Ichnanthus pallens(Sw.) Munro ex Benth.

caruzo

WFO wfo-0000875535 Accepted WFO 2026-06 8 photographs CC0 / CC BY

Plate 1 figs. a–h · 5 observations

This species has been photographed under an open licence only 5 times, so some figures below are different views of the same plant, taken on the same day, rather than different individuals. They are usually different parts of it: the leaf, the flower, the bark.

Ichnanthus pallens, photographed by Jacy Chen
fig. a Jacy Chen, CC BY 4.0 / 2021-08-27 / obs. 153873605

Every figure is a research-grade observation under CC0, CC BY or CC BY-SA, rehosted with the photographer’s name, the licence and the observation it came from. Photographs under a NonCommercial licence are excluded from this site and are never stored, which costs us a great many pictures and is not negotiable.

Native range 66 botanical countries

Regions where Ichnanthus pallens is native: Cameroon, Guinea, Gulf of Guinea Is., Liberia, Sierra Leone, China South-Central, China Southeast, Hainan, Nansei-shoto, Taiwan, Andaman Is., Assam, Bangladesh, Borneo, East Himalaya, India, Jawa, Laos, Malaya, Myanmar, Nepal, New Guinea, Philippines, Sri Lanka, Thailand, Vietnam, Queensland, Mexico Central, Mexico Gulf, Mexico Northeast, Mexico Southeast, Mexico Southwest, Argentina Northeast, Argentina Northwest, Belize, Bolivia, Brazil North, Brazil Northeast, Brazil South, Brazil Southeast, Brazil West-Central, Colombia, Costa Rica, Cuba, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, El Salvador, French Guiana, Guatemala, Guyana, Haiti, Honduras, Jamaica, Leeward Is., Netherlands Antilles, Nicaragua, Panamá, Paraguay, Peru, Puerto Rico, Suriname, Trinidad-Tobago, Uruguay, Venezuela, Venezuelan Antilles, Windward Is. CameroonGuineaGulf of Guinea Is.LiberiaSierra LeoneChina South-CentralChina SoutheastHainanTaiwanAssamBangladeshBorneoEast HimalayaIndiaJawaLaosMalayaMyanmarNepalNew GuineaPhilippinesSri LankaThailandVietnamQueenslandMexico CentralMexico GulfMexico NortheastMexico SoutheastMexico SouthwestArgentina NortheastArgentina NorthwestBelizeBoliviaBrazil NorthBrazil NortheastBrazil SouthBrazil SoutheastBrazil West-CentralColombiaCosta RicaCubaDominican RepublicEcuadorEl SalvadorFrench GuianaGuatemalaGuyanaHaitiHondurasJamaicaNicaraguaPanamáParaguayPeruPuerto RicoSurinameTrinidad-TobagoUruguayVenezuela Nansei-shotoAndaman Is.Leeward Is.Netherlands AntillesVenezuelan AntillesWindward Is.
Native distribution of Ichnanthus pallens, after Kew’s World Checklist of Vascular Plants. Introduced, extinct and doubtful records are excluded, so this is where the plant is from, not everywhere it now grows. Regions too small to draw at this scale are marked with a dot.
RegionTDWG codeContinent
Argentina Northeast AGE SOUTHERN AMERICA
Argentina Northwest AGW
Belize BLZ
Bolivia BOL
Brazil North BZN
Brazil Northeast BZE
Brazil South BZS
Brazil Southeast BZL
Brazil West-Central BZC
Colombia CLM
Costa Rica COS
Cuba CUB
Dominican Republic DOM
Ecuador ECU
El Salvador ELS
French Guiana FRG
Guatemala GUA
Guyana GUY
Haiti HAI
Honduras HON
Jamaica JAM
Leeward Is. LEE
Netherlands Antilles NLA
Nicaragua NIC
Panamá PAN
Paraguay PAR
Peru PER
Puerto Rico PUE
Suriname SUR
Trinidad-Tobago TRT
Uruguay URU
Venezuela VEN
Venezuelan Antilles VNA
Windward Is. WIN
Andaman Is. AND ASIA-TROPICAL
Assam ASS
Bangladesh BAN
Borneo BOR
East Himalaya EHM
India IND
Jawa JAW
Laos LAO
Malaya MLY
Myanmar MYA
Nepal NEP
New Guinea NWG
Philippines PHI
Sri Lanka SRL
Thailand THA
Vietnam VIE
Cameroon CMN AFRICA
Guinea GUI
Gulf of Guinea Is. GGI
Liberia LBR
Sierra Leone SIE
China South-Central CHC ASIA-TEMPERATE
China Southeast CHS
Hainan CHH
Nansei-shoto NNS
Taiwan TAI
Mexico Central MXC NORTHERN AMERICA
Mexico Gulf MXG
Mexico Northeast MXE
Mexico Southeast MXT
Mexico Southwest MXS
Queensland QLD AUSTRALASIA

Region boundaries approximated from Natural Earth (public domain) and mapped to TDWG World Geographical Scheme for Recording Plant Distributions (WGSRPD) level-3 botanical countries (Brummitt 2001). Indicative, not the official WGSRPD geometry.

Where it actually grows measured, from 217 observations

Condition 5th percentile Median 95th percentile
Coldest month, mean daily low 9.3 °C 14.3 °C 22.9 °C
Warmest month, mean daily high 25.6 °C 28.4 °C 30.9 °C
Annual rainfall 1,482 mm 2,906 mm 4,274 mm
Rainfall in the driest quarter 115 mm 293 mm 805 mm

It is barely found anywhere that freezes. This is not care advice and it is not a forecast. It is a measurement: we sampled the climate at every one of the 217 research-grade observations of Ichnanthus pallens that carry a coordinate, and this is the range those places actually span. The 5th and 95th percentiles are used rather than the minimum and maximum, because a single cultivated specimen in a heated conservatory should not widen a tropical plant's range to the Arctic.

This is not a hardiness zone. A USDA zone is the average annual extreme minimum temperature. The figure above is the mean daily minimum of the coldest month, which is a different quantity and is typically far warmer. Reading one as the other would place a plant several zones too warm, so we do not publish a hardiness zone, because we do not have one.

Also published as 43 synonyms

A synonym is not an error. It is a record of botanists disagreeing, in print, about where this plant belongs. Each of these was somebody’s considered answer.

  • Apluda zeygites Aubl.
  • Hildaea pallens (Sw.) C.Silva & R.P.Oliveira
  • Hildaea pallens var. major (Nees) C.Silva & R.P.Oliveira
  • Ichnanthus areolatus K.E.Rogers
  • Ichnanthus axillaris (Nees) Hitchc. & Chase
  • Ichnanthus bacularius Swallen
  • Ichnanthus bradei K.E.Rogers
  • Ichnanthus brevipaniculatus K.E.Rogers
  • Ichnanthus brevivaginatus Swallen
  • Ichnanthus candicans f. grandiflorus Nees ex Döll
  • Ichnanthus candicans var. glabratus Döll
  • Ichnanthus confertus K.E.Rogers
  • Ichnanthus glazioui K.E.Rogers
  • Ichnanthus hitchcockii K.E.Rogers
  • Ichnanthus latifolius K.E.Rogers
  • Ichnanthus nemorosus var. swartzii K.E.Rogers
  • Ichnanthus pallens f. monstrosus Donn.Sm.
  • Ichnanthus pallens f. monstrosus Beetle
  • Ichnanthus papillatus K.E.Rogers
  • Ichnanthus scaberrimus Swallen
  • Ichnanthus swallenii K.E.Rogers
  • Ichnanthus tipuaniensis K.E.Rogers
  • Ichnanthus tonkinensis K.E.Rogers
  • Ichnanthus vicinus (F.M.Bailey) Merr.

and 19 more.

Sourcesevery claim on this page

  1. World Flora Online Plant List. accepted name, authority, classification. CC0. Retrieved 2026-07-12.
  2. iNaturalist. photographs and flowering annotations, CC0 / CC BY / CC BY-SA only. per photograph. Retrieved 2026-06-27.
  3. Wikidata. common name (P1843), joined on the World Flora Online identifier (P7715). CC0. Retrieved 2026-07-13.
  4. Kew, World Checklist of Vascular Plants (WCVP v16). native distribution by TDWG level-3 botanical country, and life form. CC BY 3.0. Retrieved 2026-06-04.

We publish what we can source and we say so when we cannot. This page has no care advice and no toxicity claim, because we do not yet have those from a source we can cite.