Knoxia sumatrensis(Retz.) DC.

WFO wfo-0000221148 Accepted WFO 2026-06 8 photographs CC0 / CC BY

Plate 1 figs. a–h · 4 observations

This species has been photographed under an open licence only 4 times, so some figures below are different views of the same plant, taken on the same day, rather than different individuals. They are usually different parts of it: the leaf, the flower, the bark.

Knoxia sumatrensis, photographed by S.MORE
fig. a S.MORE, CC0 1.0 / 2020-10-14 / obs. 108327506
Knoxia sumatrensis, photographed by S.MORE
fig. b S.MORE, CC0 1.0 / obs. 56378304
Knoxia sumatrensis, photographed by Siddarth Machado
fig. c Siddarth Machado, CC BY 4.0 / obs. 60577951
Knoxia sumatrensis, photographed by Paulmathi Vinod
fig. d Paulmathi Vinod, CC BY 4.0 / obs. 205989655
Knoxia sumatrensis, photographed by S.MORE
fig. e S.MORE, CC0 1.0 / obs. 56378310
Knoxia sumatrensis, photographed by Siddarth Machado
fig. f Siddarth Machado, CC BY 4.0 / obs. 60577946
Knoxia sumatrensis, photographed by S.MORE
fig. g S.MORE, CC0 1.0 / obs. 56378300
Knoxia sumatrensis, photographed by Siddarth Machado
fig. h Siddarth Machado, CC BY 4.0 / obs. 60577957

Every figure is a research-grade observation under CC0, CC BY or CC BY-SA, rehosted with the photographer’s name, the licence and the observation it came from. Photographs under a NonCommercial licence are excluded from this site and are never stored, which costs us a great many pictures and is not negotiable.

Native range 25 botanical countries

Regions where Knoxia sumatrensis is native: China South-Central, China Southeast, Hainan, Nansei-shoto, Taiwan, Assam, Bangladesh, Borneo, Cambodia, East Himalaya, India, Jawa, Malaya, Myanmar, Nepal, New Guinea, Nicobar Is., Philippines, Sri Lanka, Sulawesi, Sumatera, Thailand, Vietnam, West Himalaya, Queensland China South-CentralChina SoutheastHainanTaiwanAssamBangladeshBorneoCambodiaEast HimalayaIndiaJawaMalayaMyanmarNepalNew GuineaPhilippinesSri LankaSulawesiSumateraThailandVietnamWest HimalayaQueensland Nansei-shotoNicobar Is.
Native distribution of Knoxia sumatrensis, after Kew’s World Checklist of Vascular Plants. Introduced, extinct and doubtful records are excluded, so this is where the plant is from, not everywhere it now grows. Regions too small to draw at this scale are marked with a dot.
RegionTDWG codeContinent
Assam ASS ASIA-TROPICAL
Bangladesh BAN
Borneo BOR
Cambodia CBD
East Himalaya EHM
India IND
Jawa JAW
Malaya MLY
Myanmar MYA
Nepal NEP
New Guinea NWG
Nicobar Is. NCB
Philippines PHI
Sri Lanka SRL
Sulawesi SUL
Sumatera SUM
Thailand THA
Vietnam VIE
West Himalaya WHM
China South-Central CHC ASIA-TEMPERATE
China Southeast CHS
Hainan CHH
Nansei-shoto NNS
Taiwan TAI
Queensland QLD AUSTRALASIA

Region boundaries approximated from Natural Earth (public domain) and mapped to TDWG World Geographical Scheme for Recording Plant Distributions (WGSRPD) level-3 botanical countries (Brummitt 2001). Indicative, not the official WGSRPD geometry.

Also published as 26 synonyms

A synonym is not an error. It is a record of botanists disagreeing, in print, about where this plant belongs. Each of these was somebody’s considered answer.

  • Cuncea trifida Buch.-Ham. ex D.Don
  • Dentillaria corymbosa (Willd.) Kuntze
  • Dentillaria heyneana (DC.) Kuntze
  • Dentillaria mollis (R.Br. ex Wight & Arn.) Kuntze
  • Ernodea nepalensis Spreng.
  • Knoxia corymbosa Willd.
  • Knoxia corymbosa var. parviflora F.Muell.
  • Knoxia exserta DC.
  • Knoxia heyneana DC.
  • Knoxia linearis Gamble
  • Knoxia mollis R.Br. ex Wight & Arn.
  • Knoxia mollis var. subcapitata Miq.
  • Knoxia stricta Gaertn.
  • Knoxia stricta Thwaites
  • Knoxia stricta var. parviflora (F.Muell.) Domin
  • Knoxia sumatrensis var. glaberrima R.Bhattacharjee & Deb
  • Knoxia sumatrensis var. linearis (Gamble) R.Bhattacharjee & Deb
  • Knoxia teres (Roxb.) DC.
  • Knoxia umbellata Banks ex Roxb.
  • Knoxia umbellata Banks ex Spreng.
  • Knoxia umbellifera Roxb. ex Wight & Arn.
  • Spermacoce corymbosa Roth
  • Spermacoce exserta Roxb.
  • Spermacoce sumatrensis Retz.

and 2 more.

Sourcesevery claim on this page

  1. World Flora Online Plant List. accepted name, authority, classification. CC0. Retrieved 2026-07-12.
  2. iNaturalist. photographs and flowering annotations, CC0 / CC BY / CC BY-SA only. per photograph. Retrieved 2026-06-27.
  3. Kew, World Checklist of Vascular Plants (WCVP v16). native distribution by TDWG level-3 botanical country, and life form. CC BY 3.0. Retrieved 2026-06-04.

We publish what we can source and we say so when we cannot. This page has no care advice and no toxicity claim, because we do not yet have those from a source we can cite.