Malus mandshurica(Maxim.) Kom. ex Skvortsov

Manchurian crab apple

WFO wfo-0001131697 Accepted WFO 2026-06 8 photographs CC BY

Plate 1 figs. a–h · 4 observations

This species has been photographed under an open licence only 4 times, so some figures below are different views of the same plant, taken on the same day, rather than different individuals. They are usually different parts of it: the leaf, the flower, the bark.

Malus mandshurica, photographed by Repina Tatyana
fig. a Repina Tatyana, CC BY 4.0 / 2022-05-17 / obs. 198969463
Malus mandshurica, photographed by Repina Tatyana
fig. b Repina Tatyana, CC BY 4.0 / obs. 39848212
Malus mandshurica, photographed by Repina Tatyana
fig. c Repina Tatyana, CC BY 4.0 / obs. 38472938
Malus mandshurica, photographed by Repina Tatyana
fig. d Repina Tatyana, CC BY 4.0 / obs. 39848125
Malus mandshurica, photographed by Георгий Виноградов (Georgy Vinogradov)
fig. e Георгий Виноградов (Georgy Vinogradov), CC BY 4.0 / obs. 111702936
Malus mandshurica, photographed by Repina Tatyana
fig. f Repina Tatyana, CC BY 4.0 / obs. 198969632
Malus mandshurica, photographed by Repina Tatyana
fig. g Repina Tatyana, CC BY 4.0 / obs. 198969614
Malus mandshurica, photographed by Георгий Виноградов (Georgy Vinogradov)
fig. h Георгий Виноградов (Georgy Vinogradov), CC BY 4.0 / obs. 111702941

Every figure is a research-grade observation under CC0, CC BY or CC BY-SA, rehosted with the photographer’s name, the licence and the observation it came from. Photographs under a NonCommercial licence are excluded from this site and are never stored, which costs us a great many pictures and is not negotiable.

The specimen a real sheet, in a real collection

Herbarium
Smithsonian, US National Herbarium
Accession
US 2424824
Filed as
Malus mandshurica (Maxim.) Kom. ex Skvortsov
Det. by
not recorded on this sheet
Collected
V. Vasilev, E. V. Volkova & L. Ivanina 1950-05-29
Origin
RU
The sheet
View the digitised specimen (CC0 1.0)

A real pressed plant, in a real collection, under the accession number above. Not an illustration of one. We link to the digitised sheet rather than rehosting it, because the holding institutions do not serve their images to third parties reliably and we are not going to show you a picture we cannot actually deliver. Where we hold no openly licensed sheet for a species this section is simply absent, and where a sheet never recorded who determined it, that field stays empty rather than being filled in. Roughly half of all sheets never recorded a determiner, which is ordinary.

Where it actually grows measured, from 145 observations

Condition 5th percentile Median 95th percentile
Coldest month, mean daily low -21.0 °C -13.8 °C -12.1 °C
Warmest month, mean daily high 21.3 °C 22.0 °C 24.6 °C
Annual rainfall 685 mm 810 mm 975 mm
Rainfall in the driest quarter 39 mm 47 mm 67 mm

It is found where winters are severely cold. This is not care advice and it is not a forecast. It is a measurement: we sampled the climate at every one of the 145 research-grade observations of Malus mandshurica that carry a coordinate, and this is the range those places actually span. The 5th and 95th percentiles are used rather than the minimum and maximum, because a single cultivated specimen in a heated conservatory should not widen a tropical plant's range to the Arctic.

This is not a hardiness zone. A USDA zone is the average annual extreme minimum temperature. The figure above is the mean daily minimum of the coldest month, which is a different quantity and is typically far warmer. Reading one as the other would place a plant several zones too warm, so we do not publish a hardiness zone, because we do not have one.

Also published as 18 synonyms

A synonym is not an error. It is a record of botanists disagreeing, in print, about where this plant belongs. Each of these was somebody’s considered answer.

  • Malus baccata subsp. mandshurica (Maxim.) Likhonos
  • Malus baccata subsp. sachalinensis (Kom. ex Juz.) Likhonos
  • Malus baccata subsp. zhukovskyi (Ponomar.) Likhonos
  • Malus baccata var. mandshurica (Maxim.) C.K.Schneid.
  • Malus mandshurica subsp. sachalinensis (Juz.) Ponomar.
  • Malus mandshurica subsp. sachalinensis (Kom. ex Juz.) Ponomar.
  • Malus mandshurica subsp. zhukovskyi Ponomar.
  • Malus mandshurica var. genuina Skvortsov
  • Malus mandshurica var. gordeievii Skvortsov
  • Malus mandshurica var. sachalinensis (Kom. ex Juz.) Ponomar.
  • Malus mandshurica var. zhukovskyi (Ponomar.) Ponomar.
  • Malus sachalinensis Kom. ex Juz.
  • Malus sachalinensis f. divaricata V.V.Byalt & Firsov
  • Pyrus baccata var. mandshurica Maxim.
  • Pyrus mandshurica (Maxim.) M.F.Fay & Christenh.
  • Pyrus sachalinensis (Kom. ex Juz.) M.F.Fay & Christenh.
  • Sinomalus mandshurica (Maxim.) Rushforth
  • Sinomalus sachalinensis (Kom. ex Juz.) Rushforth

Sourcesevery claim on this page

  1. World Flora Online Plant List. accepted name, authority, classification. CC0. Retrieved 2026-07-12.
  2. iNaturalist. photographs and flowering annotations, CC0 / CC BY / CC BY-SA only. per photograph. Retrieved 2026-06-27.
  3. Wikidata. common name (P1843), joined on the World Flora Online identifier (P7715). CC0. Retrieved 2026-07-13.

We publish what we can source and we say so when we cannot. This page has no care advice and no toxicity claim, because we do not yet have those from a source we can cite. It has no native range either: Kew's checklist does not cover this taxon.