Pinus brutiaTen.

Brutia PineCalabrian PineCalabrian pineTurkish Pine

WFO wfo-0000482336 Accepted WFO 2026-06 8 photographs CC0 / CC BY / CC BY-SA

Plate 1 figs. a–h · 8 separate observations

Pinus brutia, photographed by Quentin Groom
fig. a Quentin Groom, CC0 1.0 / 2022-05-14 / obs. 197474434
Pinus brutia, photographed by Grzegorz Grzejszczak
fig. b Grzegorz Grzejszczak, CC BY-SA 4.0 / obs. 199067827
Pinus brutia, photographed by Edmundas Greimas
fig. c Edmundas Greimas, CC BY 4.0 / obs. 172309557
Pinus brutia, photographed by Eleftherios Katsillis
fig. d Eleftherios Katsillis, CC BY 4.0 / obs. 112692424
Pinus brutia, photographed by Grzegorz Grzejszczak
fig. e Grzegorz Grzejszczak, CC BY-SA 4.0 / obs. 64201346
Pinus brutia, photographed by Grzegorz Grzejszczak
fig. f Grzegorz Grzejszczak, CC BY-SA 4.0 / obs. 63897219
Pinus brutia, photographed by Grzegorz Grzejszczak
fig. g Grzegorz Grzejszczak, CC BY-SA 4.0 / obs. 63898964
Pinus brutia, photographed by Sam J. Thomas
fig. h Sam J. Thomas, CC BY 4.0 / obs. 61632692

Every figure is a research-grade observation under CC0, CC BY or CC BY-SA, rehosted with the photographer’s name, the licence and the observation it came from. Photographs under a NonCommercial licence are excluded from this site and are never stored, which costs us a great many pictures and is not negotiable.

Native range 13 botanical countries

Regions where Pinus brutia is native: Cyprus, East Aegean Is., Iran, Iraq, Lebanon-Syria, North Caucasus, Transcaucasus, Türkiye, Bulgaria, Greece, Kriti, Krym, Türkiye-in-Europe CyprusEast Aegean Is.IranIraqLebanon-SyriaNorth CaucasusTranscaucasusTürkiyeBulgariaGreeceKritiKrymTürkiye-in-Europe
Native distribution of Pinus brutia, after Kew’s World Checklist of Vascular Plants. Introduced, extinct and doubtful records are excluded, so this is where the plant is from, not everywhere it now grows.
RegionTDWG codeContinent
Cyprus CYP ASIA-TEMPERATE
East Aegean Is. EAI
Iran IRN
Iraq IRQ
Lebanon-Syria LBS
North Caucasus NCS
Transcaucasus TCS
Türkiye TUR
Bulgaria BUL EUROPE
Greece GRC
Kriti KRI
Krym KRY
Türkiye-in-Europe TUE

Region boundaries approximated from Natural Earth (public domain) and mapped to TDWG World Geographical Scheme for Recording Plant Distributions (WGSRPD) level-3 botanical countries (Brummitt 2001). Indicative, not the official WGSRPD geometry.

Also published as 24 synonyms

A synonym is not an error. It is a record of botanists disagreeing, in print, about where this plant belongs. Each of these was somebody’s considered answer.

  • Pinus brutia f. agrophiotii (Papaj.) Kandemir & Mataracı
  • Pinus brutia f. kruepericola Frankis
  • Pinus brutia f. pyrmidalis (Selik) Kandemir & Mataracı
  • Pinus brutia subsp. eldarica (Medw.) Nahal
  • Pinus brutia subsp. pendulifolia (Frankis) Silba
  • Pinus brutia subsp. pityusa (Steven) Nahal
  • Pinus brutia var. agrophiotii Papaj.
  • Pinus brutia var. caucasica Lipsky
  • Pinus brutia var. densifolia Yalt. & Boydak
  • Pinus brutia var. pyramidalis Selik
  • Pinus brutia var. stankewiczii (Sukaczev) Frankis
  • Pinus eldarica Medw.
  • Pinus halepensis subsp. brutia (Ten.) Holmboe
  • Pinus halepensis subsp. pityusa (Steven) A.E.Murray
  • Pinus halepensis subsp. stankewiczii (Sukaczev) A.E.Murray
  • Pinus halepensis var. brutia (Ten.) A.Henry
  • Pinus halepensis var. eldarica (Medw.) Fitschen
  • Pinus halepensis var. pityusa Gordon & Glend.
  • Pinus istratovae L.V.Orlova
  • Pinus persica Fox-Strangw.
  • Pinus pithyusa Fox-Strangw. ex Gordon
  • Pinus pityusa Steven
  • Pinus pityusa var. stankewiczii Sukaczev
  • Pinus stankewiczii (Sukaczev) Fomin

Sourcesevery claim on this page

  1. World Flora Online Plant List. accepted name, authority, classification. CC0. Retrieved 2026-07-12.
  2. iNaturalist. photographs and flowering annotations, CC0 / CC BY / CC BY-SA only. per photograph. Retrieved 2026-06-27.
  3. Wikidata. common name (P1843), joined on the World Flora Online identifier (P7715). CC0. Retrieved 2026-07-13.
  4. Kew, World Checklist of Vascular Plants (WCVP v16). native distribution by TDWG level-3 botanical country, and life form. CC BY 3.0. Retrieved 2026-06-04.

We publish what we can source and we say so when we cannot. This page has no care advice and no toxicity claim, because we do not yet have those from a source we can cite.