Parahemionitis arifolia(Burm.f.) Panigrahi

WFO wfo-0001125285 Accepted WFO 2026-06 8 photographs CC BY / CC BY-SA

Plate 1 figs. a–h · 7 observations

This species has been photographed under an open licence only 7 times, so some figures below are different views of the same plant, taken on the same day, rather than different individuals. They are usually different parts of it: the leaf, the flower, the bark.

Parahemionitis arifolia, photographed by P Jeganathan
fig. a P Jeganathan, CC BY 4.0 / 2022-03-06 / obs. 186196837
Parahemionitis arifolia, photographed by Rahul R Nath
fig. b Rahul R Nath, CC BY-SA 4.0 / obs. 132106499
Parahemionitis arifolia, photographed by Jacy Chen
fig. c Jacy Chen, CC BY 4.0 / obs. 104286957
Parahemionitis arifolia, photographed by P Jeganathan
fig. d P Jeganathan, CC BY 4.0 / obs. 70306810
Parahemionitis arifolia, photographed by Rahul R Nath
fig. e Rahul R Nath, CC BY-SA 4.0 / obs. 132106514
Parahemionitis arifolia, photographed by Chayant Gonsalves
fig. f Chayant Gonsalves, CC BY 4.0 / obs. 155411081
Parahemionitis arifolia, photographed by Pranav Chandra Bose
fig. g Pranav Chandra Bose, CC BY 4.0 / obs. 150082455
Parahemionitis arifolia, photographed by Chayant Gonsalves
fig. h Chayant Gonsalves, CC BY 4.0 / obs. 171057927

Every figure is a research-grade observation under CC0, CC BY or CC BY-SA, rehosted with the photographer’s name, the licence and the observation it came from. Photographs under a NonCommercial licence are excluded from this site and are never stored, which costs us a great many pictures and is not negotiable.

Where it actually grows measured, from 259 observations

Condition 5th percentile Median 95th percentile
Coldest month, mean daily low 8.8 °C 14.5 °C 22.2 °C
Warmest month, mean daily high 24.7 °C 30.4 °C 35.0 °C
Annual rainfall 855 mm 2,325 mm 3,640 mm
Rainfall in the driest quarter 20 mm 95 mm 264 mm

It is barely found anywhere that freezes. This is not care advice and it is not a forecast. It is a measurement: we sampled the climate at every one of the 259 research-grade observations of Parahemionitis arifolia that carry a coordinate, and this is the range those places actually span. The 5th and 95th percentiles are used rather than the minimum and maximum, because a single cultivated specimen in a heated conservatory should not widen a tropical plant's range to the Arctic.

This is not a hardiness zone. A USDA zone is the average annual extreme minimum temperature. The figure above is the mean daily minimum of the coldest month, which is a different quantity and is typically far warmer. Reading one as the other would place a plant several zones too warm, so we do not publish a hardiness zone, because we do not have one.

Also published as 13 synonyms

A synonym is not an error. It is a record of botanists disagreeing, in print, about where this plant belongs. Each of these was somebody’s considered answer.

  • Acrostichum ramentaceum Roxb.
  • Gymnogramma sagittata (Fée) Ettingsh.
  • Hemionitis cordata Roxb. ex Hook. & Grev.
  • Hemionitis cordifolia Wall. ex Roxb.
  • Hemionitis cordifolia Roxb. ex Bedd.
  • Hemionitis cumingiana Fée
  • Hemionitis hastata R.Br. ex Wall.
  • Hemionitis intermedia Fée
  • Hemionitis sagittata Fée
  • Hemionitis toxotis Trevis.
  • Hemionitis trinervis Buch.-Ham. ex Dillwyn
  • Mickelopteris cordata (Hook. & Grev.) Fraser-Jenk.
  • Parahemionitis cordata (Roxb. ex Hook. & Grev.) Fraser-Jenk.

Sourcesevery claim on this page

  1. World Flora Online Plant List. accepted name, authority, classification. CC0. Retrieved 2026-07-12.
  2. iNaturalist. photographs and flowering annotations, CC0 / CC BY / CC BY-SA only. per photograph. Retrieved 2026-06-27.

We publish what we can source and we say so when we cannot. This page has no care advice and no toxicity claim, because we do not yet have those from a source we can cite. It has no native range either: Kew's checklist does not cover this taxon.