Research-grade Observations", "occurrences_doi": null, "method": "Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 770 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.", "is_hardiness_zone": false, "hardiness_zone_note": "min_temp_coldest_month_c is NOT a USDA hardiness zone. A USDA zone is the average annual EXTREME minimum temperature; this is the mean daily minimum of the coldest month, which is typically about 16 C warmer. Do not present one as the other." }, "identification": { "on_device_model": { "model": "Google AIY plants V1 (TFLite, 2,102 classes)", "identifies_this_species": false }, "in_accuracy_benchmark": false, "benchmark_url": "https://botanai.app/accuracy/", "confused_with": [] }, "sources": [ { "name": "World Flora Online Plant List", "note": "accepted name, authority, classification", "license": "CC0", "url": "https://www.worldfloraonline.org/", "retrieved": "2026-07-12" }, { "name": "iNaturalist", "note": "photographs and flowering annotations, CC0 / CC BY / CC BY-SA only", "license": "per photograph", "url": "https://www.inaturalist.org/", "retrieved": "2026-06-27" } ], "gaps": [ { "field": "care", "status": "not_published", "reason": "Not published anywhere on this site. Every care claim we could make cheaply would be an unsourced enum, which is what the previous version of this site did and why it was deleted." }, { "field": "toxicity", "status": "not_published", "reason": "Not published. The widely copied list is a copyrighted compilation restricted to noncommercial use, and we will not scrape it. A sourced toxicity dataset is being built from primary literature and is not ready." }, { "field": "botanical_review", "status": "not_sourced", "reason": "No page on this site has been reviewed by a named botanist. The determination label says so, on every page." }, { "field": "native_range", "status": "not_sourced", "reason": "Kew's World Checklist of Vascular Plants does not cover this taxon." }, { "field": "common_name", "status": "not_sourced", "reason": "No vernacular name for this taxon in Wikidata (P1843) or iNaturalist. We do not invent one, and we do not present the scientific name as though it were a common name." }, { "field": "hardiness_zone", "status": "not_published", "reason": "Not published for any species. A USDA hardiness zone is the average annual EXTREME minimum temperature, and we hold the mean daily minimum of the coldest month, which is a different quantity and typically about 16 C warmer. Presenting one as the other would place a plant several zones too warm, so we do not publish a zone at all." }, { "field": "phenology", "status": "not_sourced", "reason": "No dated flowering annotations found for this taxon." } ], "license": { "data": "CC BY 4.0", "attribution": "BotanAI, https://botanai.app/plants/plagiochasma-rupestre/", "note": "This document is licensed CC BY 4.0. The PHOTOGRAPHS it links are licensed individually and separately: each carries its own license and license_url, and those terms govern. Underlying taxonomy is CC0 (World Flora Online); native range is CC BY 3.0 (Kew)." } }