Erigeron bonariensisL.

asthmaweed

WFO wfo-0000075344 Accepted WFO 2026-06 8 photographs CC BY / CC BY-SA

Plate 1 figs. a–h · 8 separate observations

Erigeron bonariensis, photographed by Tony Rebelo
fig. a Tony Rebelo, CC BY-SA 4.0 / 2022-05-28 / obs. 204710751

Every figure is a research-grade observation under CC0, CC BY or CC BY-SA, rehosted with the photographer’s name, the licence and the observation it came from. Photographs under a NonCommercial licence are excluded from this site and are never stored, which costs us a great many pictures and is not negotiable.

Native range 39 botanical countries

Regions where Erigeron bonariensis is native: Mexico Central, Mexico Gulf, Mexico Northeast, Mexico Northwest, Mexico Southwest, Argentina Northeast, Argentina Northwest, Argentina South, Bahamas, Bolivia, Brazil North, Brazil Northeast, Brazil South, Brazil Southeast, Brazil West-Central, Chile Central, Chile North, Chile South, Colombia, Costa Rica, Cuba, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, French Guiana, Galápagos, Guatemala, Guyana, Haiti, Jamaica, Juan Fernández Is., Leeward Is., Paraguay, Peru, Puerto Rico, Suriname, Trinidad-Tobago, Uruguay, Venezuela, Windward Is. Mexico CentralMexico GulfMexico NortheastMexico NorthwestMexico SouthwestArgentina NortheastArgentina NorthwestArgentina SouthBoliviaBrazil NorthBrazil NortheastBrazil SouthBrazil SoutheastBrazil West-CentralChile CentralChile NorthChile SouthColombiaCosta RicaCubaDominican RepublicEcuadorFrench GuianaGuatemalaGuyanaHaitiJamaicaParaguayPeruPuerto RicoSurinameTrinidad-TobagoUruguayVenezuela BahamasGalápagosLeeward Is.Windward Is.
Native distribution of Erigeron bonariensis, after Kew’s World Checklist of Vascular Plants. Introduced, extinct and doubtful records are excluded, so this is where the plant is from, not everywhere it now grows. Regions too small to draw at this scale are marked with a dot.
RegionTDWG codeContinent
Argentina Northeast AGE SOUTHERN AMERICA
Argentina Northwest AGW
Argentina South AGS
Bahamas BAH
Bolivia BOL
Brazil North BZN
Brazil Northeast BZE
Brazil South BZS
Brazil Southeast BZL
Brazil West-Central BZC
Chile Central CLC
Chile North CLN
Chile South CLS
Colombia CLM
Costa Rica COS
Cuba CUB
Dominican Republic DOM
Ecuador ECU
French Guiana FRG
Galápagos GAL
Guatemala GUA
Guyana GUY
Haiti HAI
Jamaica JAM
Juan Fernández Is. JNF
Leeward Is. LEE
Paraguay PAR
Peru PER
Puerto Rico PUE
Suriname SUR
Trinidad-Tobago TRT
Uruguay URU
Venezuela VEN
Windward Is. WIN
Mexico Central MXC NORTHERN AMERICA
Mexico Gulf MXG
Mexico Northeast MXE
Mexico Northwest MXN
Mexico Southwest MXS

Not drawn on the map: Juan Fernández Is.. We hold no public-domain boundary for this region, so it is listed rather than guessed at.

Region boundaries approximated from Natural Earth (public domain) and mapped to TDWG World Geographical Scheme for Recording Plant Distributions (WGSRPD) level-3 botanical countries (Brummitt 2001). Indicative, not the official WGSRPD geometry.

Flowering 569 in flower of 918 examined

Proportion of examined Erigeron bonariensis in flower, by month
Month In flower Examined Share 95% interval
Jan 39 59 66% 53% to 77%
Feb 35 63 56% 43% to 67%
Mar 30 46 65% 51% to 77%
Apr 62 111 56% 47% to 65%
May 50 97 52% 42% to 61%
Jun 53 90 59% 49% to 68%
Jul 68 93 73% 63% to 81%
Aug 61 93 66% 55% to 74%
Sep 60 90 67% 56% to 76%
Oct 45 76 59% 48% to 70%
Nov 34 53 64% 51% to 76%
Dec 32 47 68% 54% to 80%

Peak flowering in Jul. Each bar is the share of Erigeron bonariensis observations in which someone actually recorded the reproductive state and found the plant in flower, not the raw number of flowering records. That distinction matters: people observe plants far more in spring than in winter, so a bare count of flowering records partly measures when people go outside. Dividing by the number examined removes that. 569 of 918 examined observations were in flower, every one of them research grade. The whisker on each bar is a 95% Wilson interval. This is still a global aggregate and not a forecast for your garden: the same species flowers on different dates in different hemispheres. Where a species has fewer than 30 flowering records we do not draw this chart at all. Computed from 10.15468/dl.cgje2x.

Where it actually grows measured, from 2,003 observations

Condition 5th percentile Median 95th percentile
Coldest month, mean daily low 0.4 °C 7.7 °C 15.4 °C
Warmest month, mean daily high 21.3 °C 27.4 °C 34.0 °C
Annual rainfall 263 mm 680 mm 2,225 mm
Rainfall in the driest quarter 4 mm 31 mm 241 mm

It is found where winters are cool but frost is light or absent. This is not care advice and it is not a forecast. It is a measurement: we sampled the climate at every one of the 2,003 research-grade observations of Erigeron bonariensis that carry a coordinate, and this is the range those places actually span. The 5th and 95th percentiles are used rather than the minimum and maximum, because a single cultivated specimen in a heated conservatory should not widen a tropical plant's range to the Arctic.

This is not a hardiness zone. A USDA zone is the average annual extreme minimum temperature. The figure above is the mean daily minimum of the coldest month, which is a different quantity and is typically far warmer. Reading one as the other would place a plant several zones too warm, so we do not publish a hardiness zone, because we do not have one. Climate from CHELSA V2.1 (Karger et al. 2017); occurrences from 10.15468/dl.cgje2x.

Also published as 44 synonyms

A synonym is not an error. It is a record of botanists disagreeing, in print, about where this plant belongs. Each of these was somebody’s considered answer.

  • Conyza ambigua DC.
  • Conyza bonariensis (L.) Cronquist
  • Conyza bonariensis f. bonariensis
  • Conyza bonariensis var. angustifolia (Cabrera) Cabrera
  • Conyza chenopodioides DC.
  • Conyza crispa (Pourr.) Cout.
  • Conyza gracilis Hoffmanns. & Link
  • Conyza hispida Kunth
  • Conyza leucodasys Miq.
  • Conyza linearis DC.
  • Conyza linifolia (Willd.) Tackh.
  • Conyza plebeia Phil.
  • Conyza rufescens Hoffmanns. & Link
  • Conyza sinuata Elliott
  • Conyza sordescens Cabrera
  • Conyzella linifolia (Willd.) Greene
  • Dimorphanthes ambigua C.Presl
  • Dimorphanthes angustifolia Cass.
  • Dimorphanthes crispa Rupr.
  • Erigeron ambiguus Sch.Bip. ex Webb & Berthel.
  • Erigeron ambiguus (DC.) Sch.Bip.
  • Erigeron bonariensis f. bonariensis
  • Erigeron bonariensis f. grisea Chodat
  • Erigeron bonariensis var. angustifolius Cabrera

and 20 more.

Sourcesevery claim on this page

  1. World Flora Online Plant List. accepted name, authority, classification. CC0. Retrieved 2026-07-12.
  2. iNaturalist. photographs and flowering annotations, CC0 / CC BY / CC BY-SA only. per photograph. Retrieved 2026-06-27.
  3. USDA PLANTS Database. common name, checklist symbol COBO. public domain. Retrieved 2026-07-13.
  4. Kew, World Checklist of Vascular Plants (WCVP v16). native distribution by TDWG level-3 botanical country, and life form. CC BY 3.0. Retrieved 2026-06-04.

We publish what we can source and we say so when we cannot. This page has no care advice and no toxicity claim, because we do not yet have those from a source we can cite.