Euphrasia salisburgensis

Plate 1 figs. a–h · 8 separate observations

Euphrasia salisburgensis, photographed by carnifex — fig. b carnifex, CC BY 4.0 / obs. 100951626

Euphrasia salisburgensis, photographed by Wolfgang Jauch — fig. c Wolfgang Jauch, CC BY 4.0 / obs. 89252160

Euphrasia salisburgensis, photographed by Emanuele Santarelli — fig. d Emanuele Santarelli, CC BY-SA 4.0 / obs. 51049248

Euphrasia salisburgensis, photographed by Andrea Mologni — fig. g Andrea Mologni, CC BY-SA 4.0 / obs. 150354600

Euphrasia salisburgensis, photographed by aroche — fig. h aroche, CC BY 4.0 / obs. 12889384

Every figure is a research-grade observation under CC0, CC BY or CC BY-SA, rehosted with the photographer’s name, the licence and the observation it came from. Photographs under a NonCommercial licence are excluded from this site and are never stored, which costs us a great many pictures and is not negotiable.

Native range 21 botanical countries

Native distribution of Euphrasia salisburgensis, after Kew’s World Checklist of Vascular Plants. Introduced, extinct and doubtful records are excluded, so this is where the plant is from, not everywhere it now grows.

Region	TDWG code	Continent
Albania	ALB	EUROPE
Austria	AUT
Bulgaria	BUL
Corse	COR
Czechia-Slovakia	CZE
Finland	FIN
France	FRA
Germany	GER
Greece	GRC
Ireland	IRE
Italy	ITA
Kriti	KRI
Norway	NOR
NW. Balkan Pen.	YUG
Poland	POL
Romania	ROM
Spain	SPA
Sweden	SWE
Ukraine	UKR
Türkiye	TUR	ASIA-TEMPERATE
Newfoundland	NFL	NORTHERN AMERICA

Region boundaries approximated from Natural Earth (public domain) and mapped to TDWG World Geographical Scheme for Recording Plant Distributions (WGSRPD) level-3 botanical countries (Brummitt 2001). Indicative, not the official WGSRPD geometry.

Flowering 30 in flower of 30 examined

100%

Proportion of examined Euphrasia salisburgensis in flower, by month
Month	In flower	Examined	Share	95% interval
Jan	0	0	too few examined
Feb	0	0	too few examined
Mar	0	0	too few examined
Apr	0	0	too few examined
May	0	0	too few examined
Jun	2	2	too few examined
Jul	6	6	100%	61% to 100%
Aug	17	17	100%	82% to 100%
Sep	4	4	too few examined
Oct	1	1	too few examined
Nov	0	0	too few examined
Dec	0	0	too few examined

Peak flowering in Jul. Each bar is the share of Euphrasia salisburgensis observations in which someone actually recorded the reproductive state and found the plant in flower, not the raw number of flowering records. That distinction matters: people observe plants far more in spring than in winter, so a bare count of flowering records partly measures when people go outside. Dividing by the number examined removes that. 30 of 30 examined observations were in flower, every one of them research grade. The whisker on each bar is a 95% Wilson interval. 10 months have fewer than 5 examined observations, so no proportion is drawn for them. This is still a global aggregate and not a forecast for your garden: the same species flowers on different dates in different hemispheres. Where a species has fewer than 30 flowering records we do not draw this chart at all. Computed from 10.15468/dl.cgje2x.

Where it actually grows measured, from 197 observations

Condition	5th percentile	Median	95th percentile
Coldest month, mean daily low	-17.0 °C	-10.7 °C	-0.3 °C
Warmest month, mean daily high	12.7 °C	16.6 °C	24.5 °C
Annual rainfall	974 mm	1,434 mm	2,224 mm
Rainfall in the driest quarter	142 mm	243 mm	420 mm

It is found where winters are severely cold. This is not care advice and it is not a forecast. It is a measurement: we sampled the climate at every one of the 197 research-grade observations of Euphrasia salisburgensis that carry a coordinate, and this is the range those places actually span. The 5th and 95th percentiles are used rather than the minimum and maximum, because a single cultivated specimen in a heated conservatory should not widen a tropical plant's range to the Arctic.

This is not a hardiness zone. A USDA zone is the average annual extreme minimum temperature. The figure above is the mean daily minimum of the coldest month, which is a different quantity and is typically far warmer. Reading one as the other would place a plant several zones too warm, so we do not publish a hardiness zone, because we do not have one. Climate from CHELSA V2.1 (Karger et al. 2017); occurrences from 10.15468/dl.cgje2x.

Also published as 18 synonyms

A synonym is not an error. It is a record of botanists disagreeing, in print, about where this plant belongs. Each of these was somebody’s considered answer.

Euphrasia carpatica Zapał.
Euphrasia ceretana Sennen
Euphrasia ceretanica Sennen
Euphrasia corsica F.Towns.
Euphrasia cuprea Jord.
Euphrasia lapponica T.C.E.Fr.
Euphrasia marilaunica A.Kern.
Euphrasia minima var. lapeyrousii Soy.-Will.
Euphrasia minuta (Gremli) Sennen
Euphrasia nivalis Beck
Euphrasia officinalis subsp. salisburgensis (Funck ex Hoppe) Bonnier
Euphrasia officinalis var. salisburgensis (Funck ex Hoppe) Schleich.
Euphrasia salisburgensis prol. ceretanica Sennen
Euphrasia salisburgensis prol. cuprea (Jord.) Rouy
Euphrasia salisburgensis subsp. cuprea (Jord.) Nyman
Euphrasia salisburgensis var. bergadensis Sennen
Euphrasia salisburgensis var. minuta Gremli
Euphrasia salisburgensis var. schoenicola P.F.Yeo

Sourcesevery claim on this page

World Flora Online Plant List. accepted name, authority, classification. CC0. Retrieved 2026-07-12.
iNaturalist. photographs and flowering annotations, CC0 / CC BY / CC BY-SA only. per photograph. Retrieved 2026-06-27.
Kew, World Checklist of Vascular Plants (WCVP v16). native distribution by TDWG level-3 botanical country, and life form. CC BY 3.0. Retrieved 2026-06-04.

We publish what we can source and we say so when we cannot. This page has no care advice and no toxicity claim, because we do not yet have those from a source we can cite.