Linaria aeruginea(Gouan) Cav.

roadside toadflax

WFO wfo-0000445844 Accepted WFO 2026-06 8 photographs CC0 / CC BY

Plate 1 figs. a–h · 4 observations

This species has been photographed under an open licence only 4 times, so some figures below are different views of the same plant, taken on the same day, rather than different individuals. They are usually different parts of it: the leaf, the flower, the bark.

Linaria aeruginea, photographed by Daniel Heras González
fig. a Daniel Heras González, CC BY 4.0 / 2015-05-15 / obs. 112246000

Every figure is a research-grade observation under CC0, CC BY or CC BY-SA, rehosted with the photographer’s name, the licence and the observation it came from. Photographs under a NonCommercial licence are excluded from this site and are never stored, which costs us a great many pictures and is not negotiable.

Native range 3 botanical countries

Regions where Linaria aeruginea is native: Baleares, Portugal, Spain PortugalSpain Baleares
Native distribution of Linaria aeruginea, after Kew’s World Checklist of Vascular Plants. Introduced, extinct and doubtful records are excluded, so this is where the plant is from, not everywhere it now grows. Regions too small to draw at this scale are marked with a dot.
RegionTDWG codeContinent
Baleares BAL EUROPE
Portugal POR
Spain SPA

Region boundaries approximated from Natural Earth (public domain) and mapped to TDWG World Geographical Scheme for Recording Plant Distributions (WGSRPD) level-3 botanical countries (Brummitt 2001). Indicative, not the official WGSRPD geometry.

Flowering 97 in flower of 97 examined

Proportion of examined Linaria aeruginea in flower, by month
Month In flower Examined Share 95% interval
Jan 1 1 too few examined
Feb 0 0 too few examined
Mar 4 4 too few examined
Apr 14 14 100% 78% to 100%
May 49 49 100% 93% to 100%
Jun 16 16 100% 81% to 100%
Jul 10 10 100% 72% to 100%
Aug 0 0 too few examined
Sep 0 0 too few examined
Oct 1 1 too few examined
Nov 1 1 too few examined
Dec 1 1 too few examined

Peak flowering in Apr. Each bar is the share of Linaria aeruginea observations in which someone actually recorded the reproductive state and found the plant in flower, not the raw number of flowering records. That distinction matters: people observe plants far more in spring than in winter, so a bare count of flowering records partly measures when people go outside. Dividing by the number examined removes that. 97 of 97 examined observations were in flower, every one of them research grade. The whisker on each bar is a 95% Wilson interval. 8 months have fewer than 5 examined observations, so no proportion is drawn for them. This is still a global aggregate and not a forecast for your garden: the same species flowers on different dates in different hemispheres. Where a species has fewer than 30 flowering records we do not draw this chart at all. Computed from 10.15468/dl.cgje2x.

Also published as 31 synonyms

A synonym is not an error. It is a record of botanists disagreeing, in print, about where this plant belongs. Each of these was somebody’s considered answer.

  • Antirrhinum aerugineum Gouan
  • Linaria aeruginea subsp. atrofusca (Rouy) M.Laínz
  • Linaria aeruginea subsp. nevadensis (Boiss.) Rivas Mart., A.Asensi, Molero Mesa & F.Valle
  • Linaria aeruginea var. atrofusca (Rouy) Samp.
  • Linaria aeruginea var. atropurpurea Graells ex Pau
  • Linaria aeruginea var. leucantha Lacaita
  • Linaria aeruginea var. nevadensis (Boiss.) Valdés
  • Linaria aeruginea var. pruinosa Sennen & Pau
  • Linaria atrofusca Rouy
  • Linaria aurata Coincy
  • Linaria caesia var. stenophylla Sennen & Pau
  • Linaria cardonica (Font Quer) Segarra & Mateu
  • Linaria melanantha Boiss. & Reut.
  • Linaria melanantha subsp. atrofusca (Rouy) Nyman
  • Linaria melanantha var. atrofusca (Rouy) Cout.
  • Linaria nevadensis (Boiss.) Boiss. & Reut.
  • Linaria supina f. pruinosa (Sennen & Pau) Knoche
  • Linaria supina subsp. aeruginea (Gouan) Malag.
  • Linaria supina subsp. aeruginea (Gouan) O.Bolòs & Vigo
  • Linaria supina subsp. melanantha (Boiss. & Reut.) Malag.
  • Linaria supina subsp. nevadensis (Boiss.) Malag.
  • Linaria supina subsp. nevadensis (Boiss.) Nyman
  • Linaria supina var. aeruginea (Gouan) O.Bolòs & Vigo
  • Linaria supina var. cardonica Font Quer

and 7 more.

Sourcesevery claim on this page

  1. World Flora Online Plant List. accepted name, authority, classification. CC0. Retrieved 2026-07-12.
  2. iNaturalist. photographs and flowering annotations, CC0 / CC BY / CC BY-SA only. per photograph. Retrieved 2026-06-27.
  3. Wikidata. common name (P1843), joined on the World Flora Online identifier (P7715). CC0. Retrieved 2026-07-13.
  4. Kew, World Checklist of Vascular Plants (WCVP v16). native distribution by TDWG level-3 botanical country, and life form. CC BY 3.0. Retrieved 2026-06-04.

We publish what we can source and we say so when we cannot. This page has no care advice and no toxicity claim, because we do not yet have those from a source we can cite.