{
  "$schema": "https://botanai.app/schema/species-v1.json",
  "schema_version": 1,
  "url": "https://botanai.app/plants/gentianella-amarella-l-harry-sm/",
  "last_modified": "2024-06-04",
  "id": {
    "slug": "gentianella-amarella-l-harry-sm",
    "wfo": "wfo-0000699019",
    "inat_taxon_id": 60388
  },
  "name": {
    "scientific": "Gentianella amarella",
    "authorship": "(L.) Harry Sm.",
    "genus": "Gentianella",
    "epithet": "amarella",
    "family": "Gentianaceae",
    "rank": "species",
    "taxonomic_status": "accepted",
    "accepted_according_to": "World Flora Online Plant List, 2026-06",
    "is_homonym": true,
    "published_in": "in Hylander, Nomencl. u. Syst. Stud. Nord. Gefasspfl. (Uppsala Univ. Arsskr., No. 7) 259 (1945).",
    "protologue_url": "https://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:108639-2",
    "common": {
      "preferred": "Autumn Dwarf-Gentian",
      "english": [
        "Autumn Dwarf-Gentian",
        "annual gentian",
        "autumn dwarf gentian",
        "autumn dwarfgentian",
        "autumn gentian"
      ],
      "source": "wikidata"
    },
    "synonyms": [
      {
        "name": "Amarella acuta",
        "authorship": "(Michx.) Lunell"
      },
      {
        "name": "Amarella anisosepala",
        "authorship": "(Greene) Greene"
      },
      {
        "name": "Amarella californica",
        "authorship": "Greene"
      },
      {
        "name": "Amarella conferta",
        "authorship": "Greene"
      },
      {
        "name": "Amarella copelandii",
        "authorship": "(Greene) Greene"
      },
      {
        "name": "Amarella distegia",
        "authorship": "(Greene) Greene"
      },
      {
        "name": "Amarella gracilis",
        "authorship": "Raf."
      },
      {
        "name": "Amarella hartwegii",
        "authorship": "(Benth.) Arthur"
      },
      {
        "name": "Amarella lemberti",
        "authorship": "Greene"
      },
      {
        "name": "Amarella mexicana",
        "authorship": "(Griseb.) Arthur"
      },
      {
        "name": "Amarella plebeia var. holmii",
        "authorship": "Rydb."
      },
      {
        "name": "Amarella plebeja",
        "authorship": "(Cham.) Greene"
      },
      {
        "name": "Amarella quinquefida",
        "authorship": "Gilib."
      },
      {
        "name": "Amarella revoluta",
        "authorship": "Greene"
      },
      {
        "name": "Amarella strictiflora",
        "authorship": "(Rydb.) Greene"
      },
      {
        "name": "Amarella tenuis",
        "authorship": "(Griseb.) Greene"
      },
      {
        "name": "Amarella theiantha",
        "authorship": "Lunell"
      },
      {
        "name": "Amarella theiantha var. lactea",
        "authorship": "Lunell"
      },
      {
        "name": "Amarella theiantha var. livida",
        "authorship": "Lunell"
      },
      {
        "name": "Comastoma acutum",
        "authorship": "(Michx.) Y.Z.Zhao & Xin Zhang"
      },
      {
        "name": "Ericala acuta",
        "authorship": "G.Don"
      },
      {
        "name": "Ericala flava",
        "authorship": "G.Don"
      },
      {
        "name": "Ericoila acuta",
        "authorship": "(Michx.) G.Don"
      },
      {
        "name": "Ericoila flava",
        "authorship": "(J.Mayer ex Schult.) G.Don"
      },
      {
        "name": "Eyrythalia amarella",
        "authorship": "Borkh."
      },
      {
        "name": "Eyrythalia conferta",
        "authorship": "G.Don"
      },
      {
        "name": "Eyrythalia lancifolia",
        "authorship": "Bercht. & J.Presl"
      },
      {
        "name": "Eyrythalia pratensis",
        "authorship": "Bercht. & J.Presl"
      },
      {
        "name": "Eyrythalia pulchella",
        "authorship": "Gray"
      },
      {
        "name": "Eyrythalia pulchella var. multiplicata",
        "authorship": "Gray"
      },
      {
        "name": "Eyrythalia pulchella var. praecox",
        "authorship": "Gray"
      },
      {
        "name": "Eyrythalia pulchella var. quadrifida",
        "authorship": "Gray"
      },
      {
        "name": "Eyrythalia uliginosa",
        "authorship": "Bercht. & J.Presl"
      },
      {
        "name": "Gentiana acuta",
        "authorship": "Michx."
      },
      {
        "name": "Gentiana acuta f. albescens",
        "authorship": "Lepage"
      },
      {
        "name": "Gentiana acuta f. holmii",
        "authorship": "Wettst."
      },
      {
        "name": "Gentiana acuta subsp. plebeia",
        "authorship": "(Cham.) Wettst."
      },
      {
        "name": "Gentiana acuta var. nana",
        "authorship": "Engelm."
      },
      {
        "name": "Gentiana acuta var. plebeja",
        "authorship": "(Cham.) Vorosch."
      },
      {
        "name": "Gentiana acuta var. stricta",
        "authorship": "Griseb."
      },
      {
        "name": "Gentiana acuta var. strictiflora",
        "authorship": "Rydb."
      },
      {
        "name": "Gentiana aggregata",
        "authorship": "Bunge ex Griseb."
      },
      {
        "name": "Gentiana ajanensis",
        "authorship": "Murb."
      },
      {
        "name": "Gentiana amarella",
        "authorship": "L."
      },
      {
        "name": "Gentiana amarella f. leucantha",
        "authorship": "(Hayashi) Toyok."
      },
      {
        "name": "Gentiana amarella f. michauxiana",
        "authorship": "Fernald"
      },
      {
        "name": "Gentiana amarella f. multicaulis",
        "authorship": "Lange ex Beeby"
      },
      {
        "name": "Gentiana amarella prol. tetramera",
        "authorship": "Rouy"
      },
      {
        "name": "Gentiana amarella subsp. acuta",
        "authorship": "(Michx.) Hultén"
      },
      {
        "name": "Gentiana amarella subsp. acuta",
        "authorship": "(Michx.) A.E.Murray"
      },
      {
        "name": "Gentiana amarella subsp. lingulata",
        "authorship": "(C.Agardh) Hartm."
      },
      {
        "name": "Gentiana amarella subsp. mexicana",
        "authorship": "Gillet"
      },
      {
        "name": "Gentiana amarella subsp. uliginosa",
        "authorship": "(Willd.) Nyman"
      },
      {
        "name": "Gentiana amarella var. acuta",
        "authorship": "(Michx.) Hook.f."
      },
      {
        "name": "Gentiana amarella var. acuta",
        "authorship": "(Michx.) Herder"
      },
      {
        "name": "Gentiana amarella var. axillaris",
        "authorship": "(F.W.Schmidt) Griseb."
      },
      {
        "name": "Gentiana amarella var. axillaris",
        "authorship": "(Rchb.) Hartm."
      },
      {
        "name": "Gentiana amarella var. calycina",
        "authorship": "Druce"
      },
      {
        "name": "Gentiana amarella var. fastigiata",
        "authorship": "Y.Ling"
      },
      {
        "name": "Gentiana amarella var. lingulata",
        "authorship": "(C.Agardh) Zuev"
      },
      {
        "name": "Gentiana amarella var. lingulata",
        "authorship": "(C.Agardh) Hartm."
      },
      {
        "name": "Gentiana amarella var. plebeia",
        "authorship": "(Cham.) Hultén"
      },
      {
        "name": "Gentiana amarella var. praecox",
        "authorship": "F.Towns."
      },
      {
        "name": "Gentiana amarella var. pyramidalis",
        "authorship": "Griseb."
      },
      {
        "name": "Gentiana amarella var. quadrifida",
        "authorship": "Klett & Richt."
      },
      {
        "name": "Gentiana amarella var. stricta",
        "authorship": "(Griseb.) S.Watson"
      },
      {
        "name": "Gentiana amarella var. tenuis",
        "authorship": "(Griseb.) A.Gray"
      },
      {
        "name": "Gentiana amarella var. uliginosa",
        "authorship": "(Willd.) Griseb."
      },
      {
        "name": "Gentiana amarella var. uliginosa",
        "authorship": "(Willd.) Gaudin"
      },
      {
        "name": "Gentiana anglica",
        "authorship": "Pugsley"
      },
      {
        "name": "Gentiana anisosepala",
        "authorship": "Greene"
      },
      {
        "name": "Gentiana arbelaezii",
        "authorship": "Cuatrec."
      },
      {
        "name": "Gentiana autumnalis",
        "authorship": "Preyer & Zirk. ex Bab."
      },
      {
        "name": "Gentiana axillaris",
        "authorship": "Rchb."
      },
      {
        "name": "Gentiana axillaris var. livonica",
        "authorship": "Topa"
      },
      {
        "name": "Gentiana californica",
        "authorship": "Kusn."
      },
      {
        "name": "Gentiana campanulata",
        "authorship": "Reyn. ex Griseb."
      },
      {
        "name": "Gentiana campestris",
        "authorship": "Geners."
      },
      {
        "name": "Gentiana campestris var. laevicalyx",
        "authorship": "Rohlena"
      },
      {
        "name": "Gentiana citrina",
        "authorship": "Pollard"
      },
      {
        "name": "Gentiana conferta",
        "authorship": "Fisch. ex Sweet"
      },
      {
        "name": "Gentiana connectens",
        "authorship": "Pollard"
      },
      {
        "name": "Gentiana copelandii",
        "authorship": "Greene"
      },
      {
        "name": "Gentiana distegia",
        "authorship": "Greene"
      },
      {
        "name": "Gentiana eximia",
        "authorship": "Eastw."
      },
      {
        "name": "Gentiana flava",
        "authorship": "J.Mayer ex Schult."
      },
      {
        "name": "Gentiana flavescens",
        "authorship": "Schur"
      },
      {
        "name": "Gentiana germanica subsp. amarella",
        "authorship": "(L.) Bonnier & Layens"
      },
      {
        "name": "Gentiana gracilis",
        "authorship": "Cham. & Schltdl."
      },
      {
        "name": "Gentiana hartwegii",
        "authorship": "Benth."
      },
      {
        "name": "Gentiana hybrida",
        "authorship": "Raf."
      },
      {
        "name": "Gentiana labradorica",
        "authorship": "Wilkie"
      },
      {
        "name": "Gentiana laevicalyx",
        "authorship": "(Rohlena) Rohlena"
      },
      {
        "name": "Gentiana lancifolia",
        "authorship": "Rafn"
      },
      {
        "name": "Gentiana lingulata",
        "authorship": "C.Agardh"
      },
      {
        "name": "Gentiana lingulata var. praecox",
        "authorship": "(F.Towns.) Wettst."
      },
      {
        "name": "Gentiana livonica",
        "authorship": "Eschsch. ex Griseb."
      },
      {
        "name": "Gentiana mexicana",
        "authorship": "Griseb."
      },
      {
        "name": "Gentiana mexicana f. pringlei",
        "authorship": "Wettst."
      },
      {
        "name": "Gentiana nigrescens",
        "authorship": "Schur"
      },
      {
        "name": "Gentiana obtusifolia",
        "authorship": "Fr."
      },
      {
        "name": "Gentiana pallida",
        "authorship": "Sessé & Moc."
      },
      {
        "name": "Gentiana plebeia",
        "authorship": "Cham."
      },
      {
        "name": "Gentiana plebeia var. holmii",
        "authorship": "Wettst."
      },
      {
        "name": "Gentiana plebeja",
        "authorship": "Cham."
      },
      {
        "name": "Gentiana plebeja var. holmii",
        "authorship": "Wettst."
      },
      {
        "name": "Gentiana polyantha",
        "authorship": "A.Nelson"
      },
      {
        "name": "Gentiana praecox",
        "authorship": "(F.Towns.) Druce"
      },
      {
        "name": "Gentiana pratensis",
        "authorship": "Froel."
      },
      {
        "name": "Gentiana prostrata var. flava",
        "authorship": "(J.Mayer ex Schult.) Roth"
      },
      {
        "name": "Gentiana pulchella",
        "authorship": "Salisb."
      },
      {
        "name": "Gentiana purpurea",
        "authorship": "Walter"
      },
      {
        "name": "Gentiana pyramidalis",
        "authorship": "Willd. ex Griseb."
      },
      {
        "name": "Gentiana remota",
        "authorship": "Greene"
      },
      {
        "name": "Gentiana reussii",
        "authorship": "Tocl"
      },
      {
        "name": "Gentiana seminuda",
        "authorship": "Rusby"
      },
      {
        "name": "Gentiana septentrionalis",
        "authorship": "Druce"
      },
      {
        "name": "Gentiana stricta",
        "authorship": "Howell"
      },
      {
        "name": "Gentiana strictiflora",
        "authorship": "(Rydb.) A.Nelson"
      },
      {
        "name": "Gentiana sylvestris",
        "authorship": "Bray ex Griseb."
      },
      {
        "name": "Gentiana takedae",
        "authorship": "Kitag."
      },
      {
        "name": "Gentiana takedae f. leucantha",
        "authorship": "Hayashi"
      },
      {
        "name": "Gentiana tatei",
        "authorship": "Rusby"
      },
      {
        "name": "Gentiana tenuiflora",
        "authorship": "Jan ex Nyman"
      },
      {
        "name": "Gentiana tenuis",
        "authorship": "Griseb."
      },
      {
        "name": "Gentiana tetragona",
        "authorship": "J.Mayer"
      },
      {
        "name": "Gentiana tetramera",
        "authorship": "(Rouy) Rouy ex D.Prain"
      },
      {
        "name": "Gentiana uliginosa",
        "authorship": "Willd."
      },
      {
        "name": "Gentiana uliginosa var. nana",
        "authorship": "J.G.Laurell"
      },
      {
        "name": "Gentiana yezoalpina",
        "authorship": "Koidz."
      },
      {
        "name": "Gentiana yuparensis",
        "authorship": "Takeda"
      },
      {
        "name": "Gentiana yuparensis f. albiflora",
        "authorship": "Miyabe & Tatew."
      },
      {
        "name": "Gentianella acuta",
        "authorship": "(Michx.) Hiitonen"
      },
      {
        "name": "Gentianella acuta subsp. plebeia",
        "authorship": "(Cham.) Holub"
      },
      {
        "name": "Gentianella acuta subsp. plebeja",
        "authorship": "Holub"
      },
      {
        "name": "Gentianella amarella f. albescens",
        "authorship": "(Lepage) Cody"
      },
      {
        "name": "Gentianella amarella f. albiflora",
        "authorship": "(Miyabe & Tatew.) Toyok."
      },
      {
        "name": "Gentianella amarella f. leucantha",
        "authorship": "(Hayashi) Toyok."
      },
      {
        "name": "Gentianella amarella f. michauxiana",
        "authorship": "(Fernald) Scoggan"
      },
      {
        "name": "Gentianella amarella f. michauxii",
        "authorship": "Fernald"
      },
      {
        "name": "Gentianella amarella subsp. druceana",
        "authorship": "N.M.Pritch."
      },
      {
        "name": "Gentianella amarella subsp. euamarella",
        "authorship": "Á.Löve & D.Löve"
      },
      {
        "name": "Gentianella amarella subsp. lingulata",
        "authorship": "(C.Agardh) Holub"
      },
      {
        "name": "Gentianella amarella subsp. reussii",
        "authorship": "(Tocl) Holub"
      },
      {
        "name": "Gentianella amarella var. acuta",
        "authorship": "Herder"
      },
      {
        "name": "Gentianella amarella var. calycina",
        "authorship": "P.D.Sell"
      },
      {
        "name": "Gentianella amarella var. cornubiensis",
        "authorship": "(N.M.Pritch.) P.D.Sell"
      },
      {
        "name": "Gentianella amarella var. druceana",
        "authorship": "(N.M.Pritch.) P.D.Sell"
      },
      {
        "name": "Gentianella amarella var. fastigiata",
        "authorship": "Y.Ling"
      },
      {
        "name": "Gentianella amarella var. lingulata",
        "authorship": "(C.Agardh) Karlsson"
      },
      {
        "name": "Gentianella amarella var. praecox",
        "authorship": "(F.Towns.) P.D.Sell"
      },
      {
        "name": "Gentianella amarella var. uliginosa",
        "authorship": "(Willd.) P.D.Sell"
      },
      {
        "name": "Gentianella anglica",
        "authorship": "(Pugsley) E.F.Warb."
      },
      {
        "name": "Gentianella anglica subsp. cornubiensis",
        "authorship": "N.M.Pritch."
      },
      {
        "name": "Gentianella axillaris",
        "authorship": "(F.W.Schmidt) Á.Löve & D.Löve"
      },
      {
        "name": "Gentianella clementis",
        "authorship": "Rydb."
      },
      {
        "name": "Gentianella davidiana",
        "authorship": "T.C.G.Rich"
      },
      {
        "name": "Gentianella hartwegii",
        "authorship": "(Benth.) Holub"
      },
      {
        "name": "Gentianella hispanica",
        "authorship": "López Udias, Fabregat & Renob."
      },
      {
        "name": "Gentianella lingulata",
        "authorship": "(C.Agardh) N.M.Pritch."
      },
      {
        "name": "Gentianella livonica",
        "authorship": "(Eschsch. ex Griseb.) Soó ex Tsvelev"
      },
      {
        "name": "Gentianella mexicana",
        "authorship": "(Griseb.) Holub"
      },
      {
        "name": "Gentianella plebeja",
        "authorship": "(Cham.) Czerep."
      },
      {
        "name": "Gentianella septentrionalis",
        "authorship": "(Druce) E.F.Warb."
      },
      {
        "name": "Gentianella strictiflora",
        "authorship": "(Rydb.) W.A.Weber"
      },
      {
        "name": "Gentianella takedai",
        "authorship": "(Kitag.) Satake"
      },
      {
        "name": "Gentianella uliginosa",
        "authorship": "(Willd.) Börner"
      },
      {
        "name": "Gentianella yuparensis",
        "authorship": "(Takeda) Satake"
      },
      {
        "name": "Gentianusa amarella",
        "authorship": "(L.) Pohl"
      },
      {
        "name": "Gentianusa lancifolia",
        "authorship": "(Rafn) Pohl"
      },
      {
        "name": "Gonipia tenuiflora",
        "authorship": "Raf."
      },
      {
        "name": "Hippion axillare",
        "authorship": "F.W.Schmidt"
      },
      {
        "name": "Hippion gentianella",
        "authorship": "F.W.Schmidt"
      },
      {
        "name": "Hippion lancifolium",
        "authorship": "Pers."
      },
      {
        "name": "Leimanisa pratensis",
        "authorship": "Raf."
      },
      {
        "name": "Opsantha amarella",
        "authorship": "(L.) Delarbre"
      },
      {
        "name": "Pneumonanthe remota",
        "authorship": "(Greene) Greene"
      },
      {
        "name": "Pogoblephis missurica",
        "authorship": "Raf."
      }
    ],
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gentianella_amarella"
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            "400": "https://img.botanai.app/p/198911210/r1/400.jpg",
            "800": "https://img.botanai.app/p/198911210/r1/800.jpg"
          }
        },
        "attribution": "Daniel Greenwood, CC BY 4.0, via iNaturalist"
      },
      {
        "photo_id": 198911238,
        "license": "CC-BY",
        "license_name": "CC BY 4.0",
        "license_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
        "derivatives_restricted": false,
        "creator": "Daniel Greenwood",
        "creator_url": "https://www.inaturalist.org/people/djgwild",
        "source_url": "https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/acf85bf5-f8ee-4dd5-b51a-186347305459",
        "observed_on": "2022-05-05",
        "lat": 50.807,
        "lon": -0.049,
        "original": {
          "width": 1024,
          "height": 683
        },
        "widths": [
          400,
          800
        ],
        "urls": {
          "avif": {
            "400": "https://img.botanai.app/p/198911238/r1/400.avif",
            "800": "https://img.botanai.app/p/198911238/r1/800.avif"
          },
          "jpeg": {
            "400": "https://img.botanai.app/p/198911238/r1/400.jpg",
            "800": "https://img.botanai.app/p/198911238/r1/800.jpg"
          }
        },
        "attribution": "Daniel Greenwood, CC BY 4.0, via iNaturalist"
      }
    ]
  },
  "native_range": {
    "scheme": "TDWG World Geographical Scheme for Recording Plant Distributions, level 3",
    "source": "Kew, World Checklist of Vascular Plants (WCVP v16)",
    "license": "CC BY 3.0",
    "excludes": [
      "introduced",
      "extinct",
      "location_doubtful"
    ],
    "codes": [
      "SPA"
    ],
    "regions": [
      {
        "code": "SPA",
        "name": "Spain",
        "continent": "EUROPE",
        "region": "Southwestern Europe"
      }
    ]
  },
  "phenology": {
    "n": 239,
    "n_annotated": 270,
    "sufficient": true,
    "by_month": [
      0,
      0,
      0,
      0,
      0,
      14,
      62,
      133,
      19,
      6,
      5,
      0
    ],
    "annotated_by_month": [
      0,
      0,
      0,
      0,
      0,
      15,
      67,
      153,
      23,
      7,
      5,
      0
    ],
    "share": [
      null,
      null,
      null,
      null,
      null,
      0.9333,
      0.9254,
      0.8693,
      0.8261,
      0.8571,
      1,
      null
    ],
    "ci": [
      null,
      null,
      null,
      null,
      null,
      [
        0.7018,
        0.9881
      ],
      [
        0.8369,
        0.9677
      ],
      [
        0.8067,
        0.9138
      ],
      [
        0.6286,
        0.9302
      ],
      [
        0.4869,
        0.9743
      ],
      [
        0.5655,
        1
      ],
      null
    ],
    "peak_month": 11,
    "peak_basis": "share",
    "min_month_n": 5,
    "doi": "10.15468/dl.cgje2x",
    "source": "GBIF SQL download of iNaturalist Research-grade Observations",
    "quality_grade": "research (guaranteed upstream by iNaturalist at export)",
    "fields": {
      "by_month": "observations found IN FLOWER, by month (Jan..Dec)",
      "annotated_by_month": "observations in which a human recorded the reproductive state at all, by month. This is the denominator, and it includes the records that said \"no flowers or fruits\".",
      "share": "by_month / annotated_by_month. null where too few plants were examined to state a proportion.",
      "ci": "95% Wilson score interval on share.",
      "peak_month": "the month with the highest SHARE, not the highest count."
    }
  },
  "traits": {
    "lifeform": "annual or biennial",
    "climate": "temperate"
  },
  "climate_envelope": {
    "mean_annual_temp_c": {
      "p5": -3.4,
      "median": 1.5,
      "p95": 9.3
    },
    "temp_seasonality": {
      "p5": 431.5,
      "median": 844.8,
      "p95": 1221.3
    },
    "max_temp_warmest_month_c": {
      "p5": 15.1,
      "median": 20.2,
      "p95": 24.8
    },
    "min_temp_coldest_month_c": {
      "p5": -22.2,
      "median": -14.6,
      "p95": 1
    },
    "annual_precip_mm": {
      "p5": 392.4,
      "median": 756.6,
      "p95": 1525.3
    },
    "precip_seasonality": {
      "p5": 16.6,
      "median": 34.7,
      "p95": 76.5
    },
    "precip_driest_quarter_mm": {
      "p5": 39.6,
      "median": 109.9,
      "p95": 258.1
    },
    "n": 2016,
    "units": {
      "mean_annual_temp_c": "degrees Celsius",
      "min_temp_coldest_month_c": "degrees Celsius (mean daily MINIMUM of the coldest month)",
      "max_temp_warmest_month_c": "degrees Celsius (mean daily MAXIMUM of the warmest month)",
      "annual_precip_mm": "millimetres per year",
      "precip_driest_quarter_mm": "millimetres in the driest quarter"
    },
    "source": "CHELSA V2.1 climatologies 1981-2010, 30 arcsec",
    "citation": "Karger, D.N. et al. (2017) Climatologies at high resolution for the earth's land surface areas. Scientific Data 4, 170122.",
    "occurrences": "iNaturalist Research-grade Observations",
    "occurrences_doi": "10.15468/dl.cgje2x",
    "method": "Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 2016 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.",
    "is_hardiness_zone": false,
    "hardiness_zone_note": "min_temp_coldest_month_c is NOT a USDA hardiness zone. A USDA zone is the average annual EXTREME minimum temperature; this is the mean daily minimum of the coldest month, which is typically about 16 C warmer. Do not present one as the other."
  },
  "identification": {
    "on_device_model": {
      "model": "Google AIY plants V1 (TFLite, 2,102 classes)",
      "identifies_this_species": false
    },
    "in_accuracy_benchmark": false,
    "benchmark_url": "https://botanai.app/accuracy/",
    "confused_with": []
  },
  "sources": [
    {
      "name": "World Flora Online Plant List",
      "note": "accepted name, authority, classification",
      "license": "CC0",
      "url": "https://www.worldfloraonline.org/",
      "retrieved": "2026-07-12"
    },
    {
      "name": "iNaturalist",
      "note": "photographs and flowering annotations, CC0 / CC BY / CC BY-SA only",
      "license": "per photograph",
      "url": "https://www.inaturalist.org/",
      "retrieved": "2026-06-27"
    },
    {
      "name": "Wikidata",
      "note": "common name (P1843), joined on the World Flora Online identifier (P7715)",
      "license": "CC0",
      "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/",
      "retrieved": "2026-07-13"
    },
    {
      "name": "Kew, World Checklist of Vascular Plants (WCVP v16)",
      "note": "native distribution by TDWG level-3 botanical country, and life form",
      "license": "CC BY 3.0",
      "url": "https://doi.org/10.15468/6h8ucr",
      "retrieved": "2026-06-04"
    }
  ],
  "gaps": [
    {
      "field": "care",
      "status": "not_published",
      "reason": "Not published anywhere on this site. Every care claim we could make cheaply would be an unsourced enum, which is what the previous version of this site did and why it was deleted."
    },
    {
      "field": "toxicity",
      "status": "not_published",
      "reason": "Not published. The widely copied list is a copyrighted compilation restricted to noncommercial use, and we will not scrape it. A sourced toxicity dataset is being built from primary literature and is not ready."
    },
    {
      "field": "botanical_review",
      "status": "not_sourced",
      "reason": "No page on this site has been reviewed by a named botanist. The determination label says so, on every page."
    },
    {
      "field": "hardiness_zone",
      "status": "not_published",
      "reason": "Not published for any species. A USDA hardiness zone is the average annual EXTREME minimum temperature, and we hold the mean daily minimum of the coldest month, which is a different quantity and typically about 16 C warmer. Presenting one as the other would place a plant several zones too warm, so we do not publish a zone at all."
    }
  ],
  "license": {
    "data": "CC BY 4.0",
    "attribution": "BotanAI, https://botanai.app/plants/gentianella-amarella-l-harry-sm/",
    "note": "This document is licensed CC BY 4.0. The PHOTOGRAPHS it links are licensed individually and separately: each carries its own license and license_url, and those terms govern. Underlying taxonomy is CC0 (World Flora Online); native range is CC BY 3.0 (Kew)."
  }
}