Kigelia africana(Lam.) Benth.

sausage tree

WFO wfo-0000778884 Accepted WFO 2026-06 8 photographs CC BY / CC BY-SA

Plate 1 figs. a–h · 8 separate observations

Kigelia africana, photographed by Caroline Voget
fig. a Caroline Voget, CC BY 4.0 / 2022-05-14 / obs. 200466132

Every figure is a research-grade observation under CC0, CC BY or CC BY-SA, rehosted with the photographer’s name, the licence and the observation it came from. Photographs under a NonCommercial licence are excluded from this site and are never stored, which costs us a great many pictures and is not negotiable.

Native range 40 botanical countries

Regions where Kigelia africana is native: Angola, Benin, Botswana, Burkina, Burundi, Cameroon, Caprivi Strip, Central African Republic, Chad, Congo, DR Congo, Eritrea, Eswatini, Ethiopia, Gabon, Gambia, Ghana, Guinea, Gulf of Guinea Is., Ivory Coast, Kenya, KwaZulu-Natal, Liberia, Malawi, Mali, Mozambique, Namibia, Niger, Nigeria, Northern Provinces, Rwanda, Senegal, Sierra Leone, Somalia, Sudan-South Sudan, Tanzania, Togo, Uganda, Zambia, Zimbabwe AngolaBeninBotswanaBurkinaBurundiCameroonCaprivi StripCentral African RepublicChadCongoDR CongoEritreaEswatiniEthiopiaGabonGambiaGhanaGuineaGulf of Guinea Is.Ivory CoastKenyaKwaZulu-NatalLiberiaMalawiMaliMozambiqueNamibiaNigerNigeriaNorthern ProvincesRwandaSenegalSierra LeoneSomaliaSudan-South SudanTanzaniaTogoUgandaZambiaZimbabwe
Native distribution of Kigelia africana, after Kew’s World Checklist of Vascular Plants. Introduced, extinct and doubtful records are excluded, so this is where the plant is from, not everywhere it now grows.
RegionTDWG codeContinent
Angola ANG AFRICA
Benin BEN
Botswana BOT
Burkina BKN
Burundi BUR
Cameroon CMN
Caprivi Strip CPV
Central African Republic CAF
Chad CHA
Congo CON
DR Congo ZAI
Eritrea ERI
Eswatini SWZ
Ethiopia ETH
Gabon GAB
Gambia GAM
Ghana GHA
Guinea GUI
Gulf of Guinea Is. GGI
Ivory Coast IVO
Kenya KEN
KwaZulu-Natal NAT
Liberia LBR
Malawi MLW
Mali MLI
Mozambique MOZ
Namibia NAM
Niger NGR
Nigeria NGA
Northern Provinces TVL
Rwanda RWA
Senegal SEN
Sierra Leone SIE
Somalia SOM
Sudan-South Sudan SUD
Tanzania TAN
Togo TOG
Uganda UGA
Zambia ZAM
Zimbabwe ZIM

Region boundaries approximated from Natural Earth (public domain) and mapped to TDWG World Geographical Scheme for Recording Plant Distributions (WGSRPD) level-3 botanical countries (Brummitt 2001). Indicative, not the official WGSRPD geometry.

Flowering 189 in flower of 431 examined

Proportion of examined Kigelia africana in flower, by month
Month In flower Examined Share 95% interval
Jan 6 27 22% 11% to 41%
Feb 12 41 29% 18% to 44%
Mar 9 38 24% 13% to 39%
Apr 12 40 30% 18% to 45%
May 10 19 53% 32% to 73%
Jun 4 28 14% 6% to 31%
Jul 11 35 31% 19% to 48%
Aug 35 49 71% 58% to 82%
Sep 42 53 79% 67% to 88%
Oct 21 34 62% 45% to 76%
Nov 15 35 43% 28% to 59%
Dec 12 32 38% 23% to 55%

Peak flowering in Sep. Each bar is the share of Kigelia africana observations in which someone actually recorded the reproductive state and found the plant in flower, not the raw number of flowering records. That distinction matters: people observe plants far more in spring than in winter, so a bare count of flowering records partly measures when people go outside. Dividing by the number examined removes that. 189 of 431 examined observations were in flower, every one of them research grade. The whisker on each bar is a 95% Wilson interval. This is still a global aggregate and not a forecast for your garden: the same species flowers on different dates in different hemispheres. Where a species has fewer than 30 flowering records we do not draw this chart at all. Computed from 10.15468/dl.cgje2x.

Where it actually grows measured, from 1,977 observations

Condition 5th percentile Median 95th percentile
Coldest month, mean daily low 8.4 °C 14.2 °C 22.2 °C
Warmest month, mean daily high 26.2 °C 31.1 °C 38.2 °C
Annual rainfall 471 mm 854 mm 2,216 mm
Rainfall in the driest quarter 1 mm 26 mm 247 mm

It is barely found anywhere that freezes. This is not care advice and it is not a forecast. It is a measurement: we sampled the climate at every one of the 1,977 research-grade observations of Kigelia africana that carry a coordinate, and this is the range those places actually span. The 5th and 95th percentiles are used rather than the minimum and maximum, because a single cultivated specimen in a heated conservatory should not widen a tropical plant's range to the Arctic.

This is not a hardiness zone. A USDA zone is the average annual extreme minimum temperature. The figure above is the mean daily minimum of the coldest month, which is a different quantity and is typically far warmer. Reading one as the other would place a plant several zones too warm, so we do not publish a hardiness zone, because we do not have one. Climate from CHELSA V2.1 (Karger et al. 2017); occurrences from 10.15468/dl.cgje2x.

Also published as 31 synonyms

A synonym is not an error. It is a record of botanists disagreeing, in print, about where this plant belongs. Each of these was somebody’s considered answer.

  • Bignonia africana Lam.
  • Crescentia pinnata Jacq.
  • Kigelia abyssinica A.Rich.
  • Kigelia acutifolia Engl. ex Sprague
  • Kigelia aethiopica Decne.
  • Kigelia aethiopica var. abyssinica (A.Rich.) Sprague
  • Kigelia aethiopica var. bornuensis Sprague
  • Kigelia aethiopica var. usambarica Sprague
  • Kigelia aethiopum (Fenzl) Dandy
  • Kigelia africana var. aethiopica (Sprague) Aubrév. ex Sillans
  • Kigelia africana var. eliptica (Sprague) Sillans
  • Kigelia angolensis Welw. ex Sprague
  • Kigelia elliotii Sprague
  • Kigelia elliptica Sprague
  • Kigelia erytraeae Mattei
  • Kigelia ikbaliae De Wild.
  • Kigelia impressa Sprague
  • Kigelia lanceolata Sprague
  • Kigelia moosa Sprague
  • Kigelia pinnata (Jacq.) DC.
  • Kigelia pinnata var. tomentella Sprague
  • Kigelia somalensis Mattei
  • Kigelia spragueana Wernham
  • Kigelia talbotii Hutch. & Dalziel

and 7 more.

Sourcesevery claim on this page

  1. World Flora Online Plant List. accepted name, authority, classification. CC0. Retrieved 2026-07-12.
  2. iNaturalist. photographs and flowering annotations, CC0 / CC BY / CC BY-SA only. per photograph. Retrieved 2026-06-27.
  3. Wikidata. common name (P1843), joined on the World Flora Online identifier (P7715). CC0. Retrieved 2026-07-13.
  4. Kew, World Checklist of Vascular Plants (WCVP v16). native distribution by TDWG level-3 botanical country, and life form. CC BY 3.0. Retrieved 2026-06-04.

We publish what we can source and we say so when we cannot. This page has no care advice and no toxicity claim, because we do not yet have those from a source we can cite.