Misopates orontium(L.) Raf.

linearleaf snapdragon

WFO wfo-0000451121 Accepted WFO 2026-06 8 photographs CC BY / CC BY-SA

Plate 1 figs. a–h · 8 separate observations

Misopates orontium, photographed by Daniela Costa
fig. a Daniela Costa, CC BY 4.0 / 2022-05-16 / obs. 198174671
Misopates orontium, photographed by Josep Gesti
fig. b Josep Gesti, CC BY-SA 4.0 / obs. 186918386
Misopates orontium, photographed by Kevin Faccenda
fig. c Kevin Faccenda, CC BY 4.0 / obs. 176358666
Misopates orontium, photographed by Donald Davesne
fig. d Donald Davesne, CC BY 4.0 / obs. 174733812
Misopates orontium, photographed by Thomas Mesaglio
fig. e Thomas Mesaglio, CC BY 4.0 / obs. 166565593
Misopates orontium, photographed by Duarte Frade
fig. f Duarte Frade, CC BY 4.0 / obs. 141645405
Misopates orontium, photographed by Yves Bas
fig. g Yves Bas, CC BY 4.0 / obs. 159579020
Misopates orontium, photographed by Josep Gesti
fig. h Josep Gesti, CC BY-SA 4.0 / obs. 131019776

Every figure is a research-grade observation under CC0, CC BY or CC BY-SA, rehosted with the photographer’s name, the licence and the observation it came from. Photographs under a NonCommercial licence are excluded from this site and are never stored, which costs us a great many pictures and is not negotiable.

Native range 55 botanical countries

Regions where Misopates orontium is native: Algeria, Azores, Canary Is., Cape Verde, Chad, Djibouti, Egypt, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Kenya, Libya, Madeira, Morocco, Selvagens, Socotra, Somalia, Sudan-South Sudan, Tunisia, Uganda, Afghanistan, Cyprus, East Aegean Is., Iran, Lebanon-Syria, Oman, Palestine, Saudi Arabia, Sinai, Türkiye, Yemen, India, Nepal, Pakistan, Albania, Austria, Baleares, Belgium, Bulgaria, Corse, France, Greece, Hungary, Italy, Kriti, Krym, Netherlands, NW. Balkan Pen., Portugal, Romania, Sardegna, Sicilia, Spain, Switzerland, Türkiye-in-Europe, Ukraine AlgeriaChadDjiboutiEgyptEritreaEthiopiaKenyaLibyaMoroccoSelvagensSomaliaSudan-South SudanTunisiaUgandaAfghanistanCyprusEast Aegean Is.IranLebanon-SyriaOmanPalestineSaudi ArabiaSinaiTürkiyeYemenIndiaNepalPakistanAlbaniaAustriaBelgiumBulgariaCorseFranceGreeceHungaryItalyKritiKrymNetherlandsNW. Balkan Pen.PortugalRomaniaSiciliaSpainSwitzerlandTürkiye-in-EuropeUkraine AzoresCanary Is.Cape VerdeMadeiraBalearesSardegna
Native distribution of Misopates orontium, after Kew’s World Checklist of Vascular Plants. Introduced, extinct and doubtful records are excluded, so this is where the plant is from, not everywhere it now grows. Regions too small to draw at this scale are marked with a dot.
RegionTDWG codeContinent
Albania ALB EUROPE
Austria AUT
Baleares BAL
Belgium BGM
Bulgaria BUL
Corse COR
France FRA
Greece GRC
Hungary HUN
Italy ITA
Kriti KRI
Krym KRY
Netherlands NET
NW. Balkan Pen. YUG
Portugal POR
Romania ROM
Sardegna SAR
Sicilia SIC
Spain SPA
Switzerland SWI
Türkiye-in-Europe TUE
Ukraine UKR
Algeria ALG AFRICA
Azores AZO
Canary Is. CNY
Cape Verde CVI
Chad CHA
Djibouti DJI
Egypt EGY
Eritrea ERI
Ethiopia ETH
Kenya KEN
Libya LBY
Madeira MDR
Morocco MOR
Selvagens SEL
Socotra SOC
Somalia SOM
Sudan-South Sudan SUD
Tunisia TUN
Uganda UGA
Afghanistan AFG ASIA-TEMPERATE
Cyprus CYP
East Aegean Is. EAI
Iran IRN
Lebanon-Syria LBS
Oman OMA
Palestine PAL
Saudi Arabia SAU
Sinai SIN
Türkiye TUR
Yemen YEM
India IND ASIA-TROPICAL
Nepal NEP
Pakistan PAK

Not drawn on the map: Socotra. We hold no public-domain boundary for this region, so it is listed rather than guessed at.

Region boundaries approximated from Natural Earth (public domain) and mapped to TDWG World Geographical Scheme for Recording Plant Distributions (WGSRPD) level-3 botanical countries (Brummitt 2001). Indicative, not the official WGSRPD geometry.

Flowering 722 in flower of 755 examined

Peak flowering in Aug. Each bar is the share of Misopates orontium observations in which someone actually recorded the reproductive state and found the plant in flower, not the raw number of flowering records. That distinction matters: people observe plants far more in spring than in winter, so a bare count of flowering records partly measures when people go outside. Dividing by the number examined removes that. 722 of 755 examined observations were in flower, every one of them research grade. The whisker on each bar is a 95% Wilson interval. This is still a global aggregate and not a forecast for your garden: the same species flowers on different dates in different hemispheres. Where a species has fewer than 30 flowering records we do not draw this chart at all. Computed from 10.15468/dl.cgje2x.

Also published as 25 synonyms

A synonym is not an error. It is a record of botanists disagreeing, in print, about where this plant belongs. Each of these was somebody’s considered answer.

  • Agorrhinum orontium (L.) Fourr.
  • Antirrhinum arvense Bubani
  • Antirrhinum breviflorum Gilib.
  • Antirrhinum calycinum var. rubra Hoffmanns. & Link
  • Antirrhinum calycinum var. rubrum Hoffmanns. & Link
  • Antirrhinum craniolare Stokes
  • Antirrhinum elegans Ten.
  • Antirrhinum gibbosum Wall.
  • Antirrhinum humile Salisb.
  • Antirrhinum indicum Royle ex Ball
  • Antirrhinum multibracteatum Brot. ex Steud.
  • Antirrhinum orontium L.
  • Antirrhinum orontium f. elegans Bég.
  • Antirrhinum orontium var. abyssinicum Hochst. ex A.Rich.
  • Antirrhinum orontium var. brevifolium Post
  • Antirrhinum orontium var. burnatii Maire & Sennen
  • Antirrhinum orontium var. foliosum J.A.Schmidt
  • Antirrhinum orontium var. genuinum Rouy
  • Antirrhinum orontium var. indicum Royle ex Chav.
  • Antirrhinum orontium var. typicum Bég.
  • Antirrhinum purpureum Dulac
  • Antirrhinum variabile Link ex Steud.
  • Misopates pontiense Mateu
  • Orontium arvense Pers.

and 1 more.

Sourcesevery claim on this page

  1. World Flora Online Plant List. accepted name, authority, classification. CC0. Retrieved 2026-07-12.
  2. iNaturalist. photographs and flowering annotations, CC0 / CC BY / CC BY-SA only. per photograph. Retrieved 2026-06-27.
  3. Wikidata. common name (P1843), joined on the World Flora Online identifier (P7715). CC0. Retrieved 2026-07-13.
  4. Kew, World Checklist of Vascular Plants (WCVP v16). native distribution by TDWG level-3 botanical country, and life form. CC BY 3.0. Retrieved 2026-06-04.

We publish what we can source and we say so when we cannot. This page has no care advice and no toxicity claim, because we do not yet have those from a source we can cite.