Gagea fragifera(Vill.) E.Bayer & G.López

WFO wfo-0000768469 Accepted WFO 2026-06 8 photographs CC0 / CC BY

Plate 1 figs. a–h · 8 separate observations

Gagea fragifera, photographed by Felicia Seichter
fig. a Felicia Seichter, CC BY 4.0 / 2022-05-01 / obs. 195399462
Gagea fragifera, photographed by Valerii Darmostuk
fig. b Valerii Darmostuk, CC BY 4.0 / obs. 127455603
Gagea fragifera, photographed by Valerii Darmostuk
fig. c Valerii Darmostuk, CC BY 4.0 / obs. 127443562
Gagea fragifera, photographed by Liubov Ilminska
fig. d Liubov Ilminska, CC0 1.0 / obs. 185414674
Gagea fragifera, photographed by Dmitriy Bochkov
fig. e Dmitriy Bochkov, CC BY 4.0 / obs. 58574905
Gagea fragifera, photographed by Михаил Орлов
fig. f Михаил Орлов, CC BY 4.0 / obs. 50580695
Gagea fragifera, photographed by Михаил Орлов
fig. g Михаил Орлов, CC BY 4.0 / obs. 67027122
Gagea fragifera, photographed by Dmitriy Bochkov
fig. h Dmitriy Bochkov, CC BY 4.0 / obs. 31577432

Every figure is a research-grade observation under CC0, CC BY or CC BY-SA, rehosted with the photographer’s name, the licence and the observation it came from. Photographs under a NonCommercial licence are excluded from this site and are never stored, which costs us a great many pictures and is not negotiable.

Native range 36 botanical countries

Regions where Gagea fragifera is native: Morocco, Afghanistan, Altay, Iran, Iraq, Kazakhstan, Kirgizstan, Lebanon-Syria, Mongolia, North Caucasus, Tadzhikistan, Transcaucasus, Türkiye, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan, West Siberia, Xinjiang, West Himalaya, Austria, Bulgaria, Central European Russia, Corse, East European Russia, France, Germany, Greece, Italy, Krym, North European Russia, Romania, Sardegna, Sicilia, South European Russia, Spain, Switzerland, Ukraine MoroccoAfghanistanAltayIranIraqKazakhstanKirgizstanLebanon-SyriaMongoliaNorth CaucasusTadzhikistanTranscaucasusTürkiyeTurkmenistanUzbekistanWest SiberiaXinjiangWest HimalayaAustriaBulgariaCentral European RussiaCorseEast European RussiaFranceGermanyGreeceItalyKrymNorth European RussiaRomaniaSiciliaSouth European RussiaSpainSwitzerlandUkraine Sardegna
Native distribution of Gagea fragifera, after Kew’s World Checklist of Vascular Plants. Introduced, extinct and doubtful records are excluded, so this is where the plant is from, not everywhere it now grows. Regions too small to draw at this scale are marked with a dot.
RegionTDWG codeContinent
Austria AUT EUROPE
Bulgaria BUL
Central European Russia RUC
Corse COR
East European Russia RUE
France FRA
Germany GER
Greece GRC
Italy ITA
Krym KRY
North European Russia RUN
Romania ROM
Sardegna SAR
Sicilia SIC
South European Russia RUS
Spain SPA
Switzerland SWI
Ukraine UKR
Afghanistan AFG ASIA-TEMPERATE
Altay ALT
Iran IRN
Iraq IRQ
Kazakhstan KAZ
Kirgizstan KGZ
Lebanon-Syria LBS
Mongolia MON
North Caucasus NCS
Tadzhikistan TZK
Transcaucasus TCS
Türkiye TUR
Turkmenistan TKM
Uzbekistan UZB
West Siberia WSB
Xinjiang CHX
Morocco MOR AFRICA
West Himalaya WHM ASIA-TROPICAL

Region boundaries approximated from Natural Earth (public domain) and mapped to TDWG World Geographical Scheme for Recording Plant Distributions (WGSRPD) level-3 botanical countries (Brummitt 2001). Indicative, not the official WGSRPD geometry.

Flowering 113 in flower of 113 examined

Peak flowering in Apr. Each bar is the share of Gagea fragifera observations in which someone actually recorded the reproductive state and found the plant in flower, not the raw number of flowering records. That distinction matters: people observe plants far more in spring than in winter, so a bare count of flowering records partly measures when people go outside. Dividing by the number examined removes that. 113 of 113 examined observations were in flower, every one of them research grade. The whisker on each bar is a 95% Wilson interval. 8 months have fewer than 5 examined observations, so no proportion is drawn for them. This is still a global aggregate and not a forecast for your garden: the same species flowers on different dates in different hemispheres. Where a species has fewer than 30 flowering records we do not draw this chart at all. Computed from 10.15468/dl.cgje2x.

Where it actually grows measured, from 413 observations

Condition 5th percentile Median 95th percentile
Coldest month, mean daily low -18.6 °C -12.6 °C -6.0 °C
Warmest month, mean daily high 12.4 °C 17.1 °C 26.2 °C
Annual rainfall 518 mm 1,346 mm 2,146 mm
Rainfall in the driest quarter 70 mm 200 mm 421 mm

It is found where winters are severely cold. This is not care advice and it is not a forecast. It is a measurement: we sampled the climate at every one of the 413 research-grade observations of Gagea fragifera that carry a coordinate, and this is the range those places actually span. The 5th and 95th percentiles are used rather than the minimum and maximum, because a single cultivated specimen in a heated conservatory should not widen a tropical plant's range to the Arctic.

This is not a hardiness zone. A USDA zone is the average annual extreme minimum temperature. The figure above is the mean daily minimum of the coldest month, which is a different quantity and is typically far warmer. Reading one as the other would place a plant several zones too warm, so we do not publish a hardiness zone, because we do not have one. Climate from CHELSA V2.1 (Karger et al. 2017); occurrences from 10.15468/dl.cgje2x.

Also published as 35 synonyms

A synonym is not an error. It is a record of botanists disagreeing, in print, about where this plant belongs. Each of these was somebody’s considered answer.

  • Gagea anisanthos K.Koch
  • Gagea brentae Evers
  • Gagea emarginata Kar. & Kir.
  • Gagea erubescens (Besser) Schult. & Schult.f.
  • Gagea fistulosa f. decandolleana Pascher
  • Gagea fistulosa subsp. liotardii Maire
  • Gagea fistulosa var. acutipetala A.Terracc.
  • Gagea fistulosa var. alpina A.Terracc.
  • Gagea fistulosa var. angustifolia A.Terracc.
  • Gagea fistulosa var. bulbifera St.-Lag.
  • Gagea fistulosa var. dyris Maire
  • Gagea fistulosa var. foliosa A.Terracc.
  • Gagea fistulosa var. fragerifera (Vill.) A.Terracc.
  • Gagea fistulosa var. fragifera (Vill.) A.Terracc.
  • Gagea fistulosa var. grandiflora A.Terracc.
  • Gagea fistulosa var. intermedia Rchb.
  • Gagea fistulosa var. spathacea A.Terracc.
  • Gagea intermedia Schltdl. ex Rchb.
  • Gagea lasczinskyi Zolot.
  • Gagea liotardii Schult. & Schult.f.
  • Gagea liotardii subsp. erubescens (Besser) Nyman
  • Gagea liotardii var. fragerifera (Vill.) Schult. & Schult.f.
  • Gagea lutea var. brentae Evers
  • Gagea lutea var. brentae (Evers) Hegi

and 11 more.

Sourcesevery claim on this page

  1. World Flora Online Plant List. accepted name, authority, classification. CC0. Retrieved 2026-07-12.
  2. iNaturalist. photographs and flowering annotations, CC0 / CC BY / CC BY-SA only. per photograph. Retrieved 2026-06-27.
  3. Kew, World Checklist of Vascular Plants (WCVP v16). native distribution by TDWG level-3 botanical country, and life form. CC BY 3.0. Retrieved 2026-06-04.

We publish what we can source and we say so when we cannot. This page has no care advice and no toxicity claim, because we do not yet have those from a source we can cite.