{
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  "url": "https://botanai.app/plants/eragrostis-cilianensis/",
  "last_modified": "2025-12-15",
  "id": {
    "slug": "eragrostis-cilianensis",
    "wfo": "wfo-0000867548",
    "inat_taxon_id": 76849
  },
  "name": {
    "scientific": "Eragrostis cilianensis",
    "authorship": "(All.) Vignolo ex Janch.",
    "genus": "Eragrostis",
    "epithet": "cilianensis",
    "family": "Poaceae",
    "rank": "species",
    "taxonomic_status": "accepted",
    "accepted_according_to": "World Flora Online Plant List, 2026-06",
    "is_homonym": false,
    "published_in": "Mitt. Naturwiss. Vereins Univ. Wien 5: 110 (1907)",
    "protologue_url": "https://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1104599-2",
    "common": {
      "preferred": "stinkgrass",
      "english": [
        "stinkgrass"
      ],
      "source": "wikidata"
    },
    "synonyms": [
      {
        "name": "Briza eragrostis",
        "authorship": "L."
      },
      {
        "name": "Briza eragrostis var. megastachya",
        "authorship": "Gareizo"
      },
      {
        "name": "Briza major",
        "authorship": "Desv. ex Kunth"
      },
      {
        "name": "Briza megastachya",
        "authorship": "Steud."
      },
      {
        "name": "Briza oblonga",
        "authorship": "Moench"
      },
      {
        "name": "Briza purpurascens",
        "authorship": "Muhl."
      },
      {
        "name": "Calotheca purpurascens",
        "authorship": "(Muhl.) Spreng."
      },
      {
        "name": "Eragrostis argentina",
        "authorship": "Jedwabn."
      },
      {
        "name": "Eragrostis articulata",
        "authorship": "De Wild."
      },
      {
        "name": "Eragrostis cilianensis f. leersioides",
        "authorship": "(C.Presl) Maire"
      },
      {
        "name": "Eragrostis cilianensis f. megastachya",
        "authorship": "(Koeler) Maire & Weiller"
      },
      {
        "name": "Eragrostis cilianensis subsp. major",
        "authorship": "(Beck) Maire & Weiller"
      },
      {
        "name": "Eragrostis cilianensis subsp. megastachya",
        "authorship": "(Koeler) Maire & Weiller"
      },
      {
        "name": "Eragrostis cilianensis subsp. starosselskyi",
        "authorship": "(Grossh.) Tzvelev"
      },
      {
        "name": "Eragrostis cilianensis subsp. thyrsiflora",
        "authorship": "(Willk.) H.Scholz & Valdés"
      },
      {
        "name": "Eragrostis cilianensis var. leersioides",
        "authorship": "(C.Presl) Maire"
      },
      {
        "name": "Eragrostis cilianensis var. minoroides",
        "authorship": "P.Monts."
      },
      {
        "name": "Eragrostis cilianensis var. starosselskyi",
        "authorship": "(Grossh.) Dobignard & Portal"
      },
      {
        "name": "Eragrostis cilianensis var. subbiloba",
        "authorship": "(Chiov.) Dobignard & Portal"
      },
      {
        "name": "Eragrostis cilianensis var. thyrsiflora",
        "authorship": "(Willk.) Dobignard & Portal"
      },
      {
        "name": "Eragrostis costata",
        "authorship": "F.Turner"
      },
      {
        "name": "Eragrostis eragrostis",
        "authorship": "(L.) MacMill."
      },
      {
        "name": "Eragrostis eragrostis subvar. leersioides",
        "authorship": "(C.Presl) Farw."
      },
      {
        "name": "Eragrostis eragrostis var. megastachya",
        "authorship": "(Koeler) Farw."
      },
      {
        "name": "Eragrostis flexuosa",
        "authorship": "Steud."
      },
      {
        "name": "Eragrostis leersioides",
        "authorship": "(C.Presl) Steud."
      },
      {
        "name": "Eragrostis leersioides",
        "authorship": "Guss."
      },
      {
        "name": "Eragrostis leersioides var. leersioides",
        "authorship": null
      },
      {
        "name": "Eragrostis major",
        "authorship": "Host"
      },
      {
        "name": "Eragrostis major var. conferta",
        "authorship": "Ten."
      },
      {
        "name": "Eragrostis major var. subbiloba",
        "authorship": "(Chiov.) Chiov."
      },
      {
        "name": "Eragrostis megalostachya",
        "authorship": "St.-Lag."
      },
      {
        "name": "Eragrostis megastachya",
        "authorship": "(Koeler) Link"
      },
      {
        "name": "Eragrostis megastachya f. nana",
        "authorship": "Lorentz & Niederl."
      },
      {
        "name": "Eragrostis megastachya f. thessalonica",
        "authorship": "Charrel"
      },
      {
        "name": "Eragrostis megastachya var. acutiuscula",
        "authorship": "Hack."
      },
      {
        "name": "Eragrostis megastachya var. cilianensis",
        "authorship": "(All.) Asch. & Graebn."
      },
      {
        "name": "Eragrostis megastachya var. compacta",
        "authorship": "(Regel) Krylov"
      },
      {
        "name": "Eragrostis megastachya var. densiflora",
        "authorship": "(Guss.) Guss."
      },
      {
        "name": "Eragrostis megastachya var. leersioides",
        "authorship": "(C.Presl) Pant."
      },
      {
        "name": "Eragrostis megastachya var. microstachya",
        "authorship": "Coss., Germ. & Wedd."
      },
      {
        "name": "Eragrostis megastachya var. paucispicula",
        "authorship": "A.Reyn."
      },
      {
        "name": "Eragrostis megastachya var. thyrsiflora",
        "authorship": "Willk."
      },
      {
        "name": "Eragrostis megastachya var. verrucosa",
        "authorship": "Schltdl."
      },
      {
        "name": "Eragrostis minor var. major",
        "authorship": "Beck"
      },
      {
        "name": "Eragrostis minor var. megastachya",
        "authorship": "(A.Gray) Jeps."
      },
      {
        "name": "Eragrostis minor var. megastycha",
        "authorship": "(Koeler) Burtt Davy"
      },
      {
        "name": "Eragrostis monodii",
        "authorship": "A.Camus"
      },
      {
        "name": "Eragrostis multiflora f. violacea",
        "authorship": "N.Terracc. ex Chiov."
      },
      {
        "name": "Eragrostis multiflora var. cilianensis",
        "authorship": "(All.) Maire"
      },
      {
        "name": "Eragrostis multiflora var. glandulifera",
        "authorship": "Chiov."
      },
      {
        "name": "Eragrostis multiflora var. insularis",
        "authorship": "Chiov."
      },
      {
        "name": "Eragrostis multiflora var. leersioides",
        "authorship": "(Guss.) Richt."
      },
      {
        "name": "Eragrostis multiflora var. subbiloba",
        "authorship": "Chiov."
      },
      {
        "name": "Eragrostis multiflora var. triticea",
        "authorship": "(C.Presl) Richt."
      },
      {
        "name": "Eragrostis multiglandulosa",
        "authorship": "H.Scholz"
      },
      {
        "name": "Eragrostis oblonga",
        "authorship": "Baumg."
      },
      {
        "name": "Eragrostis pappiana var. insularis",
        "authorship": "(Chiov.) Mattei"
      },
      {
        "name": "Eragrostis pappiana var. insularis",
        "authorship": "Terracciano ex Chiov."
      },
      {
        "name": "Eragrostis pappii",
        "authorship": "Gand."
      },
      {
        "name": "Eragrostis pilosa subsp. leersioides",
        "authorship": "(C.Presl) K.Richt."
      },
      {
        "name": "Eragrostis pilosa subsp. triticea",
        "authorship": "(C.Presl) K.Richt."
      },
      {
        "name": "Eragrostis poaeoides var. megastachya",
        "authorship": "A.Gray"
      },
      {
        "name": "Eragrostis polyadenia",
        "authorship": "Mattei"
      },
      {
        "name": "Eragrostis polymorpha",
        "authorship": "Roem. & Schult."
      },
      {
        "name": "Eragrostis polysperma",
        "authorship": "Peter"
      },
      {
        "name": "Eragrostis pooides var. compacta",
        "authorship": "Regel"
      },
      {
        "name": "Eragrostis pooides var. major",
        "authorship": "(Host) Neilr."
      },
      {
        "name": "Eragrostis pooides var. megastachya",
        "authorship": "(Koeler) A.Gray"
      },
      {
        "name": "Eragrostis schweinfurthiana",
        "authorship": "Jedwabn."
      },
      {
        "name": "Eragrostis starosselskyi",
        "authorship": "Grossh."
      },
      {
        "name": "Eragrostis thyrsiflora",
        "authorship": "Willk. & Lange"
      },
      {
        "name": "Eragrostis triticea",
        "authorship": "(C.Presl) Steud."
      },
      {
        "name": "Eragrostis virletii",
        "authorship": "E.Fourn."
      },
      {
        "name": "Eragrostis vulgaris",
        "authorship": "Presl ex Steud."
      },
      {
        "name": "Eragrostis vulgaris subsp. major",
        "authorship": "(Beck) Rouy"
      },
      {
        "name": "Eragrostis vulgaris subsp. megastachya",
        "authorship": "(Koeler) Douin"
      },
      {
        "name": "Eragrostis vulgaris var. megastachya",
        "authorship": "(Koeler) Coss. & Germ."
      },
      {
        "name": "Erosion cilianense",
        "authorship": "(All.) Lunell"
      },
      {
        "name": "Megastachya eragrostis",
        "authorship": "(L.) Roem. & Schult."
      },
      {
        "name": "Megastachya leersioides",
        "authorship": "C.Presl"
      },
      {
        "name": "Megastachya oblonga",
        "authorship": "P.Beauv."
      },
      {
        "name": "Megastachya obtusa",
        "authorship": "Schult."
      },
      {
        "name": "Megastachya purpurascens",
        "authorship": "(Muhl.) Schult."
      },
      {
        "name": "Megastachya triticea",
        "authorship": "C.Presl"
      },
      {
        "name": "Poa cachectica",
        "authorship": "Schumach."
      },
      {
        "name": "Poa cilianensis",
        "authorship": "All."
      },
      {
        "name": "Poa eragrostis",
        "authorship": "(L.) Brot."
      },
      {
        "name": "Poa flava",
        "authorship": "Willd. ex Steud."
      },
      {
        "name": "Poa flexuosa",
        "authorship": "Roxb."
      },
      {
        "name": "Poa leersioides",
        "authorship": "(C.Presl) Guss."
      },
      {
        "name": "Poa megastachya",
        "authorship": "Koeler"
      },
      {
        "name": "Poa megastachya var. densiflora",
        "authorship": "Guss."
      },
      {
        "name": "Poa megastachya var. intermedia",
        "authorship": "Guss."
      },
      {
        "name": "Poa megastachya var. minor",
        "authorship": "Guss."
      },
      {
        "name": "Poa nuttallii",
        "authorship": "Spreng."
      },
      {
        "name": "Poa oblonga",
        "authorship": "Baumg."
      },
      {
        "name": "Poa obtusa",
        "authorship": "Nutt."
      },
      {
        "name": "Poa pennsylvanica",
        "authorship": "Nutt."
      },
      {
        "name": "Poa philadelphica",
        "authorship": "W.P.C.Barton"
      },
      {
        "name": "Poa polymorpha",
        "authorship": "J.Koenig ex Rottler"
      },
      {
        "name": "Poa roxburghiana",
        "authorship": "Schult."
      },
      {
        "name": "Poa tortuosa",
        "authorship": "Spreng."
      },
      {
        "name": "Poa triticea",
        "authorship": "(C.Presl) Guss."
      },
      {
        "name": "Poa triticea",
        "authorship": "(C.Presl) Kunth"
      }
    ],
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eragrostis_cilianensis"
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    "scheme": "TDWG World Geographical Scheme for Recording Plant Distributions, level 3",
    "source": "Kew, World Checklist of Vascular Plants (WCVP v16)",
    "license": "CC BY 3.0",
    "excludes": [
      "introduced",
      "extinct",
      "location_doubtful"
    ],
    "codes": [
      "ALG",
      "ANG",
      "AZO",
      "BEN",
      "BOT",
      "BKN",
      "BUR",
      "CMN",
      "CPP",
      "CVI",
      "CPV",
      "CAF",
      "CHA",
      "ZAI",
      "DJI",
      "EGY",
      "ERI",
      "SWZ",
      "ETH",
      "OFS",
      "GHA",
      "IVO",
      "KEN",
      "NAT",
      "LES",
      "LBY",
      "MDG",
      "MLW",
      "MLI",
      "MTN",
      "MAU",
      "MOR",
      "MOZ",
      "NAM",
      "NGR",
      "NGA",
      "TVL",
      "ROD",
      "RWA",
      "REU",
      "SEN",
      "SOC",
      "SOM",
      "SUD",
      "TAN",
      "TOG",
      "TUN",
      "UGA",
      "ZAM",
      "ZIM",
      "AFG",
      "CHN",
      "CHC",
      "CHS",
      "CYP",
      "EAI",
      "GST",
      "CHH",
      "CHI",
      "IRN",
      "IRQ",
      "JAP",
      "KAZ",
      "KGZ",
      "KOR",
      "LBS",
      "CHM",
      "MON",
      "NNS",
      "NCS",
      "OMA",
      "PAL",
      "CHQ",
      "SAU",
      "SIN",
      "TZK",
      "TAI",
      "TCS",
      "TKM",
      "TUR",
      "UZB",
      "CHX",
      "YEM",
      "AND",
      "ASS",
      "BAN",
      "EHM",
      "IND",
      "JAW",
      "LSI",
      "MOL",
      "MYA",
      "NWG",
      "NCB",
      "PAK",
      "PHI",
      "SRL",
      "SUL",
      "THA",
      "VIE",
      "WHM",
      "ALB",
      "BAL",
      "BUL",
      "COR",
      "FRA",
      "GRC",
      "HUN",
      "ITA",
      "KRI",
      "KRY",
      "YUG",
      "POR",
      "ROM",
      "SAR",
      "SIC",
      "SPA",
      "TUE",
      "UKR"
    ],
    "regions": [
      {
        "code": "ALG",
        "name": "Algeria",
        "continent": "AFRICA",
        "region": "Northern Africa"
      },
      {
        "code": "ANG",
        "name": "Angola",
        "continent": "AFRICA",
        "region": "South Tropical Africa"
      },
      {
        "code": "AZO",
        "name": "Azores",
        "continent": "AFRICA",
        "region": "Macaronesia"
      },
      {
        "code": "BEN",
        "name": "Benin",
        "continent": "AFRICA",
        "region": "West Tropical Africa"
      },
      {
        "code": "BOT",
        "name": "Botswana",
        "continent": "AFRICA",
        "region": "Southern Africa"
      },
      {
        "code": "BKN",
        "name": "Burkina",
        "continent": "AFRICA",
        "region": "West Tropical Africa"
      },
      {
        "code": "BUR",
        "name": "Burundi",
        "continent": "AFRICA",
        "region": "West-Central Tropical Africa"
      },
      {
        "code": "CMN",
        "name": "Cameroon",
        "continent": "AFRICA",
        "region": "West-Central Tropical Africa"
      },
      {
        "code": "CPP",
        "name": "Cape Provinces",
        "continent": "AFRICA",
        "region": "Southern Africa"
      },
      {
        "code": "CVI",
        "name": "Cape Verde",
        "continent": "AFRICA",
        "region": "Macaronesia"
      },
      {
        "code": "CPV",
        "name": "Caprivi Strip",
        "continent": "AFRICA",
        "region": "Southern Africa"
      },
      {
        "code": "CAF",
        "name": "Central African Republic",
        "continent": "AFRICA",
        "region": "West-Central Tropical Africa"
      },
      {
        "code": "CHA",
        "name": "Chad",
        "continent": "AFRICA",
        "region": "Northeast Tropical Africa"
      },
      {
        "code": "ZAI",
        "name": "DR Congo",
        "continent": "AFRICA",
        "region": "West-Central Tropical Africa"
      },
      {
        "code": "DJI",
        "name": "Djibouti",
        "continent": "AFRICA",
        "region": "Northeast Tropical Africa"
      },
      {
        "code": "EGY",
        "name": "Egypt",
        "continent": "AFRICA",
        "region": "Northern Africa"
      },
      {
        "code": "ERI",
        "name": "Eritrea",
        "continent": "AFRICA",
        "region": "Northeast Tropical Africa"
      },
      {
        "code": "SWZ",
        "name": "Eswatini",
        "continent": "AFRICA",
        "region": "Southern Africa"
      },
      {
        "code": "ETH",
        "name": "Ethiopia",
        "continent": "AFRICA",
        "region": "Northeast Tropical Africa"
      },
      {
        "code": "OFS",
        "name": "Free State",
        "continent": "AFRICA",
        "region": "Southern Africa"
      },
      {
        "code": "GHA",
        "name": "Ghana",
        "continent": "AFRICA",
        "region": "West Tropical Africa"
      },
      {
        "code": "IVO",
        "name": "Ivory Coast",
        "continent": "AFRICA",
        "region": "West Tropical Africa"
      },
      {
        "code": "KEN",
        "name": "Kenya",
        "continent": "AFRICA",
        "region": "East Tropical Africa"
      },
      {
        "code": "NAT",
        "name": "KwaZulu-Natal",
        "continent": "AFRICA",
        "region": "Southern Africa"
      },
      {
        "code": "LES",
        "name": "Lesotho",
        "continent": "AFRICA",
        "region": "Southern Africa"
      },
      {
        "code": "LBY",
        "name": "Libya",
        "continent": "AFRICA",
        "region": "Northern Africa"
      },
      {
        "code": "MDG",
        "name": "Madagascar",
        "continent": "AFRICA",
        "region": "Western Indian Ocean"
      },
      {
        "code": "MLW",
        "name": "Malawi",
        "continent": "AFRICA",
        "region": "South Tropical Africa"
      },
      {
        "code": "MLI",
        "name": "Mali",
        "continent": "AFRICA",
        "region": "West Tropical Africa"
      },
      {
        "code": "MTN",
        "name": "Mauritania",
        "continent": "AFRICA",
        "region": "West Tropical Africa"
      },
      {
        "code": "MAU",
        "name": "Mauritius",
        "continent": "AFRICA",
        "region": "Western Indian Ocean"
      },
      {
        "code": "MOR",
        "name": "Morocco",
        "continent": "AFRICA",
        "region": "Northern Africa"
      },
      {
        "code": "MOZ",
        "name": "Mozambique",
        "continent": "AFRICA",
        "region": "South Tropical Africa"
      },
      {
        "code": "NAM",
        "name": "Namibia",
        "continent": "AFRICA",
        "region": "Southern Africa"
      },
      {
        "code": "NGR",
        "name": "Niger",
        "continent": "AFRICA",
        "region": "West Tropical Africa"
      },
      {
        "code": "NGA",
        "name": "Nigeria",
        "continent": "AFRICA",
        "region": "West Tropical Africa"
      },
      {
        "code": "TVL",
        "name": "Northern Provinces",
        "continent": "AFRICA",
        "region": "Southern Africa"
      },
      {
        "code": "ROD",
        "name": "Rodrigues",
        "continent": "AFRICA",
        "region": "Western Indian Ocean"
      },
      {
        "code": "RWA",
        "name": "Rwanda",
        "continent": "AFRICA",
        "region": "West-Central Tropical Africa"
      },
      {
        "code": "REU",
        "name": "Réunion",
        "continent": "AFRICA",
        "region": "Western Indian Ocean"
      },
      {
        "code": "SEN",
        "name": "Senegal",
        "continent": "AFRICA",
        "region": "West Tropical Africa"
      },
      {
        "code": "SOC",
        "name": "Socotra",
        "continent": "AFRICA",
        "region": "Northeast Tropical Africa"
      },
      {
        "code": "SOM",
        "name": "Somalia",
        "continent": "AFRICA",
        "region": "Northeast Tropical Africa"
      },
      {
        "code": "SUD",
        "name": "Sudan-South Sudan",
        "continent": "AFRICA",
        "region": "Northeast Tropical Africa"
      },
      {
        "code": "TAN",
        "name": "Tanzania",
        "continent": "AFRICA",
        "region": "East Tropical Africa"
      },
      {
        "code": "TOG",
        "name": "Togo",
        "continent": "AFRICA",
        "region": "West Tropical Africa"
      },
      {
        "code": "TUN",
        "name": "Tunisia",
        "continent": "AFRICA",
        "region": "Northern Africa"
      },
      {
        "code": "UGA",
        "name": "Uganda",
        "continent": "AFRICA",
        "region": "East Tropical Africa"
      },
      {
        "code": "ZAM",
        "name": "Zambia",
        "continent": "AFRICA",
        "region": "South Tropical Africa"
      },
      {
        "code": "ZIM",
        "name": "Zimbabwe",
        "continent": "AFRICA",
        "region": "South Tropical Africa"
      },
      {
        "code": "AFG",
        "name": "Afghanistan",
        "continent": "ASIA-TEMPERATE",
        "region": "Western Asia"
      },
      {
        "code": "CHN",
        "name": "China North-Central",
        "continent": "ASIA-TEMPERATE",
        "region": "China"
      },
      {
        "code": "CHC",
        "name": "China South-Central",
        "continent": "ASIA-TEMPERATE",
        "region": "China"
      },
      {
        "code": "CHS",
        "name": "China Southeast",
        "continent": "ASIA-TEMPERATE",
        "region": "China"
      },
      {
        "code": "CYP",
        "name": "Cyprus",
        "continent": "ASIA-TEMPERATE",
        "region": "Western Asia"
      },
      {
        "code": "EAI",
        "name": "East Aegean Is.",
        "continent": "ASIA-TEMPERATE",
        "region": "Western Asia"
      },
      {
        "code": "GST",
        "name": "Gulf States",
        "continent": "ASIA-TEMPERATE",
        "region": "Arabian Peninsula"
      },
      {
        "code": "CHH",
        "name": "Hainan",
        "continent": "ASIA-TEMPERATE",
        "region": "China"
      },
      {
        "code": "CHI",
        "name": "Inner Mongolia",
        "continent": "ASIA-TEMPERATE",
        "region": "China"
      },
      {
        "code": "IRN",
        "name": "Iran",
        "continent": "ASIA-TEMPERATE",
        "region": "Western Asia"
      },
      {
        "code": "IRQ",
        "name": "Iraq",
        "continent": "ASIA-TEMPERATE",
        "region": "Western Asia"
      },
      {
        "code": "JAP",
        "name": "Japan",
        "continent": "ASIA-TEMPERATE",
        "region": "Eastern Asia"
      },
      {
        "code": "KAZ",
        "name": "Kazakhstan",
        "continent": "ASIA-TEMPERATE",
        "region": "Central Asia"
      },
      {
        "code": "KGZ",
        "name": "Kirgizstan",
        "continent": "ASIA-TEMPERATE",
        "region": "Central Asia"
      },
      {
        "code": "KOR",
        "name": "Korea",
        "continent": "ASIA-TEMPERATE",
        "region": "Eastern Asia"
      },
      {
        "code": "LBS",
        "name": "Lebanon-Syria",
        "continent": "ASIA-TEMPERATE",
        "region": "Western Asia"
      },
      {
        "code": "CHM",
        "name": "Manchuria",
        "continent": "ASIA-TEMPERATE",
        "region": "China"
      },
      {
        "code": "MON",
        "name": "Mongolia",
        "continent": "ASIA-TEMPERATE",
        "region": "Mongolia"
      },
      {
        "code": "NNS",
        "name": "Nansei-shoto",
        "continent": "ASIA-TEMPERATE",
        "region": "Eastern Asia"
      },
      {
        "code": "NCS",
        "name": "North Caucasus",
        "continent": "ASIA-TEMPERATE",
        "region": "Caucasus"
      },
      {
        "code": "OMA",
        "name": "Oman",
        "continent": "ASIA-TEMPERATE",
        "region": "Arabian Peninsula"
      },
      {
        "code": "PAL",
        "name": "Palestine",
        "continent": "ASIA-TEMPERATE",
        "region": "Western Asia"
      },
      {
        "code": "CHQ",
        "name": "Qinghai",
        "continent": "ASIA-TEMPERATE",
        "region": "China"
      },
      {
        "code": "SAU",
        "name": "Saudi Arabia",
        "continent": "ASIA-TEMPERATE",
        "region": "Arabian Peninsula"
      },
      {
        "code": "SIN",
        "name": "Sinai",
        "continent": "ASIA-TEMPERATE",
        "region": "Western Asia"
      },
      {
        "code": "TZK",
        "name": "Tadzhikistan",
        "continent": "ASIA-TEMPERATE",
        "region": "Central Asia"
      },
      {
        "code": "TAI",
        "name": "Taiwan",
        "continent": "ASIA-TEMPERATE",
        "region": "Eastern Asia"
      },
      {
        "code": "TCS",
        "name": "Transcaucasus",
        "continent": "ASIA-TEMPERATE",
        "region": "Caucasus"
      },
      {
        "code": "TKM",
        "name": "Turkmenistan",
        "continent": "ASIA-TEMPERATE",
        "region": "Central Asia"
      },
      {
        "code": "TUR",
        "name": "Türkiye",
        "continent": "ASIA-TEMPERATE",
        "region": "Western Asia"
      },
      {
        "code": "UZB",
        "name": "Uzbekistan",
        "continent": "ASIA-TEMPERATE",
        "region": "Central Asia"
      },
      {
        "code": "CHX",
        "name": "Xinjiang",
        "continent": "ASIA-TEMPERATE",
        "region": "China"
      },
      {
        "code": "YEM",
        "name": "Yemen",
        "continent": "ASIA-TEMPERATE",
        "region": "Arabian Peninsula"
      },
      {
        "code": "AND",
        "name": "Andaman Is.",
        "continent": "ASIA-TROPICAL",
        "region": "Indo-China"
      },
      {
        "code": "ASS",
        "name": "Assam",
        "continent": "ASIA-TROPICAL",
        "region": "Indian Subcontinent"
      },
      {
        "code": "BAN",
        "name": "Bangladesh",
        "continent": "ASIA-TROPICAL",
        "region": "Indian Subcontinent"
      },
      {
        "code": "EHM",
        "name": "East Himalaya",
        "continent": "ASIA-TROPICAL",
        "region": "Indian Subcontinent"
      },
      {
        "code": "IND",
        "name": "India",
        "continent": "ASIA-TROPICAL",
        "region": "Indian Subcontinent"
      },
      {
        "code": "JAW",
        "name": "Jawa",
        "continent": "ASIA-TROPICAL",
        "region": "Malesia"
      },
      {
        "code": "LSI",
        "name": "Lesser Sunda Is.",
        "continent": "ASIA-TROPICAL",
        "region": "Malesia"
      },
      {
        "code": "MOL",
        "name": "Maluku",
        "continent": "ASIA-TROPICAL",
        "region": "Malesia"
      },
      {
        "code": "MYA",
        "name": "Myanmar",
        "continent": "ASIA-TROPICAL",
        "region": "Indo-China"
      },
      {
        "code": "NWG",
        "name": "New Guinea",
        "continent": "ASIA-TROPICAL",
        "region": "Papuasia"
      },
      {
        "code": "NCB",
        "name": "Nicobar Is.",
        "continent": "ASIA-TROPICAL",
        "region": "Indo-China"
      },
      {
        "code": "PAK",
        "name": "Pakistan",
        "continent": "ASIA-TROPICAL",
        "region": "Indian Subcontinent"
      },
      {
        "code": "PHI",
        "name": "Philippines",
        "continent": "ASIA-TROPICAL",
        "region": "Malesia"
      },
      {
        "code": "SRL",
        "name": "Sri Lanka",
        "continent": "ASIA-TROPICAL",
        "region": "Indian Subcontinent"
      },
      {
        "code": "SUL",
        "name": "Sulawesi",
        "continent": "ASIA-TROPICAL",
        "region": "Malesia"
      },
      {
        "code": "THA",
        "name": "Thailand",
        "continent": "ASIA-TROPICAL",
        "region": "Indo-China"
      },
      {
        "code": "VIE",
        "name": "Vietnam",
        "continent": "ASIA-TROPICAL",
        "region": "Indo-China"
      },
      {
        "code": "WHM",
        "name": "West Himalaya",
        "continent": "ASIA-TROPICAL",
        "region": "Indian Subcontinent"
      },
      {
        "code": "ALB",
        "name": "Albania",
        "continent": "EUROPE",
        "region": "Southeastern Europe"
      },
      {
        "code": "BAL",
        "name": "Baleares",
        "continent": "EUROPE",
        "region": "Southwestern Europe"
      },
      {
        "code": "BUL",
        "name": "Bulgaria",
        "continent": "EUROPE",
        "region": "Southeastern Europe"
      },
      {
        "code": "COR",
        "name": "Corse",
        "continent": "EUROPE",
        "region": "Southwestern Europe"
      },
      {
        "code": "FRA",
        "name": "France",
        "continent": "EUROPE",
        "region": "Southwestern Europe"
      },
      {
        "code": "GRC",
        "name": "Greece",
        "continent": "EUROPE",
        "region": "Southeastern Europe"
      },
      {
        "code": "HUN",
        "name": "Hungary",
        "continent": "EUROPE",
        "region": "Middle Europe"
      },
      {
        "code": "ITA",
        "name": "Italy",
        "continent": "EUROPE",
        "region": "Southeastern Europe"
      },
      {
        "code": "KRI",
        "name": "Kriti",
        "continent": "EUROPE",
        "region": "Southeastern Europe"
      },
      {
        "code": "KRY",
        "name": "Krym",
        "continent": "EUROPE",
        "region": "Eastern Europe"
      },
      {
        "code": "YUG",
        "name": "NW. Balkan Pen.",
        "continent": "EUROPE",
        "region": "Southeastern Europe"
      },
      {
        "code": "POR",
        "name": "Portugal",
        "continent": "EUROPE",
        "region": "Southwestern Europe"
      },
      {
        "code": "ROM",
        "name": "Romania",
        "continent": "EUROPE",
        "region": "Southeastern Europe"
      },
      {
        "code": "SAR",
        "name": "Sardegna",
        "continent": "EUROPE",
        "region": "Southwestern Europe"
      },
      {
        "code": "SIC",
        "name": "Sicilia",
        "continent": "EUROPE",
        "region": "Southeastern Europe"
      },
      {
        "code": "SPA",
        "name": "Spain",
        "continent": "EUROPE",
        "region": "Southwestern Europe"
      },
      {
        "code": "TUE",
        "name": "Türkiye-in-Europe",
        "continent": "EUROPE",
        "region": "Southeastern Europe"
      },
      {
        "code": "UKR",
        "name": "Ukraine",
        "continent": "EUROPE",
        "region": "Eastern Europe"
      }
    ]
  },
  "phenology": {
    "n": 23,
    "n_annotated": 68,
    "sufficient": false,
    "fruiting": {
      "n": 48,
      "by_month": [
        3,
        2,
        0,
        5,
        2,
        3,
        2,
        10,
        9,
        6,
        2,
        4
      ],
      "share": [
        0.5,
        null,
        null,
        1,
        null,
        0.6,
        null,
        0.6667,
        0.6,
        0.8571,
        null,
        0.8
      ],
      "ci": [
        [
          0.1876,
          0.8124
        ],
        null,
        null,
        [
          0.5655,
          1
        ],
        null,
        [
          0.2307,
          0.8824
        ],
        null,
        [
          0.4171,
          0.8482
        ],
        [
          0.3575,
          0.8018
        ],
        [
          0.4869,
          0.9743
        ],
        null,
        [
          0.3755,
          0.9638
        ]
      ],
      "peak_month": 4
    },
    "doi": null,
    "source": "GBIF SQL download of iNaturalist Research-grade Observations",
    "quality_grade": "research (guaranteed upstream by iNaturalist at export)",
    "fields": {
      "by_month": "observations found IN FLOWER, by month (Jan..Dec)",
      "annotated_by_month": "observations in which a human recorded the reproductive state at all, by month. This is the denominator, and it includes the records that said \"no flowers or fruits\".",
      "share": "by_month / annotated_by_month. null where too few plants were examined to state a proportion.",
      "ci": "95% Wilson score interval on share.",
      "peak_month": "the month with the highest SHARE, not the highest count."
    }
  },
  "traits": {
    "lifeform": "annual",
    "climate": "subtropical"
  },
  "climate_envelope": {
    "mean_annual_temp_c": {
      "p5": 8.3,
      "median": 16.5,
      "p95": 22.9
    },
    "temp_seasonality": {
      "p5": 280.8,
      "median": 738.5,
      "p95": 1022
    },
    "max_temp_warmest_month_c": {
      "p5": 24.8,
      "median": 32,
      "p95": 36.1
    },
    "min_temp_coldest_month_c": {
      "p5": -10.5,
      "median": 2.5,
      "p95": 14
    },
    "annual_precip_mm": {
      "p5": 244.4,
      "median": 631,
      "p95": 1218.2
    },
    "precip_seasonality": {
      "p5": 12.9,
      "median": 46.7,
      "p95": 108.5
    },
    "precip_driest_quarter_mm": {
      "p5": 4.6,
      "median": 66.8,
      "p95": 244.4
    },
    "n": 1039,
    "units": {
      "mean_annual_temp_c": "degrees Celsius",
      "min_temp_coldest_month_c": "degrees Celsius (mean daily MINIMUM of the coldest month)",
      "max_temp_warmest_month_c": "degrees Celsius (mean daily MAXIMUM of the warmest month)",
      "annual_precip_mm": "millimetres per year",
      "precip_driest_quarter_mm": "millimetres in the driest quarter"
    },
    "source": "CHELSA V2.1 climatologies 1981-2010, 30 arcsec",
    "citation": "Karger, D.N. et al. (2017) Climatologies at high resolution for the earth's land surface areas. Scientific Data 4, 170122.",
    "occurrences": "iNaturalist Research-grade Observations",
    "occurrences_doi": null,
    "method": "Climate sampled at every georeferenced research-grade observation of the species. Reported as the 5th to 95th percentile across 1039 of them. Species with fewer than 30 georeferenced observations get no envelope.",
    "is_hardiness_zone": false,
    "hardiness_zone_note": "min_temp_coldest_month_c is NOT a USDA hardiness zone. A USDA zone is the average annual EXTREME minimum temperature; this is the mean daily minimum of the coldest month, which is typically about 16 C warmer. Do not present one as the other."
  },
  "identification": {
    "on_device_model": {
      "model": "Google AIY plants V1 (TFLite, 2,102 classes)",
      "identifies_this_species": false
    },
    "in_accuracy_benchmark": false,
    "benchmark_url": "https://botanai.app/accuracy/",
    "confused_with": []
  },
  "sources": [
    {
      "name": "World Flora Online Plant List",
      "note": "accepted name, authority, classification",
      "license": "CC0",
      "url": "https://www.worldfloraonline.org/",
      "retrieved": "2026-07-12"
    },
    {
      "name": "iNaturalist",
      "note": "photographs and flowering annotations, CC0 / CC BY / CC BY-SA only",
      "license": "per photograph",
      "url": "https://www.inaturalist.org/",
      "retrieved": "2026-06-27"
    },
    {
      "name": "Wikidata",
      "note": "common name (P1843), joined on the World Flora Online identifier (P7715)",
      "license": "CC0",
      "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/",
      "retrieved": "2026-07-13"
    },
    {
      "name": "Kew, World Checklist of Vascular Plants (WCVP v16)",
      "note": "native distribution by TDWG level-3 botanical country, and life form",
      "license": "CC BY 3.0",
      "url": "https://doi.org/10.15468/6h8ucr",
      "retrieved": "2026-06-04"
    }
  ],
  "gaps": [
    {
      "field": "care",
      "status": "not_published",
      "reason": "Not published anywhere on this site. Every care claim we could make cheaply would be an unsourced enum, which is what the previous version of this site did and why it was deleted."
    },
    {
      "field": "toxicity",
      "status": "not_published",
      "reason": "Not published. The widely copied list is a copyrighted compilation restricted to noncommercial use, and we will not scrape it. A sourced toxicity dataset is being built from primary literature and is not ready."
    },
    {
      "field": "botanical_review",
      "status": "not_sourced",
      "reason": "No page on this site has been reviewed by a named botanist. The determination label says so, on every page."
    },
    {
      "field": "hardiness_zone",
      "status": "not_published",
      "reason": "Not published for any species. A USDA hardiness zone is the average annual EXTREME minimum temperature, and we hold the mean daily minimum of the coldest month, which is a different quantity and typically about 16 C warmer. Presenting one as the other would place a plant several zones too warm, so we do not publish a zone at all."
    },
    {
      "field": "phenology",
      "status": "insufficient_evidence",
      "reason": "Only 23 annotated flowering records, below our threshold of 30. A curve fitted to a dozen records is noise, so we do not draw one."
    }
  ],
  "license": {
    "data": "CC BY 4.0",
    "attribution": "BotanAI, https://botanai.app/plants/eragrostis-cilianensis/",
    "note": "This document is licensed CC BY 4.0. The PHOTOGRAPHS it links are licensed individually and separately: each carries its own license and license_url, and those terms govern. Underlying taxonomy is CC0 (World Flora Online); native range is CC BY 3.0 (Kew)."
  }
}