Plate 1 figs. a–h · 4 observations
This species has been photographed under an open licence only 4 times, so some figures below are different views of the same plant, taken on the same day, rather than different individuals. They are usually different parts of it: the leaf, the flower, the bark.
Every figure is a research-grade observation under CC0, CC BY or CC BY-SA, rehosted with the photographer’s name, the licence and the observation it came from. Photographs under a NonCommercial licence are excluded from this site and are never stored, which costs us a great many pictures and is not negotiable.
Native range 19 botanical countries
| Region | TDWG code | Continent |
|---|---|---|
| Bolivia | BOL | SOUTHERN AMERICA |
| Brazil North | BZN | |
| Brazil Southeast | BZL | |
| Colombia | CLM | |
| Costa Rica | COS | |
| Ecuador | ECU | |
| French Guiana | FRG | |
| Guatemala | GUA | |
| Honduras | HON | |
| Nicaragua | NIC | |
| Panamá | PAN | |
| Peru | PER | |
| Venezuela | VEN | |
| Mexico Central | MXC | NORTHERN AMERICA |
| Mexico Gulf | MXG | |
| Mexico Northeast | MXE | |
| Mexico Northwest | MXN | |
| Mexico Southeast | MXT | |
| Mexico Southwest | MXS |
Region boundaries approximated from Natural Earth (public domain) and mapped to TDWG World Geographical Scheme for Recording Plant Distributions (WGSRPD) level-3 botanical countries (Brummitt 2001). Indicative, not the official WGSRPD geometry.
Where it actually grows measured, from 50 observations
| Condition | 5th percentile | Median | 95th percentile |
|---|---|---|---|
| Coldest month, mean daily low | 3.5 °C | 8.5 °C | 16.4 °C |
| Warmest month, mean daily high | 19.7 °C | 22.7 °C | 26.9 °C |
| Annual rainfall | 840 mm | 1,698 mm | 2,673 mm |
| Rainfall in the driest quarter | 21 mm | 132 mm | 385 mm |
It is found where winters are cool but frost is light or absent. This is not care advice and it is not a forecast. It is a measurement: we sampled the climate at every one of the 50 research-grade observations of Heliopsis buphthalmoides that carry a coordinate, and this is the range those places actually span. The 5th and 95th percentiles are used rather than the minimum and maximum, because a single cultivated specimen in a heated conservatory should not widen a tropical plant's range to the Arctic.
This is not a hardiness zone. A USDA zone is the average annual extreme minimum temperature. The figure above is the mean daily minimum of the coldest month, which is a different quantity and is typically far warmer. Reading one as the other would place a plant several zones too warm, so we do not publish a hardiness zone, because we do not have one.
Also published as 23 synonyms
A synonym is not an error. It is a record of botanists disagreeing, in print, about where this plant belongs. Each of these was somebody’s considered answer.
- Acmella buphthalmoides (Jacq.) Rich.
- Acmella buphthalmoides Pers.
- Acmella mutisii (Kunth) Cass.
- Acmella occidentalis (Willd.) Willd. ex Rich.
- Acmella oppositifolia (Lam.) R.K.Jansen
- Andrieuxia mexicana DC.
- Anthemis buphthalmoides Jacq.
- Anthemis occidentalis Willd.
- Anthemis oppositifolia Lam.
- Anthemis ovatifolia Ortega
- Anthemis trinervia Sessé & Moc.
- Heliopsis canescens Kunth
- Heliopsis dubia Dunal
- Heliopsis oppositifolia (Lam.) S.Díaz
- Heliopsis pulchra T.R.Fisher
- Kallias ovata Cass.
- Spilanthes mutisii Kunth
- Spilanthes oppositifolia (Lam.) D'Arcy
- Spilanthes oppositifolia var. oppositifolia
- Spilanthes sartorii Sch.Bip. ex Klatt
- Stemmodontia elongata Rusby
- Verbesina ovata Hort.Par. ex Poir.
- Wedelia annua Gilli
Sourcesevery claim on this page
- World Flora Online Plant List. accepted name, authority, classification. CC0. Retrieved 2026-07-12.
- iNaturalist. photographs and flowering annotations, CC0 / CC BY / CC BY-SA only. per photograph. Retrieved 2026-06-27.
- USDA PLANTS Database. common name, checklist symbol ACOP. public domain. Retrieved 2026-07-13.
- Kew, World Checklist of Vascular Plants (WCVP v16). native distribution by TDWG level-3 botanical country, and life form. CC BY 3.0. Retrieved 2026-06-04.
We publish what we can source and we say so when we cannot. This page has no care advice and no toxicity claim, because we do not yet have those from a source we can cite.