Parnassia palustrisL.

marsh grass-of-Parnassus

WFO wfo-0000479955 Accepted WFO 2026-06 8 photographs CC0 / CC BY

Plate 1 figs. a–h

Parnassia palustris, photographed by Jon Mortin
fig. a Jon Mortin, CC BY 4.0 / 2022-05-25 / obs. 200548440
Parnassia palustris, photographed by Cheng-Te Hsu
fig. b Cheng-Te Hsu, CC BY 4.0 / obs. 185650903
Parnassia palustris, photographed by Eleftherios Katsillis
fig. c Eleftherios Katsillis, CC BY 4.0 / obs. 164542639
Parnassia palustris, photographed by Roger Raiche
fig. d Roger Raiche, CC BY 4.0 / obs. 168737630
Parnassia palustris, photographed by Marco Mussita
fig. e Marco Mussita, CC BY 4.0 / obs. 158079685
Parnassia palustris, photographed by Pete Bradshaw
fig. f Pete Bradshaw, CC BY 4.0 / obs. 161096085
Parnassia palustris, photographed by xulescu_g
fig. g xulescu_g, CC BY-SA 4.0 / obs. 162428979
Parnassia palustris, photographed by Aleksei Baushev
fig. h Aleksei Baushev, CC BY 4.0 / obs. 158462519

Every figure is a research-grade observation under CC0, CC BY or CC BY-SA, rehosted with the photographer’s name, the licence and the observation it came from. Photographs under a NonCommercial licence are excluded from this site and are never stored, which costs us a great many pictures and is not negotiable.

Flowering n = 6,845 observations

Peak flowering in Aug, from 6,845 community-annotated observations worldwide. This is a global aggregate, not a forecast for your garden: the same species flowers on different dates in different hemispheres, and citizen-science records cluster near cities, at weekends, and in spring. Where a species has fewer than 30 annotated records we do not draw this chart at all.

Also published as 37 synonyms

A synonym is not an error. It is a record of botanists disagreeing, in print, about where this plant belongs. Each of these was somebody’s considered answer.

  • Enneadynamis polonorum Bubani
  • Parnassia alpina Dalla Torre
  • Parnassia californica (A.Gray) Greene
  • Parnassia ciliata Gilib.
  • Parnassia europaea Pers.
  • Parnassia montanensis Fernald & Rydb.
  • Parnassia mucronata Siebold & Zucc.
  • Parnassia multiseta (Ledeb.) Fernald
  • Parnassia neogaea (Fernald) Kharkev.
  • Parnassia obtusiflora Rupr.
  • Parnassia obtusiflora subsp. typica Á.Löve
  • Parnassia ovata Ledeb.
  • Parnassia palustris f. minima Masam.
  • Parnassia palustris f. nana T.C.Ku
  • Parnassia palustris f. pygmaea Bolzon
  • Parnassia palustris f. rhodanthera H.Ohba & Umezu
  • Parnassia palustris f. ussuriensis Kom. ex Nekr.
  • Parnassia palustris subsp. californica (A.Gray) A.E.Murray
  • Parnassia palustris subsp. multiseta (Ledeb.) Vorosch.
  • Parnassia palustris subsp. neogaea (Fernald) Hultén
  • Parnassia palustris subsp. obtusiflora (Rupr.) D.A.Webb
  • Parnassia palustris var. alpina Drude
  • Parnassia palustris var. armena Nábělek
  • Parnassia palustris var. californica A.Gray

and 13 more.

Sourcesevery claim on this page

  1. World Flora Online Plant List. accepted name, authority, classification. CC0. Retrieved 2026-07-12.
  2. iNaturalist. photographs and flowering annotations, CC0 / CC BY / CC BY-SA only. per photograph. Retrieved 2026-06-27.

We publish what we can source and we say so when we cannot. This page has no care advice, no toxicity claim and no native range, because we do not yet have those from a source we can cite.