Gardenia jasminoidesJ.Ellis

Cape jasmine

WFO wfo-0000970976 Accepted WFO 2026-06 8 photographs CC0 / CC BY

Plate 1 figs. a–h · 8 separate observations

Gardenia jasminoides, photographed by 胡正恆(Jackson Hu)
fig. a 胡正恆(Jackson Hu), CC BY 4.0 / 2022-06-04 / obs. 203191483

Every figure is a research-grade observation under CC0, CC BY or CC BY-SA, rehosted with the photographer’s name, the licence and the observation it came from. Photographs under a NonCommercial licence are excluded from this site and are never stored, which costs us a great many pictures and is not negotiable.

Native range 11 botanical countries

Regions where Gardenia jasminoides is native: China North-Central, China South-Central, China Southeast, Hainan, Japan, Taiwan, Cambodia, East Himalaya, Laos, Thailand, Vietnam China North-CentralChina South-CentralChina SoutheastHainanJapanTaiwanCambodiaEast HimalayaLaosThailandVietnam
Native distribution of Gardenia jasminoides, after Kew’s World Checklist of Vascular Plants. Introduced, extinct and doubtful records are excluded, so this is where the plant is from, not everywhere it now grows.
RegionTDWG codeContinent
China North-Central CHN ASIA-TEMPERATE
China South-Central CHC
China Southeast CHS
Hainan CHH
Japan JAP
Taiwan TAI
Cambodia CBD ASIA-TROPICAL
East Himalaya EHM
Laos LAO
Thailand THA
Vietnam VIE

Region boundaries approximated from Natural Earth (public domain) and mapped to TDWG World Geographical Scheme for Recording Plant Distributions (WGSRPD) level-3 botanical countries (Brummitt 2001). Indicative, not the official WGSRPD geometry.

Flowering 363 in flower of 520 examined

Proportion of examined Gardenia jasminoides in flower, by month
Month In flower Examined Share 95% interval
Jan 3 33 9% 3% to 24%
Feb 1 16 6% 1% to 28%
Mar 7 16 44% 23% to 67%
Apr 175 182 96% 92% to 98%
May 145 149 97% 93% to 99%
Jun 10 16 63% 39% to 82%
Jul 7 15 47% 25% to 70%
Aug 6 12 50% 25% to 75%
Sep 5 9 56% 27% to 81%
Oct 2 15 13% 4% to 38%
Nov 0 13 0% 0% to 23%
Dec 2 44 5% 1% to 15%

Peak flowering in May. Each bar is the share of Gardenia jasminoides observations in which someone actually recorded the reproductive state and found the plant in flower, not the raw number of flowering records. That distinction matters: people observe plants far more in spring than in winter, so a bare count of flowering records partly measures when people go outside. Dividing by the number examined removes that. 363 of 520 examined observations were in flower, every one of them research grade. The whisker on each bar is a 95% Wilson interval. This is still a global aggregate and not a forecast for your garden: the same species flowers on different dates in different hemispheres. Where a species has fewer than 30 flowering records we do not draw this chart at all. Computed from 10.15468/dl.cgje2x.

Where it actually grows measured, from 2,011 observations

Condition 5th percentile Median 95th percentile
Coldest month, mean daily low 0.9 °C 12.4 °C 18.3 °C
Warmest month, mean daily high 27.4 °C 29.5 °C 32.7 °C
Annual rainfall 1,373 mm 2,364 mm 4,010 mm
Rainfall in the driest quarter 78 mm 152 mm 731 mm

It is found where winters are cool but frost is light or absent. This is not care advice and it is not a forecast. It is a measurement: we sampled the climate at every one of the 2,011 research-grade observations of Gardenia jasminoides that carry a coordinate, and this is the range those places actually span. The 5th and 95th percentiles are used rather than the minimum and maximum, because a single cultivated specimen in a heated conservatory should not widen a tropical plant's range to the Arctic.

This is not a hardiness zone. A USDA zone is the average annual extreme minimum temperature. The figure above is the mean daily minimum of the coldest month, which is a different quantity and is typically far warmer. Reading one as the other would place a plant several zones too warm, so we do not publish a hardiness zone, because we do not have one. Climate from CHELSA V2.1 (Karger et al. 2017); occurrences from 10.15468/dl.cgje2x.

Also published as 56 synonyms

A synonym is not an error. It is a record of botanists disagreeing, in print, about where this plant belongs. Each of these was somebody’s considered answer.

  • Gardenia angustifolia G.Lodd.
  • Gardenia angustifolia var. kosyunensis (Sasaki) Masam.
  • Gardenia augusta Merr.
  • Gardenia augusta f. shanpinensis F.C.Ho
  • Gardenia augusta var. grandiflora (Lour.) Sasaki
  • Gardenia augusta var. kosyunensis Sasaki
  • Gardenia augusta var. longisepala Masam.
  • Gardenia augusta var. ovalifolia (Sims) Sasaki
  • Gardenia florida L.
  • Gardenia florida f. oblanceolata Nakai
  • Gardenia florida f. simpliciflora Makino
  • Gardenia florida f. thunbergii Makino
  • Gardenia florida unranked variegata Carrière
  • Gardenia florida var. fortuneana Lindl.
  • Gardenia florida var. grandiflora (Lour.) Franch. & Sav.
  • Gardenia florida var. maruba (Siebold ex Blume) Matsum.
  • Gardenia florida var. ovalifolia Sims
  • Gardenia florida var. plena Voigt
  • Gardenia florida var. radicans (Thunb.) Matsum.
  • Gardenia grandiflora Siebold ex Zucc.
  • Gardenia grandiflora Lour.
  • Gardenia jasminoides f. albomarginata H.Hara
  • Gardenia jasminoides f. albovariegata H.Hara
  • Gardenia jasminoides f. aureovariegata Nakai

and 32 more.

Sourcesevery claim on this page

  1. World Flora Online Plant List. accepted name, authority, classification. CC0. Retrieved 2026-07-12.
  2. iNaturalist. photographs and flowering annotations, CC0 / CC BY / CC BY-SA only. per photograph. Retrieved 2026-06-27.
  3. Wikidata. common name (P1843), joined on the World Flora Online identifier (P7715). CC0. Retrieved 2026-07-13.
  4. Kew, World Checklist of Vascular Plants (WCVP v16). native distribution by TDWG level-3 botanical country, and life form. CC BY 3.0. Retrieved 2026-06-04.

We publish what we can source and we say so when we cannot. This page has no care advice and no toxicity claim, because we do not yet have those from a source we can cite.