{
  "$schema": "https://botanai.app/schema/species-v1.json",
  "schema_version": 1,
  "url": "https://botanai.app/plants/myrcia-splendens/",
  "last_modified": "2025-12-15",
  "id": {
    "slug": "myrcia-splendens",
    "wfo": "wfo-0000247907",
    "inat_taxon_id": 285739
  },
  "name": {
    "scientific": "Myrcia splendens",
    "authorship": "(Sw.) DC.",
    "genus": "Myrcia",
    "epithet": "splendens",
    "family": "Myrtaceae",
    "rank": "species",
    "taxonomic_status": "accepted",
    "accepted_according_to": "World Flora Online Plant List, 2026-06",
    "is_homonym": false,
    "published_in": "Prodr.  3: 244 (1828)",
    "protologue_url": "https://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:599170-1",
    "common": {
      "preferred": "punchberry",
      "english": [
        "punchberry"
      ],
      "source": "wikidata"
    },
    "synonyms": [
      {
        "name": "Aulomyrcia costata",
        "authorship": "O.Berg"
      },
      {
        "name": "Aulomyrcia wullschlaegeliana",
        "authorship": "O.Berg"
      },
      {
        "name": "Cumetea divaricata",
        "authorship": "(Lam.) Raf."
      },
      {
        "name": "Eugenia divaricata",
        "authorship": "Lam."
      },
      {
        "name": "Eugenia fallax",
        "authorship": "Rich."
      },
      {
        "name": "Eugenia laxiflora",
        "authorship": "Poir."
      },
      {
        "name": "Eugenia mikaniana",
        "authorship": "DC."
      },
      {
        "name": "Eugenia mollis",
        "authorship": "Willd. ex O.Berg"
      },
      {
        "name": "Eugenia paniculaeflora",
        "authorship": "Steud."
      },
      {
        "name": "Eugenia periplocifolia",
        "authorship": "Jacq."
      },
      {
        "name": "Myrcia acuminata",
        "authorship": "(Kunth) DC."
      },
      {
        "name": "Myrcia acuminata var. bullata",
        "authorship": "O.Berg"
      },
      {
        "name": "Myrcia acuminata var. genuina",
        "authorship": "O.Berg"
      },
      {
        "name": "Myrcia acuminata var. meridensis",
        "authorship": "O.Berg"
      },
      {
        "name": "Myrcia acuminata var. peruviana",
        "authorship": "O.Berg"
      },
      {
        "name": "Myrcia acuminata var. tovarensis",
        "authorship": "O.Berg"
      },
      {
        "name": "Myrcia acutata",
        "authorship": "O.Berg"
      },
      {
        "name": "Myrcia acutiloba",
        "authorship": "O.Berg"
      },
      {
        "name": "Myrcia aguitensis",
        "authorship": "Gleason"
      },
      {
        "name": "Myrcia alagoensis",
        "authorship": "O.Berg"
      },
      {
        "name": "Myrcia alagoensis var. intermedia",
        "authorship": "O.Berg"
      },
      {
        "name": "Myrcia alagoensis var. oblongata",
        "authorship": "O.Berg"
      },
      {
        "name": "Myrcia alagoensis var. ovata",
        "authorship": "O.Berg"
      },
      {
        "name": "Myrcia atramentifera",
        "authorship": "Barb.Rodr."
      },
      {
        "name": "Myrcia augustana",
        "authorship": "Kiaersk."
      },
      {
        "name": "Myrcia ayresiana",
        "authorship": "O.Berg"
      },
      {
        "name": "Myrcia barrensis",
        "authorship": "O.Berg"
      },
      {
        "name": "Myrcia belizensis",
        "authorship": "Lundell"
      },
      {
        "name": "Myrcia berberis",
        "authorship": "S.Schauer"
      },
      {
        "name": "Myrcia berberis",
        "authorship": "DC."
      },
      {
        "name": "Myrcia berberis var. angustifolia",
        "authorship": "O.Berg"
      },
      {
        "name": "Myrcia berberis var. latifolia",
        "authorship": "O.Berg"
      },
      {
        "name": "Myrcia brachylopadia",
        "authorship": "Diels"
      },
      {
        "name": "Myrcia bracteolaris",
        "authorship": "(Poir.) DC."
      },
      {
        "name": "Myrcia brandami",
        "authorship": "O.Berg"
      },
      {
        "name": "Myrcia catharinae",
        "authorship": "O.Berg"
      },
      {
        "name": "Myrcia chilensis",
        "authorship": "O.Berg"
      },
      {
        "name": "Myrcia ciarensis",
        "authorship": "O.Berg"
      },
      {
        "name": "Myrcia communis",
        "authorship": "O.Berg"
      },
      {
        "name": "Myrcia communis var. glabrata",
        "authorship": "O.Berg"
      },
      {
        "name": "Myrcia communis var. latifolia",
        "authorship": "O.Berg"
      },
      {
        "name": "Myrcia complicata",
        "authorship": "(Kunth) DC."
      },
      {
        "name": "Myrcia compressa",
        "authorship": "Gleason"
      },
      {
        "name": "Myrcia corcovadensis",
        "authorship": "O.Berg"
      },
      {
        "name": "Myrcia coroicensis",
        "authorship": "Rusby"
      },
      {
        "name": "Myrcia costaricensis",
        "authorship": "O.Berg"
      },
      {
        "name": "Myrcia costata",
        "authorship": "DC."
      },
      {
        "name": "Myrcia costata var. bahiensis",
        "authorship": "O.Berg"
      },
      {
        "name": "Myrcia costata var. minensis",
        "authorship": "O.Berg"
      },
      {
        "name": "Myrcia coumetoides",
        "authorship": "O.Berg"
      },
      {
        "name": "Myrcia cucullata",
        "authorship": "O.Berg"
      },
      {
        "name": "Myrcia dictyoneura",
        "authorship": "Diels"
      },
      {
        "name": "Myrcia discolor",
        "authorship": "O.Berg"
      },
      {
        "name": "Myrcia divaricata",
        "authorship": "(Lam.) DC."
      },
      {
        "name": "Myrcia elongata",
        "authorship": "O.Berg"
      },
      {
        "name": "Myrcia elongata var. brunnea",
        "authorship": "O.Berg"
      },
      {
        "name": "Myrcia elongata var. grandifolia",
        "authorship": "O.Berg"
      },
      {
        "name": "Myrcia elongata var. ochracea",
        "authorship": "O.Berg"
      },
      {
        "name": "Myrcia erythroxylon",
        "authorship": "O.Berg"
      },
      {
        "name": "Myrcia erythroxylon var. caerulescens",
        "authorship": "O.Berg"
      },
      {
        "name": "Myrcia fallax",
        "authorship": "(Rich.) DC."
      },
      {
        "name": "Myrcia formosiana",
        "authorship": "DC."
      },
      {
        "name": "Myrcia friburgensis",
        "authorship": "O.Berg"
      },
      {
        "name": "Myrcia gardneriana",
        "authorship": "O.Berg"
      },
      {
        "name": "Myrcia gatunensis",
        "authorship": "Standl."
      },
      {
        "name": "Myrcia gracilis",
        "authorship": "O.Berg"
      },
      {
        "name": "Myrcia gracilis var. opaca",
        "authorship": "O.Berg"
      },
      {
        "name": "Myrcia gracilis var. prasina",
        "authorship": "O.Berg"
      },
      {
        "name": "Myrcia gracilis var. sessiliflora",
        "authorship": "O.Berg"
      },
      {
        "name": "Myrcia guajavifolia",
        "authorship": "O.Berg"
      },
      {
        "name": "Myrcia guajavifolia f. grandifolia",
        "authorship": "Kiaersk."
      },
      {
        "name": "Myrcia guajavifolia var. bullata",
        "authorship": "O.Berg"
      },
      {
        "name": "Myrcia guajavifolia var. impunctata",
        "authorship": "O.Berg"
      },
      {
        "name": "Myrcia guajavifolia var. perforata",
        "authorship": "O.Berg"
      },
      {
        "name": "Myrcia hayneana",
        "authorship": "DC."
      },
      {
        "name": "Myrcia hayneana var. paraensis",
        "authorship": "O.Berg"
      },
      {
        "name": "Myrcia humboldtiana",
        "authorship": "DC."
      },
      {
        "name": "Myrcia humboldtiana var. caribaea",
        "authorship": "O.Berg"
      },
      {
        "name": "Myrcia humboldtiana var. orinocensis",
        "authorship": "O.Berg"
      },
      {
        "name": "Myrcia imperatoris-maximiliani",
        "authorship": "Wawra"
      },
      {
        "name": "Myrcia impressa",
        "authorship": "O.Berg"
      },
      {
        "name": "Myrcia kegeliana",
        "authorship": "O.Berg"
      },
      {
        "name": "Myrcia kegeliana var. angustifolia",
        "authorship": "O.Berg"
      },
      {
        "name": "Myrcia kegeliana var. latifolia",
        "authorship": "O.Berg"
      },
      {
        "name": "Myrcia kegeliana var. longifolia",
        "authorship": "O.Berg"
      },
      {
        "name": "Myrcia kegeliana var. pendula",
        "authorship": "O.Berg"
      },
      {
        "name": "Myrcia kegeliana var. vulgaris",
        "authorship": "O.Berg"
      },
      {
        "name": "Myrcia klotzschiana",
        "authorship": "O.Berg"
      },
      {
        "name": "Myrcia klotzschiana var. impellucida",
        "authorship": "O.Berg"
      },
      {
        "name": "Myrcia kunthiana",
        "authorship": "Steud."
      },
      {
        "name": "Myrcia laevigata",
        "authorship": "O.Berg"
      },
      {
        "name": "Myrcia laevigata var. brunnea",
        "authorship": "O.Berg"
      },
      {
        "name": "Myrcia laevigata var. canescens",
        "authorship": "O.Berg"
      },
      {
        "name": "Myrcia lamprosericea",
        "authorship": "Diels"
      },
      {
        "name": "Myrcia langsdorffii",
        "authorship": "O.Berg"
      },
      {
        "name": "Myrcia latifolia",
        "authorship": "O.Berg"
      },
      {
        "name": "Myrcia lindeniana",
        "authorship": "O.Berg"
      },
      {
        "name": "Myrcia linkiana",
        "authorship": "DC."
      },
      {
        "name": "Myrcia longicaudata",
        "authorship": "Lundell"
      },
      {
        "name": "Myrcia luetzelburgii",
        "authorship": "Burret ex Luetzelb."
      },
      {
        "name": "Myrcia macrophylla",
        "authorship": "DC."
      },
      {
        "name": "Myrcia magnoliifolia",
        "authorship": "DC."
      },
      {
        "name": "Myrcia magnoliifolia var. angustifolia",
        "authorship": "O.Berg"
      },
      {
        "name": "Myrcia magnoliifolia var. latifolia",
        "authorship": "O.Berg"
      },
      {
        "name": "Myrcia magnoliifolia var. parvifolia",
        "authorship": "O.Berg"
      },
      {
        "name": "Myrcia martiana",
        "authorship": "O.Berg"
      },
      {
        "name": "Myrcia martinicensis",
        "authorship": "Krug & Urb."
      },
      {
        "name": "Myrcia melanoclada",
        "authorship": "O.Berg"
      },
      {
        "name": "Myrcia melanosticta",
        "authorship": "Kiaersk."
      },
      {
        "name": "Myrcia micrantha",
        "authorship": "O.Berg"
      },
      {
        "name": "Myrcia mikaniana",
        "authorship": "(DC.) O.Berg"
      },
      {
        "name": "Myrcia mikaniana var. angustifolia",
        "authorship": "O.Berg"
      },
      {
        "name": "Myrcia mikaniana var. latifolia",
        "authorship": "O.Berg"
      },
      {
        "name": "Myrcia negrensis",
        "authorship": "O.Berg"
      },
      {
        "name": "Myrcia nitens",
        "authorship": "O.Berg"
      },
      {
        "name": "Myrcia oerstediana",
        "authorship": "O.Berg"
      },
      {
        "name": "Myrcia oocarpa",
        "authorship": "Cambess."
      },
      {
        "name": "Myrcia opaca",
        "authorship": "O.Berg"
      },
      {
        "name": "Myrcia opaca var. angustifolia",
        "authorship": "O.Berg"
      },
      {
        "name": "Myrcia opaca var. latifolia",
        "authorship": "O.Berg"
      },
      {
        "name": "Myrcia oxyoentophylla",
        "authorship": "Kiaersk."
      },
      {
        "name": "Myrcia pellucida",
        "authorship": "O.Berg"
      },
      {
        "name": "Myrcia phaeoclada",
        "authorship": "O.Berg"
      },
      {
        "name": "Myrcia phaeoclada var. alagoensis",
        "authorship": "O.Berg"
      },
      {
        "name": "Myrcia phaeoclada var. guyanensis",
        "authorship": "O.Berg"
      },
      {
        "name": "Myrcia plicato-costata",
        "authorship": "O.Berg"
      },
      {
        "name": "Myrcia plicatocostata",
        "authorship": "O.Berg"
      },
      {
        "name": "Myrcia pohliana",
        "authorship": "O.Berg"
      },
      {
        "name": "Myrcia polyantha",
        "authorship": "(Kunth) DC."
      },
      {
        "name": "Myrcia pseudomini",
        "authorship": "DC."
      },
      {
        "name": "Myrcia reticulata",
        "authorship": "O.Berg"
      },
      {
        "name": "Myrcia riedeliana",
        "authorship": "O.Berg"
      },
      {
        "name": "Myrcia riparia",
        "authorship": "O.Berg"
      },
      {
        "name": "Myrcia rostrata",
        "authorship": "DC."
      },
      {
        "name": "Myrcia rostrata f. communis",
        "authorship": "(O.Berg) D.Legrand"
      },
      {
        "name": "Myrcia rostrata f. flexuosa",
        "authorship": "Soares-Silva"
      },
      {
        "name": "Myrcia rostrata f. gracilis",
        "authorship": "(O.Berg) D.Legrand"
      },
      {
        "name": "Myrcia rostrata f. pseudomini",
        "authorship": "(DC.) D.Legrand"
      },
      {
        "name": "Myrcia rostrata f. sericiflora",
        "authorship": "(O.Berg) D.Legrand"
      },
      {
        "name": "Myrcia rostrata var. brunea",
        "authorship": "Cambess."
      },
      {
        "name": "Myrcia rufidula",
        "authorship": "Schltdl."
      },
      {
        "name": "Myrcia rufula",
        "authorship": "Miq."
      },
      {
        "name": "Myrcia rufula var. martiana",
        "authorship": "(O.Berg) Kiaersk."
      },
      {
        "name": "Myrcia sartoriana",
        "authorship": "O.Berg"
      },
      {
        "name": "Myrcia saxicola",
        "authorship": "O.Berg"
      },
      {
        "name": "Myrcia saxicola var. grandifolia",
        "authorship": "O.Berg"
      },
      {
        "name": "Myrcia schippii",
        "authorship": "Lundell"
      },
      {
        "name": "Myrcia schuechiana",
        "authorship": "O.Berg"
      },
      {
        "name": "Myrcia sellowiana",
        "authorship": "O.Berg"
      },
      {
        "name": "Myrcia sellowiana var. bullata",
        "authorship": "O.Berg"
      },
      {
        "name": "Myrcia sellowiana var. costata",
        "authorship": "O.Berg"
      },
      {
        "name": "Myrcia sepiaria",
        "authorship": "DC."
      },
      {
        "name": "Myrcia sericea",
        "authorship": "O.Berg"
      },
      {
        "name": "Myrcia sericiflora",
        "authorship": "O.Berg"
      },
      {
        "name": "Myrcia sororia",
        "authorship": "DC."
      },
      {
        "name": "Myrcia splendens var. chrysocoma",
        "authorship": "McVaugh"
      },
      {
        "name": "Myrcia splendens var. genuina",
        "authorship": "O.Berg"
      },
      {
        "name": "Myrcia splendens var. guantanamana",
        "authorship": "Borhidi & O.Muñiz"
      },
      {
        "name": "Myrcia splendens var. micropora",
        "authorship": "O.Berg"
      },
      {
        "name": "Myrcia splendens var. obscura",
        "authorship": "O.Berg"
      },
      {
        "name": "Myrcia splendens var. robustior",
        "authorship": "Kuntze"
      },
      {
        "name": "Myrcia splendens var. splendens",
        "authorship": null
      },
      {
        "name": "Myrcia spruceana",
        "authorship": "O.Berg"
      },
      {
        "name": "Myrcia spruceana",
        "authorship": "Kiaersk."
      },
      {
        "name": "Myrcia superba",
        "authorship": "O.Berg"
      },
      {
        "name": "Myrcia tingens",
        "authorship": "O.Berg"
      },
      {
        "name": "Myrcia velutina",
        "authorship": "O.Berg"
      },
      {
        "name": "Myrcia velutina var. canescens",
        "authorship": "O.Berg"
      },
      {
        "name": "Myrcia velutina var. ochracea",
        "authorship": "O.Berg"
      },
      {
        "name": "Myrcia venezuelensis",
        "authorship": "O.Berg"
      },
      {
        "name": "Myrcia ypanemensis",
        "authorship": "O.Berg"
      },
      {
        "name": "Myrtus acuminata",
        "authorship": "Kunth"
      },
      {
        "name": "Myrtus bracteolaris",
        "authorship": "Poir."
      },
      {
        "name": "Myrtus complicata",
        "authorship": "Kunth"
      },
      {
        "name": "Myrtus polyantha",
        "authorship": "Kunth"
      },
      {
        "name": "Myrtus splendens",
        "authorship": "Sw."
      },
      {
        "name": "Myrtus stoupii",
        "authorship": "Spreng."
      }
    ],
    "wikipedia": null
  },
  "photographs": {
    "shown": 8,
    "usable_found": 11,
    "licences": [
      "CC0",
      "CC-BY"
    ],
    "noncommercial_excluded": true,
    "items": [
      {
        "photo_id": 187686400,
        "license": "CC0",
        "license_name": "CC0 1.0",
        "license_url": "https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/",
        "derivatives_restricted": false,
        "creator": "Alfredo F. Fuentes Claros",
        "creator_url": "https://www.inaturalist.org/people/alfredo_f_fuentes",
        "source_url": "https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/e6e8cac1-8476-4565-9b98-3dc69116d22b",
        "observed_on": "2022-04-08",
        "lat": -16.386,
        "lon": -67.504,
        "original": {
          "width": 1024,
          "height": 768
        },
        "widths": [
          400,
          800
        ],
        "urls": {
          "avif": {
            "400": "https://img.botanai.app/p/187686400/r1/400.avif",
            "800": "https://img.botanai.app/p/187686400/r1/800.avif"
          },
          "jpeg": {
            "400": "https://img.botanai.app/p/187686400/r1/400.jpg",
            "800": "https://img.botanai.app/p/187686400/r1/800.jpg"
          }
        },
        "attribution": "Alfredo F. Fuentes Claros, CC0 1.0, via iNaturalist"
      },
      {
        "photo_id": 172383031,
        "license": "CC-BY",
        "license_name": "CC BY 4.0",
        "license_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
        "derivatives_restricted": false,
        "creator": "Denis Zabin",
        "creator_url": "https://www.inaturalist.org/people/deniszabin",
        "source_url": "https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/5c57046d-835f-46d0-a8a4-b00fa58e17e2",
        "observed_on": "2021-12-11",
        "lat": -23.923,
        "lon": -45.358,
        "original": {
          "width": 1024,
          "height": 640
        },
        "widths": [
          400,
          800
        ],
        "urls": {
          "avif": {
            "400": "https://img.botanai.app/p/172383031/r1/400.avif",
            "800": "https://img.botanai.app/p/172383031/r1/800.avif"
          },
          "jpeg": {
            "400": "https://img.botanai.app/p/172383031/r1/400.jpg",
            "800": "https://img.botanai.app/p/172383031/r1/800.jpg"
          }
        },
        "attribution": "Denis Zabin, CC BY 4.0, via iNaturalist"
      },
      {
        "photo_id": 172383038,
        "license": "CC-BY",
        "license_name": "CC BY 4.0",
        "license_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
        "derivatives_restricted": false,
        "creator": "Denis Zabin",
        "creator_url": "https://www.inaturalist.org/people/deniszabin",
        "source_url": "https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/5c57046d-835f-46d0-a8a4-b00fa58e17e2",
        "observed_on": "2021-12-11",
        "lat": -23.923,
        "lon": -45.358,
        "original": {
          "width": 1024,
          "height": 576
        },
        "widths": [
          400,
          800
        ],
        "urls": {
          "avif": {
            "400": "https://img.botanai.app/p/172383038/r1/400.avif",
            "800": "https://img.botanai.app/p/172383038/r1/800.avif"
          },
          "jpeg": {
            "400": "https://img.botanai.app/p/172383038/r1/400.jpg",
            "800": "https://img.botanai.app/p/172383038/r1/800.jpg"
          }
        },
        "attribution": "Denis Zabin, CC BY 4.0, via iNaturalist"
      },
      {
        "photo_id": 172383042,
        "license": "CC-BY",
        "license_name": "CC BY 4.0",
        "license_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
        "derivatives_restricted": false,
        "creator": "Denis Zabin",
        "creator_url": "https://www.inaturalist.org/people/deniszabin",
        "source_url": "https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/5c57046d-835f-46d0-a8a4-b00fa58e17e2",
        "observed_on": "2021-12-11",
        "lat": -23.923,
        "lon": -45.358,
        "original": {
          "width": 1024,
          "height": 640
        },
        "widths": [
          400,
          800
        ],
        "urls": {
          "avif": {
            "400": "https://img.botanai.app/p/172383042/r1/400.avif",
            "800": "https://img.botanai.app/p/172383042/r1/800.avif"
          },
          "jpeg": {
            "400": "https://img.botanai.app/p/172383042/r1/400.jpg",
            "800": "https://img.botanai.app/p/172383042/r1/800.jpg"
          }
        },
        "attribution": "Denis Zabin, CC BY 4.0, via iNaturalist"
      },
      {
        "photo_id": 199689877,
        "license": "CC-BY",
        "license_name": "CC BY 4.0",
        "license_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
        "derivatives_restricted": false,
        "creator": "JG",
        "creator_url": "https://www.inaturalist.org/people/jotagengibre",
        "source_url": "https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/a005c51b-be04-4d19-89ed-56f76d2481f7",
        "observed_on": "2022-01-17",
        "lat": -28.409,
        "lon": -48.791,
        "original": {
          "width": 577,
          "height": 1024
        },
        "widths": [
          400
        ],
        "urls": {
          "avif": {
            "400": "https://img.botanai.app/p/199689877/r1/400.avif"
          },
          "jpeg": {
            "400": "https://img.botanai.app/p/199689877/r1/400.jpg"
          }
        },
        "attribution": "JG, CC BY 4.0, via iNaturalist"
      },
      {
        "photo_id": 199689909,
        "license": "CC-BY",
        "license_name": "CC BY 4.0",
        "license_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
        "derivatives_restricted": false,
        "creator": "JG",
        "creator_url": "https://www.inaturalist.org/people/jotagengibre",
        "source_url": "https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/a005c51b-be04-4d19-89ed-56f76d2481f7",
        "observed_on": "2022-01-17",
        "lat": -28.409,
        "lon": -48.791,
        "original": {
          "width": 577,
          "height": 1024
        },
        "widths": [
          400
        ],
        "urls": {
          "avif": {
            "400": "https://img.botanai.app/p/199689909/r1/400.avif"
          },
          "jpeg": {
            "400": "https://img.botanai.app/p/199689909/r1/400.jpg"
          }
        },
        "attribution": "JG, CC BY 4.0, via iNaturalist"
      },
      {
        "photo_id": 187301988,
        "license": "CC-BY",
        "license_name": "CC BY 4.0",
        "license_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
        "derivatives_restricted": false,
        "creator": "JG",
        "creator_url": "https://www.inaturalist.org/people/jotagengibre",
        "source_url": "https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/6fbea4da-9b4c-4a2b-b63a-3c04ea4ab0a2",
        "observed_on": "2022-01-04",
        "lat": -28.389,
        "lon": -48.784,
        "original": {
          "width": 577,
          "height": 1024
        },
        "widths": [
          400
        ],
        "urls": {
          "avif": {
            "400": "https://img.botanai.app/p/187301988/r1/400.avif"
          },
          "jpeg": {
            "400": "https://img.botanai.app/p/187301988/r1/400.jpg"
          }
        },
        "attribution": "JG, CC BY 4.0, via iNaturalist"
      },
      {
        "photo_id": 187301966,
        "license": "CC-BY",
        "license_name": "CC BY 4.0",
        "license_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
        "derivatives_restricted": false,
        "creator": "JG",
        "creator_url": "https://www.inaturalist.org/people/jotagengibre",
        "source_url": "https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/6fbea4da-9b4c-4a2b-b63a-3c04ea4ab0a2",
        "observed_on": "2022-01-04",
        "lat": -28.389,
        "lon": -48.784,
        "original": {
          "width": 576,
          "height": 1024
        },
        "widths": [
          400
        ],
        "urls": {
          "avif": {
            "400": "https://img.botanai.app/p/187301966/r1/400.avif"
          },
          "jpeg": {
            "400": "https://img.botanai.app/p/187301966/r1/400.jpg"
          }
        },
        "attribution": "JG, CC BY 4.0, via iNaturalist"
      }
    ]
  },
  "native_range": {
    "scheme": "TDWG World Geographical Scheme for Recording Plant Distributions, level 3",
    "source": "Kew, World Checklist of Vascular Plants (WCVP v16)",
    "license": "CC BY 3.0",
    "excludes": [
      "introduced",
      "extinct",
      "location_doubtful"
    ],
    "codes": [
      "MXG",
      "MXT",
      "MXS",
      "AGE",
      "BLZ",
      "BOL",
      "BZN",
      "BZE",
      "BZS",
      "BZL",
      "BZC",
      "CLM",
      "COS",
      "CUB",
      "DOM",
      "ECU",
      "FRG",
      "GUA",
      "GUY",
      "HAI",
      "HON",
      "JAM",
      "LEE",
      "NIC",
      "PAN",
      "PAR",
      "PER",
      "PUE",
      "SUR",
      "TRT",
      "VEN",
      "WIN"
    ],
    "regions": [
      {
        "code": "MXG",
        "name": "Mexico Gulf",
        "continent": "NORTHERN AMERICA",
        "region": "Mexico"
      },
      {
        "code": "MXT",
        "name": "Mexico Southeast",
        "continent": "NORTHERN AMERICA",
        "region": "Mexico"
      },
      {
        "code": "MXS",
        "name": "Mexico Southwest",
        "continent": "NORTHERN AMERICA",
        "region": "Mexico"
      },
      {
        "code": "AGE",
        "name": "Argentina Northeast",
        "continent": "SOUTHERN AMERICA",
        "region": "Southern South America"
      },
      {
        "code": "BLZ",
        "name": "Belize",
        "continent": "SOUTHERN AMERICA",
        "region": "Central America"
      },
      {
        "code": "BOL",
        "name": "Bolivia",
        "continent": "SOUTHERN AMERICA",
        "region": "Western South America"
      },
      {
        "code": "BZN",
        "name": "Brazil North",
        "continent": "SOUTHERN AMERICA",
        "region": "Brazil"
      },
      {
        "code": "BZE",
        "name": "Brazil Northeast",
        "continent": "SOUTHERN AMERICA",
        "region": "Brazil"
      },
      {
        "code": "BZS",
        "name": "Brazil South",
        "continent": "SOUTHERN AMERICA",
        "region": "Brazil"
      },
      {
        "code": "BZL",
        "name": "Brazil Southeast",
        "continent": "SOUTHERN AMERICA",
        "region": "Brazil"
      },
      {
        "code": "BZC",
        "name": "Brazil West-Central",
        "continent": "SOUTHERN AMERICA",
        "region": "Brazil"
      },
      {
        "code": "CLM",
        "name": "Colombia",
        "continent": "SOUTHERN AMERICA",
        "region": "Western South America"
      },
      {
        "code": "COS",
        "name": "Costa Rica",
        "continent": "SOUTHERN AMERICA",
        "region": "Central America"
      },
      {
        "code": "CUB",
        "name": "Cuba",
        "continent": "SOUTHERN AMERICA",
        "region": "Caribbean"
      },
      {
        "code": "DOM",
        "name": "Dominican Republic",
        "continent": "SOUTHERN AMERICA",
        "region": "Caribbean"
      },
      {
        "code": "ECU",
        "name": "Ecuador",
        "continent": "SOUTHERN AMERICA",
        "region": "Western South America"
      },
      {
        "code": "FRG",
        "name": "French Guiana",
        "continent": "SOUTHERN AMERICA",
        "region": "Northern South America"
      },
      {
        "code": "GUA",
        "name": "Guatemala",
        "continent": "SOUTHERN AMERICA",
        "region": "Central America"
      },
      {
        "code": "GUY",
        "name": "Guyana",
        "continent": "SOUTHERN AMERICA",
        "region": "Northern South America"
      },
      {
        "code": "HAI",
        "name": "Haiti",
        "continent": "SOUTHERN AMERICA",
        "region": "Caribbean"
      },
      {
        "code": "HON",
        "name": "Honduras",
        "continent": "SOUTHERN AMERICA",
        "region": "Central America"
      },
      {
        "code": "JAM",
        "name": "Jamaica",
        "continent": "SOUTHERN AMERICA",
        "region": "Caribbean"
      },
      {
        "code": "LEE",
        "name": "Leeward Is.",
        "continent": "SOUTHERN AMERICA",
        "region": "Caribbean"
      },
      {
        "code": "NIC",
        "name": "Nicaragua",
        "continent": "SOUTHERN AMERICA",
        "region": "Central America"
      },
      {
        "code": "PAN",
        "name": "Panamá",
        "continent": "SOUTHERN AMERICA",
        "region": "Central America"
      },
      {
        "code": "PAR",
        "name": "Paraguay",
        "continent": "SOUTHERN AMERICA",
        "region": "Southern South America"
      },
      {
        "code": "PER",
        "name": "Peru",
        "continent": "SOUTHERN AMERICA",
        "region": "Western South America"
      },
      {
        "code": "PUE",
        "name": "Puerto Rico",
        "continent": "SOUTHERN AMERICA",
        "region": "Caribbean"
      },
      {
        "code": "SUR",
        "name": "Suriname",
        "continent": "SOUTHERN AMERICA",
        "region": "Northern South America"
      },
      {
        "code": "TRT",
        "name": "Trinidad-Tobago",
        "continent": "SOUTHERN AMERICA",
        "region": "Caribbean"
      },
      {
        "code": "VEN",
        "name": "Venezuela",
        "continent": "SOUTHERN AMERICA",
        "region": "Northern South America"
      },
      {
        "code": "WIN",
        "name": "Windward Is.",
        "continent": "SOUTHERN AMERICA",
        "region": "Caribbean"
      }
    ]
  },
  "phenology": {
    "n": 12,
    "n_annotated": 39,
    "sufficient": false,
    "doi": null,
    "source": "GBIF SQL download of iNaturalist Research-grade Observations",
    "quality_grade": "research (guaranteed upstream by iNaturalist at export)",
    "fields": {
      "by_month": "observations found IN FLOWER, by month (Jan..Dec)",
      "annotated_by_month": "observations in which a human recorded the reproductive state at all, by month. This is the denominator, and it includes the records that said \"no flowers or fruits\".",
      "share": "by_month / annotated_by_month. null where too few plants were examined to state a proportion.",
      "ci": "95% Wilson score interval on share.",
      "peak_month": "the month with the highest SHARE, not the highest count."
    }
  },
  "traits": {
    "lifeform": "tree",
    "climate": "wet tropical"
  },
  "climate_envelope": {
    "mean_annual_temp_c": {
      "p5": 17.3,
      "median": 22.6,
      "p95": 26.5
    },
    "temp_seasonality": {
      "p5": 38.5,
      "median": 124.1,
      "p95": 314.5
    },
    "max_temp_warmest_month_c": {
      "p5": 23.8,
      "median": 27.9,
      "p95": 31
    },
    "min_temp_coldest_month_c": {
      "p5": 9.6,
      "median": 17.6,
      "p95": 23.7
    },
    "annual_precip_mm": {
      "p5": 1190.3,
      "median": 1826.5,
      "p95": 3156.3
    },
    "precip_seasonality": {
      "p5": 19.9,
      "median": 38.1,
      "p95": 90.8
    },
    "precip_driest_quarter_mm": {
      "p5": 29.8,
      "median": 266.7,
      "p95": 347.6
    },
    "n": 220,
    "units": {
      "mean_annual_temp_c": "degrees Celsius",
      "min_temp_coldest_month_c": "degrees Celsius (mean daily MINIMUM of the coldest month)",
      "max_temp_warmest_month_c": "degrees Celsius (mean daily MAXIMUM of the warmest month)",
      "annual_precip_mm": "millimetres per year",
      "precip_driest_quarter_mm": "millimetres in the driest quarter"
    },
    "source": "CHELSA V2.1 climatologies 1981-2010, 30 arcsec",
    "citation": "Karger, D.N. et al. (2017) Climatologies at high resolution for the earth's land surface areas. Scientific Data 4, 170122.",
    "occurrences": "iNaturalist Research-grade Observations",
    "occurrences_doi": null,
    "method": "Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 220 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.",
    "is_hardiness_zone": false,
    "hardiness_zone_note": "min_temp_coldest_month_c is NOT a USDA hardiness zone. A USDA zone is the average annual EXTREME minimum temperature; this is the mean daily minimum of the coldest month, which is typically about 16 C warmer. Do not present one as the other."
  },
  "identification": {
    "on_device_model": {
      "model": "Google AIY plants V1 (TFLite, 2,102 classes)",
      "identifies_this_species": false
    },
    "in_accuracy_benchmark": false,
    "benchmark_url": "https://botanai.app/accuracy/",
    "confused_with": []
  },
  "sources": [
    {
      "name": "World Flora Online Plant List",
      "note": "accepted name, authority, classification",
      "license": "CC0",
      "url": "https://www.worldfloraonline.org/",
      "retrieved": "2026-07-12"
    },
    {
      "name": "iNaturalist",
      "note": "photographs and flowering annotations, CC0 / CC BY / CC BY-SA only",
      "license": "per photograph",
      "url": "https://www.inaturalist.org/",
      "retrieved": "2026-06-27"
    },
    {
      "name": "Wikidata",
      "note": "common name (P1843), joined on the World Flora Online identifier (P7715)",
      "license": "CC0",
      "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/",
      "retrieved": "2026-07-13"
    },
    {
      "name": "Kew, World Checklist of Vascular Plants (WCVP v16)",
      "note": "native distribution by TDWG level-3 botanical country, and life form",
      "license": "CC BY 3.0",
      "url": "https://doi.org/10.15468/6h8ucr",
      "retrieved": "2026-06-04"
    }
  ],
  "gaps": [
    {
      "field": "care",
      "status": "not_published",
      "reason": "Not published anywhere on this site. Every care claim we could make cheaply would be an unsourced enum, which is what the previous version of this site did and why it was deleted."
    },
    {
      "field": "toxicity",
      "status": "not_published",
      "reason": "Not published. The widely copied list is a copyrighted compilation restricted to noncommercial use, and we will not scrape it. A sourced toxicity dataset is being built from primary literature and is not ready."
    },
    {
      "field": "botanical_review",
      "status": "not_sourced",
      "reason": "No page on this site has been reviewed by a named botanist. The determination label says so, on every page."
    },
    {
      "field": "hardiness_zone",
      "status": "not_published",
      "reason": "Not published for any species. A USDA hardiness zone is the average annual EXTREME minimum temperature, and we hold the mean daily minimum of the coldest month, which is a different quantity and typically about 16 C warmer. Presenting one as the other would place a plant several zones too warm, so we do not publish a zone at all."
    },
    {
      "field": "phenology",
      "status": "insufficient_evidence",
      "reason": "Only 12 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one."
    }
  ],
  "license": {
    "data": "CC BY 4.0",
    "attribution": "BotanAI, https://botanai.app/plants/myrcia-splendens/",
    "note": "This document is licensed CC BY 4.0. The PHOTOGRAPHS it links are licensed individually and separately: each carries its own license and license_url, and those terms govern. Underlying taxonomy is CC0 (World Flora Online); native range is CC BY 3.0 (Kew)."
  }
}