Pinus nigraJ.F.Arnold

Black PineEuropean Black PineEuropean black pineblack pineAustrian pine

WFO wfo-0000481696 Accepted WFO 2026-06 8 photographs CC0 / CC BY

Plate 1 figs. a–h · 8 separate observations

Pinus nigra, photographed by Stephen James McWilliam
fig. a Stephen James McWilliam, CC0 1.0 / 2022-05-19 / obs. 201665031
Pinus nigra, photographed by Patrick Hacker
fig. b Patrick Hacker, CC BY 4.0 / obs. 194868379
Pinus nigra, photographed by Pavel Kacl
fig. c Pavel Kacl, CC BY 4.0 / obs. 193085460
Pinus nigra, photographed by Michael Andresek
fig. d Michael Andresek, CC BY 4.0 / obs. 179145969
Pinus nigra, photographed by Stephen James McWilliam
fig. e Stephen James McWilliam, CC0 1.0 / obs. 177546971
Pinus nigra, photographed by Michael Andresek
fig. f Michael Andresek, CC BY 4.0 / obs. 176144687
Pinus nigra, photographed by Michael Andresek
fig. g Michael Andresek, CC BY 4.0 / obs. 175265967
Pinus nigra, photographed by Michael Andresek
fig. h Michael Andresek, CC BY 4.0 / obs. 175265463

Every figure is a research-grade observation under CC0, CC BY or CC BY-SA, rehosted with the photographer’s name, the licence and the observation it came from. Photographs under a NonCommercial licence are excluded from this site and are never stored, which costs us a great many pictures and is not negotiable.

Native range 19 botanical countries

Regions where Pinus nigra is native: Algeria, Morocco, Cyprus, East Aegean Is., North Caucasus, Türkiye, Albania, Austria, Bulgaria, Corse, France, Greece, Italy, Krym, NW. Balkan Pen., Romania, Sicilia, Spain, Türkiye-in-Europe AlgeriaMoroccoCyprusEast Aegean Is.North CaucasusTürkiyeAlbaniaAustriaBulgariaCorseFranceGreeceItalyKrymNW. Balkan Pen.RomaniaSiciliaSpainTürkiye-in-Europe
Native distribution of Pinus nigra, after Kew’s World Checklist of Vascular Plants. Introduced, extinct and doubtful records are excluded, so this is where the plant is from, not everywhere it now grows.
RegionTDWG codeContinent
Albania ALB EUROPE
Austria AUT
Bulgaria BUL
Corse COR
France FRA
Greece GRC
Italy ITA
Krym KRY
NW. Balkan Pen. YUG
Romania ROM
Sicilia SIC
Spain SPA
Türkiye-in-Europe TUE
Cyprus CYP ASIA-TEMPERATE
East Aegean Is. EAI
North Caucasus NCS
Türkiye TUR
Algeria ALG AFRICA
Morocco MOR

Region boundaries approximated from Natural Earth (public domain) and mapped to TDWG World Geographical Scheme for Recording Plant Distributions (WGSRPD) level-3 botanical countries (Brummitt 2001). Indicative, not the official WGSRPD geometry.

Also published as 102 synonyms

A synonym is not an error. It is a record of botanists disagreeing, in print, about where this plant belongs. Each of these was somebody’s considered answer.

  • Abies marylandica Dallim. & A.B.Jacks.
  • Abies novae-angliae K.Koch
  • Pinus altissima Carrière
  • Pinus austriaca Höss
  • Pinus austriaca var. pendula (hort. ex Carrière) Zederb.
  • Pinus banatica (Georgescu & Ionescu) Georgescu & Ionescu
  • Pinus calabrica Gordon
  • Pinus caramanica Bosc ex Loudon
  • Pinus cebenensis Gordon
  • Pinus clusiana Clemente
  • Pinus clusiana subsp. mauretanica (Maire & Peyerimh.) Maire
  • Pinus clusiana var. corsicana (Loudon) Franco
  • Pinus corsica var. pendula (hort. ex Carrière) J.Nelson
  • Pinus corsicana Loudon
  • Pinus dalmatica Vis.
  • Pinus fenzleyi Antoine & Kotschy ex Carrière
  • Pinus italica Herter
  • Pinus karamana Mast.
  • Pinus laricio Poir.
  • Pinus laricio subsp. austriaca (Höss) Endl.
  • Pinus laricio subsp. calabrica (Loudon) Cesca & Peruzzi
  • Pinus laricio subsp. pallasiana (Lamb.) K.Richt.
  • Pinus laricio subsp. salzmannii (Dunal) K.Richt.
  • Pinus laricio var. angustisquama Willk.

and 78 more.

Sourcesevery claim on this page

  1. World Flora Online Plant List. accepted name, authority, classification. CC0. Retrieved 2026-07-12.
  2. iNaturalist. photographs and flowering annotations, CC0 / CC BY / CC BY-SA only. per photograph. Retrieved 2026-06-27.
  3. Wikidata. common name (P1843), joined on the World Flora Online identifier (P7715). CC0. Retrieved 2026-07-13.
  4. Kew, World Checklist of Vascular Plants (WCVP v16). native distribution by TDWG level-3 botanical country, and life form. CC BY 3.0. Retrieved 2026-06-04.

We publish what we can source and we say so when we cannot. This page has no care advice and no toxicity claim, because we do not yet have those from a source we can cite.